2016 Edition

Background

Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that is participating in the general political and economic integration of Europe. It joined NATO in 1949 and the EEC (now the EU) in 1973. However, the country has opted out of certain elements of the EU's Maastricht Treaty, including the European Economic and Monetary Union, European defense cooperation, and issues concerning certain justice and home affairs.

Area

43,094 sq km 42,434 sq km 660 sq km includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark (the Jutland Peninsula, and the major islands of Sjaelland and Fyn), but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland

land

42,434 sq km

note

includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark (the Jutland Peninsula, and the major islands of Sjaelland and Fyn), but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland

total

43,094 sq km

water

660 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts

Climate

temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers

Coastline

7,314 km

Elevation

34 m lowest point: Lammefjord -7 m highest point: Mollehoj/Ejer Bavnehoj 171 m

elevation extremes

lowest point: Lammefjord -7 m

highest point

Mollehoj/Ejer Bavnehoj 171 m

mean elevation

34 m

Environment - current issues

air pollution, principally from vehicle and power plant emissions; nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the North Sea; drinking and surface water becoming polluted from animal wastes and pesticides

Environment - international agreements

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling none of the selected agreements

party to

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates

56 00 N, 10 00 E

Geography - note

controls Danish Straits (Skagerrak and Kattegat) linking Baltic and North Seas; about one-quarter of the population lives in greater Copenhagen

Irrigated land

4,350 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries

140 km Germany 140 km

border countries (1)

Germany 140 km

total

140 km

Land use

63.4% arable land 58.9%; permanent crops 0.1%; permanent pasture 4.4% 12.9% 23.7% highest percentage of arable land for any country in the world (2011 est.)

agricultural land

63.4%

forest

12.9%

note

highest percentage of arable land for any country in the world (2011 est.)

other

23.7%

Location

Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes several major islands (Sjaelland, Fyn, and Bornholm)

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

12 nm 24 nm 200 nm 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

contiguous zone

24 nm

continental shelf

200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone

200 nm

territorial sea

12 nm

Natural hazards

flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes

Natural resources

petroleum, natural gas, fish, arable land, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, gravel and sand

Population - distribution

with excellent access to the North Sea, Skagerrak, Kattegat, and the Baltic Sea, population centers tend to be along coastal areas, particularly in Copenhagen and the eastern side of the country's mainland

Terrain

low and flat to gently rolling plains

Age structure

16.58% (male 475,763/female 451,557) 13.12% (male 374,806/female 359,344) 38.88% (male 1,082,404/female 1,092,672) 12.45% (male 346,371/female 350,093) 18.96% (male 475,330/female 585,445) (2016 est.)

0-14 years

16.58% (male 475,763/female 451,557)

15-24 years

13.12% (male 374,806/female 359,344)

25-54 years

38.88% (male 1,082,404/female 1,092,672)

55-64 years

12.45% (male 346,371/female 350,093)

65 years and over

18.96% (male 475,330/female 585,445) (2016 est.)

Birth rate

10.4 births/1,000 population (2016 est.)

Death rate

10.3 deaths/1,000 population (2016 est.)

Dependency ratios

55.9% 26.3% 29.6% 3.4% (2015 est.)

elderly dependency ratio

29.6%

potential support ratio

3.4% (2015 est.)

total dependency ratio

55.9%

youth dependency ratio

26.3%

Drinking water source

urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2015 est.)

rural

0% of population

total

0% of population (2015 est.)

urban

0% of population

Education expenditures

8.5% of GDP (2011)

Ethnic groups

Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali

Health expenditures

10.8% of GDP (2014)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.16% (2014 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

fewer than 100 (2014 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

6,000 (2014 est.)

Hospital bed density

3.5 beds/1,000 population (2010)

Infant mortality rate

4 deaths/1,000 live births 4.1 deaths/1,000 live births 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)

female

3.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2016 est.)

male

4.1 deaths/1,000 live births

total

4 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority) English is the predominant second language

note

English is the predominant second language

Life expectancy at birth

79.4 years 77 years 82 years (2016 est.)

female

82 years (2016 est.)

male

77 years

total population

79.4 years

Major urban areas - population

COPENHAGEN (capital) 1.268 million (2015)

Maternal mortality rate

6 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)

Median age

42 years 41.1 years 43 years (2016 est.)

female

43 years (2016 est.)

male

41.1 years

total

42 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

29.1 (2012 est.)

Nationality

Dane(s) Danish

adjective

Danish

noun

Dane(s)

Net migration rate

2.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2016 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

21% (2014)

Physicians density

3.49 physicians/1,000 population (2010)

Population

5,593,785 Statistics Denmark estimates the country's total population to be 5,724,456 as of 2016 Q3 (July 2016 est.)

note

Statistics Denmark estimates the country's total population to be 5,724,456 as of 2016 Q3 (July 2016 est.)

Population distribution

with excellent access to the North Sea, Skagerrak, Kattegat, and the Baltic Sea, population centers tend to be along coastal areas, particularly in Copenhagen and the eastern side of the country's mainland

Population growth rate

0.22% (2016 est.)

Religions

Evangelical Lutheran (official) 80%, Muslim 4%, other (denominations of less than 1% each, includes Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Serbian Orthodox Christian, Jewish, Baptist, and Buddhist) 16% (2012 est.)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 99.6% of population rural: 99.6% of population total: 99.6% of population urban: 0.4% of population rural: 0.4% of population total: 0.4% of population (2015 est.)

rural

0.4% of population

total

0.4% of population (2015 est.)

urban

0.4% of population

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

19 years 18 years 20 years (2014)

female

20 years (2014)

male

18 years

total

19 years

Sex ratio

1.06 male(s)/female 1.05 male(s)/female 1.04 male(s)/female 0.99 male(s)/female 0.99 male(s)/female 0.81 male(s)/female 0.97 male(s)/female (2016 est.)

0-14 years

1.05 male(s)/female

15-24 years

1.04 male(s)/female

25-54 years

0.99 male(s)/female

55-64 years

0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.81 male(s)/female

at birth

1.06 male(s)/female

total population

0.97 male(s)/female (2016 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.73 children born/woman (2016 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

12.6% 13.7% 11.5% (2014 est.)

female

11.5% (2014 est.)

male

13.7%

total

12.6%

Urbanization

87.7% of total population (2015) 0.6% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

rate of urbanization

0.6% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

urban population

87.7% of total population (2015)

Administrative divisions

metropolitan Denmark - 5 regions (regioner, singular - region); Hovedstaden (Capital), Midtjylland (Central Jutland), Nordjylland (North Jutland), Sjaelland (Zealand), Syddanmark (Southern Denmark) an extensive local government reform merged 271 municipalities into 98 and 13 counties into five regions, effective 1 January 2007

note

an extensive local government reform merged 271 municipalities into 98 and 13 counties into five regions, effective 1 January 2007

Capital

Copenhagen 55 40 N, 12 35 E UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October applies to continental Denmark only, not to its North Atlantic components

daylight saving time

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

geographic coordinates

55 40 N, 12 35 E

name

Copenhagen

note

applies to continental Denmark only, not to its North Atlantic components

time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Citizenship

no at least one parent must be a citizen of Denmark yes 7 years

citizenship by birth

no

citizenship by descent only

at least one parent must be a citizen of Denmark

dual citizenship recognized

yes

residency requirement for naturalization

7 years

Constitution

several previous; latest adopted 5 June 1953; changed several times, last in 2009 (Danish Act of Succession) (2016)

Country name

Kingdom of Denmark Denmark Kongeriget Danmark Danmark the name derives from the words "Dane(s)" and "mark"; the latter referring to a march (borderland) or forest

conventional long form

Kingdom of Denmark

conventional short form

Denmark

etymology

the name derives from the words "Dane(s)" and "mark"; the latter referring to a march (borderland) or forest

local long form

Kongeriget Danmark

local short form

Danmark

Diplomatic representation from the US

Ambassador Rufus GIFFORD (since 13 September 2013) Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagen 0 Unit 5280, DPO, AE 09716 [45] 33 41 71 00 [45] 35 43 02 23

chief of mission

Ambassador Rufus GIFFORD (since 13 September 2013)

embassy

Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagen 0

FAX

[45] 35 43 02 23

mailing address

Unit 5280, DPO, AE 09716

telephone

[45] 33 41 71 00

Diplomatic representation in the US

Ambassador Lars Gert LOSE (since 17 September 2015) 3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 [1] (202) 234-4300 [1] (202) 328-1470 Chicago, New York

chancery

3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

chief of mission

Ambassador Lars Gert LOSE (since 17 September 2015)

consulate(s) general

Chicago, New York

FAX

[1] (202) 328-1470

telephone

[1] (202) 234-4300

Executive branch

Queen MARGRETHE II (since 14 January 1972); Heir Apparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the monarch (born on 26 May 1968) Prime Minister Lars LOEKKE RASMUSSEN (since 28 June 2015) Council of State appointed by the monarch the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch

cabinet

Council of State appointed by the monarch

chief of state

Queen MARGRETHE II (since 14 January 1972); Heir Apparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the monarch (born on 26 May 1968)

elections/appointments

the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch

head of government

Prime Minister Lars LOEKKE RASMUSSEN (since 28 June 2015)

Flag description

red with a white cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side; the banner is referred to as the Dannebrog (Danish flag) and is one of the oldest national flags in the world; traditions as to the origin of the flag design vary, but the best known is a legend that the banner fell from the sky during an early-13th century battle; caught up by the Danish king before it ever touched the earth, this heavenly talisman inspired the royal army to victory; in actuality, the flag may derive from a crusade banner or ensign the shifted cross design element was subsequently adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden

note

the shifted cross design element was subsequently adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden

Government type

parliamentary constitutional monarchy

Independence

ca. 965 (unified and Christianized under HARALD I Gormson); 5 June 1849 (became a parliamentary constitutional monarchy)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI (implementing country), ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch

Supreme Court (consists of the court president and 18 judges) judges appointed by the monarch upon the recommendation of the Minister of Justice with the advice of the Judicial Appointments Council, a 6-member independent body of judges and lawyers; judges appointed for life with retirement at age 70 Special Court of Indictment and Revision; 2 High Courts; Maritime and Commercial Court; county courts

highest court(s)

Supreme Court (consists of the court president and 18 judges)

judge selection and term of office

judges appointed by the monarch upon the recommendation of the Minister of Justice with the advice of the Judicial Appointments Council, a 6-member independent body of judges and lawyers; judges appointed for life with retirement at age 70

subordinate courts

Special Court of Indictment and Revision; 2 High Courts; Maritime and Commercial Court; county courts

Legal system

civil law; judicial review of legislative acts

Legislative branch

unicameral People's Assembly or Folketing (179 seats, including 2 representing Greenland and 2 representing the Faroe Islands; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms unless the Folketing is dissolved earlier) last held on 18 June 2015 (next to be held by June 2019) percent of vote by party - SDP 26.3%, DF 21.1%, V 19.5%, EL 7.8%, LA 7.5%, AP 4.8%, SLP 4.6%, SF 4.2%, C 3.4%, other 0.9%; seats by party - SDP 47, DF 37, V 34, EL 14, LA 13, AP 9, SLP 8, SF 7, C 6; note - does not include each of the two seats from Greenland and the Faroe Islands

description

unicameral People's Assembly or Folketing (179 seats, including 2 representing Greenland and 2 representing the Faroe Islands; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote; members serve 4-year terms unless the Folketing is dissolved earlier)

election results

percent of vote by party - SDP 26.3%, DF 21.1%, V 19.5%, EL 7.8%, LA 7.5%, AP 4.8%, SLP 4.6%, SF 4.2%, C 3.4%, other 0.9%; seats by party - SDP 47, DF 37, V 34, EL 14, LA 13, AP 9, SLP 8, SF 7, C 6; note - does not include each of the two seats from Greenland and the Faroe Islands

elections

last held on 18 June 2015 (next to be held by June 2019)

National anthem

"Der er et yndigt land" (There is a Lovely Land); "Kong Christian" (King Christian) Adam Gottlob OEHLENSCHLAGER/Hans Ernst KROYER; Johannes EWALD/unknown Denmark has two national anthems with equal status; "Der er et yndigt land," adopted 1844, is a national anthem, while "Kong Christian," adopted 1780, serves as both a national and royal anthem; "Kong Christian" is also known as "Kong Christian stod ved hojen mast" (King Christian Stood by the Lofty Mast) and "Kongesangen" (The King's Anthem); within Denmark, the royal anthem is played only when royalty is present and is usually followed by the national anthem; when royalty is not present, only the national anthem is performed; outside Denmark, the royal anthem is played, unless the national anthem is requested

lyrics/music

Adam Gottlob OEHLENSCHLAGER/Hans Ernst KROYER; Johannes EWALD/unknown

name

"Der er et yndigt land" (There is a Lovely Land); "Kong Christian" (King Christian)

note

Denmark has two national anthems with equal status; "Der er et yndigt land," adopted 1844, is a national anthem, while "Kong Christian," adopted 1780, serves as both a national and royal anthem; "Kong Christian" is also known as "Kong Christian stod ved hojen mast" (King Christian Stood by the Lofty Mast) and "Kongesangen" (The King's Anthem); within Denmark, the royal anthem is played only when royalty is present and is usually followed by the national anthem; when royalty is not present, only the national anthem is performed; outside Denmark, the royal anthem is played, unless the national anthem is requested

National holiday

none designated; Constitution Day, 5 June (1849) is generally viewed as National Day

National symbol(s)

lion, mute swan; national colors: red, white

lion, mute swan; national colors

red, white

Political parties and leaders

Alternative Party or AP [Uffe ELBAEK] Conservative People's Party or C [Soren PAPE POULSEN] Danish People's Party or DF [Kristian THULESEN DAHL] Liberal Alliance or LA [Anders SAMUELSEN] Liberal Party or V [Lars LOEKKE RAMUSSEN] Red-Green Alliance (Unity List) or EL [collective leadership, spokesperson Johanne SCHMIDT-NIELSEN] Social Democratic Party or SDP [Mette FREDERIKSEN] Social Liberal Party or SLP [Morten OSTERGAARD] Socialist People's Party or SF [Pia OLSEN DYHR]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Confederation of Danish Employers or DA [CEO Jacob HOLBRAAD] Confederation of Danish Industries or DI [CEO Karsten DYBVAD] Confederation of Danish Labor Unions (Landsorganisationen) or LO [President Lizette RISGAARD] DaneAge Association [President Bjarne HASTRUP] Danish Shipowners' Association [Director General and CEO Anne STEFFENSEN]] Danish Bankers Association [CEO Ulrik NODGAARD] Danish Society for Nature Conservation or DN [President Ella Maria BISSCHOP-LARSEN] environmental groups; humanitarian relief; development assistance; human rights NGOs

other

environmental groups; humanitarian relief; development assistance; human rights NGOs

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Agriculture - products

barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products; fish

Budget

$159.3 billion $164.4 billion (2015 est.)

expenditures

$164.4 billion (2015 est.)

revenues

$159.3 billion

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-1.7% of GDP (2015 est.)

Central bank discount rate

0.75% (31 December 2011) 0.75% (31 December 2010)

Commercial bank prime lending rate

3.42% (31 December 2015 est.) 3.62% (31 December 2014 est.)

Current account balance

$20.28 billion (2015 est.) $26.71 billion (2014 est.)

Debt - external

$534.6 billion (31 December 2014 est.) $609.8 billion (31 December 2013 est.)

Distribution of family income - Gini index

24.8 (2011 est.) 24.7 (1992)

Economy - overview

This thoroughly modern market economy features a high-tech agricultural sector, advanced industry with world-leading firms in pharmaceuticals, maritime shipping and renewable energy, and a high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark is a net exporter of food, oil, and gas and enjoys a comfortable balance of payments surplus, but depends on imports of raw materials for the manufacturing sector. Danes enjoy a high standard of living and the Danish economy is characterized by extensive government welfare measures and an equitable distribution of income. An aging population will be a major long-term issue. Denmark is a member of the EU; Danish legislation and regulations conform to EU standards on almost all issues. Despite previously meeting the criteria to join the European Economic and Monetary Union, Denmark has negotiated an opt-out with the EU and is not required to adopt the euro. Within the EU, Denmark is among the strongest supporters of trade liberalization. After a long consumption-driven upswing, Denmark's economy began slowing in 2007 with the end of a housing boom. Housing prices dropped markedly in 2008-09 but, with significant regional differences, have since recovered. Household indebtedness is still relatively high at more than 305% of net disposable income in 2014, while household net worth - from private pension schemes and other assets - amounted to 546% of net disposable income. The global financial crisis exacerbated this cyclical slowdown by increasing domestic borrowing costs and lowering foreign demand for Danish exports. Denmark maintained a healthy budget surplus for many years up to 2008, but the budget balance swung into deficit in 2009. The structural budget deficit has remained below 1% and is estimated at -0.4% in 2016. Denmark is experiencing a lackluster economic recovery, having still not regained the GDP level of 2008. GDP contracted in 2012 and 2013, followed by real growth of 1.3% in 2014, and 1.2% in 2015. The government projects 1.9% growth in 2016, while private sector estimates are about 1% growth. A historically low level of unemployment rose with the economic downturn but the labor market has strengthened since 2013, and unemployment stood at about 4.5% in early 2016, based on the national measure. Productivity growth was significantly below the OECD average in 2012–2014.

Exchange rates

Danish kroner (DKK) per US dollar - 6.7236 (2015 est.) 5.6183 (2014 est.) 5.6125 (2013 est.) 5.79 (2012 est.) 5.3687 (2011 est.)

Exports

$95.97 billion (2015 est.) $111.4 billion (2014 est.)

Exports - commodities

machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products, fish, pharmaceuticals, furniture, windmills

Exports - partners

Germany 17.8%, Sweden 11.6%, US 8.4%, Norway 6.3%, UK 6.3%, Netherlands 4.4%, China 4.2% (2015)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP - composition, by end use

48% 26.1% 19% 0.5% 53.4% -47.2% (2015 est.)

exports of goods and services

53.4%

government consumption

26.1%

household consumption

48%

imports of goods and services

-47.2% (2015 est.)

investment in fixed capital

19%

investment in inventories

0.5%

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

1.1% 23.3% 75.7% (2015 est.)

agriculture

1.1%

industry

23.3%

services

75.7% (2015 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$45,700 (2015 est.) $45,400 (2014 est.) $45,100 (2013 est.) data are in 2015 US dollars

note

data are in 2015 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate

1.2% (2015 est.) 1.3% (2014 est.) -0.2% (2013 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$295 billion (2015 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$258.7 billion (2015 est.) $255.7 billion (2014 est.) $252.5 billion (2013 est.) data are in 2015 US dollars

note

data are in 2015 US dollars

Gross national saving

26.4% of GDP (2015 est.) 25.9% of GDP (2014 est.) 26.4% of GDP (2013 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

1.9% 28.7% (2007)

highest 10%

28.7% (2007)

lowest 10%

1.9%

Imports

$85.02 billion (2015 est.) $101.3 billion (2014 est.)

Imports - commodities

machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods

Imports - partners

Germany 20.4%, Sweden 12.3%, Netherlands 8.1%, China 7.3%, Norway 6.1%, UK 4.4% (2015)

Industrial production growth rate

1.3% (2015 est.)

Industries

iron, steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, food processing, machinery and transportation equipment, textiles and clothing, electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products, shipbuilding and refurbishment, windmills, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

0.5% (2015 est.) 0.6% (2014 est.)

Labor force

2.801 million (2015 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

2.6% 20.3% 77.1% (2011 est.)

agriculture

2.6%

industry

20.3%

services

77.1% (2011 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$224.9 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $179.5 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $231.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Population below poverty line

13.4% (2011 est.)

Public debt

40.2% of GDP (2015 est.) 44.8% of GDP (2014 est.) data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

note

data cover general government debt and include debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$65.19 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $75.38 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Stock of broad money

$181.1 billion (31 December 2014 est.) $189.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$239.2 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $250 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$133.3 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $145.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Stock of domestic credit

$632.9 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $702.3 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Stock of narrow money

$151.9 billion (31 December 2015 est.) $153.7 billion (31 December 2014 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

54% of GDP (2015 est.)

Unemployment rate

4.6% (2015 est.) 5% (2014 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

42 million Mt (2013 est.)

Crude oil - exports

98,430 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - imports

86,480 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - production

156,300 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves

611 million bbl (1 January 2016 es)

Electricity - consumption

32 billion kWh (2014 est.)

Electricity - exports

9.8 billion kWh (2014 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels

56.8% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

0.1% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources

43.1% of total installed capacity (2012 est.)

Electricity - imports

13 billion kWh (2014 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity

14 million kW (2014 est.)

Electricity - production

31 billion kWh (2014 est.)

Electricity access

100% (2016)

electrification - total population

100% (2016)

Natural gas - consumption

3.182 billion cu m (2014 est.)

Natural gas - exports

2.093 billion cu m (2014 est.)

Natural gas - imports

625 million cu m (2014 est.)

Natural gas - production

4.634 billion cu m (2014 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves

29.93 billion cu m (1 January 2016 es)

Refined petroleum products - consumption

154,500 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports

167,800 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports

182,700 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production

189,400 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Broadcast media

strong public-sector TV presence with state-owned Danmarks Radio (DR) operating 6 channels and publicly owned TV2 operating roughly a half-dozen channels; broadcasts of privately owned stations are available via satellite and cable feed; DR operates 4 nationwide FM radio stations, 10 digital audio broadcasting stations, and 14 web-based radio stations; in 2010, there were 140 commercial and 187 community (non-commercial) radio stations

Internet country code

.dk

Internet users

5.377 million 96.3% (July 2015 est.)

percent of population

96.3% (July 2015 est.)

total

5.377 million

Telephone system

excellent telephone and Internet services buried and submarine cables and microwave radio relay form trunk network; multiple mobile-cellular communications systems country code - 45; a series of fiber-optic submarine cables link Denmark with Canada, Faroe Islands, Germany, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and UK; satellite earth stations - 18 (6 Intelsat, 10 Eutelsat, 1 Orion, 1 Inmarsat (Blaavand-Atlantic-East)); note - the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) share the Danish earth station and the Eik, Norway, station for worldwide Inmarsat access (2015)

domestic

buried and submarine cables and microwave radio relay form trunk network; multiple mobile-cellular communications systems

general assessment

excellent telephone and Internet services

international

country code - 45; a series of fiber-optic submarine cables link Denmark with Canada, Faroe Islands, Germany, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and UK; satellite earth stations - 18 (6 Intelsat, 10 Eutelsat, 1 Orion, 1 Inmarsat (Blaavand-Atlantic-East)); note - the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) share the Danish earth station and the Eik, Norway, station for worldwide Inmarsat access (2015)

Telephones - fixed lines

1,694,051 30 (July 2015 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

30 (July 2015 est.)

total subscriptions

1,694,051

Telephones - mobile cellular

7.266 million 130 (July 2015 est.)

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

130 (July 2015 est.)

total

7.266 million

Airports

80 (2013)

Airports - with paved runways

2 (2013)

1,524 to 2,437 m

5

2,438 to 3,047 m

7

914 to 1,523 m

12

over 3,047 m

2

total

28

under 914 m

2 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

47 (2013)

914 to 1,523 m

5

total

52

under 914 m

47 (2013)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

OY (2016)

Merchant marine

bulk carrier 4, cargo 48, carrier 1, chemical tanker 125, container 94, liquefied gas 4, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 40, petroleum tanker 36, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 8, specialized tanker 3 27 (Germany 9, Greenland 1, Norway 2, Sweden 15) 582 (Antigua and Barbuda 20, Bahamas 69, Belgium 4, Brazil 3, Curacao 1, Cyprus 6, Egypt 1, France 11, Gibraltar 7, Hong Kong 42, Isle of Man 30, Italy 4, Jamaica 1, Liberia 8, Lithuania 8, Luxembourg 1, Malaysia 1, Malta 34, Marshall Islands 7, Moldova 1, Netherlands 27, Norway 7, Panama 41, Philippines 2, Portugal 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 9, Singapore 149, Sweden 4, UK 43, Uruguay 1, US 31, Venezuela 1, unknown 4) (2010)

by type

bulk carrier 4, cargo 48, carrier 1, chemical tanker 125, container 94, liquefied gas 4, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 40, petroleum tanker 36, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 8, specialized tanker 3

foreign-owned

27 (Germany 9, Greenland 1, Norway 2, Sweden 15)

registered in other countries

582 (Antigua and Barbuda 20, Bahamas 69, Belgium 4, Brazil 3, Curacao 1, Cyprus 6, Egypt 1, France 11, Gibraltar 7, Hong Kong 42, Isle of Man 30, Italy 4, Jamaica 1, Liberia 8, Lithuania 8, Luxembourg 1, Malaysia 1, Malta 34, Marshall Islands 7, Moldova 1, Netherlands 27, Norway 7, Panama 41, Philippines 2, Portugal 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 9, Singapore 149, Sweden 4, UK 43, Uruguay 1, US 31, Venezuela 1, unknown 4) (2010)

total

367

National air transport system

582,011 0 mt-km (2015)

annual freight traffic on registered air carriers

0 mt-km (2015)

annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers

582,011

inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers

76

number of registered air carriers

10

Pipelines

condensate 11 km; gas 4,377 km; oil 647 km; oil/gas/water 2 km (2013)

Ports and terminals

Baltic Sea - Aarhus, Copenhagen, Fredericia, Kalundborg; North Sea - Esbjerg, Aalborg (Langerak) Ensted (coal) Copenhagen

cruise port(s)

Copenhagen

dry bulk cargo port(s)

Ensted (coal)

major seaport(s)

Baltic Sea - Aarhus, Copenhagen, Fredericia, Kalundborg; North Sea - Esbjerg,

river port(s)

Aalborg (Langerak)

Railways

2,633 km 2,633 km 1.435-m gauge (642 km electrified) (2015)

standard gauge

2,633 km 1.435-m gauge (642 km electrified) (2015)

total

2,633 km

Roadways

74,497 km 74,497 km (includes 1,188 km of expressways) (2016)

paved

74,497 km (includes 1,188 km of expressways) (2016)

total

74,497 km

Waterways

400 km (2010)

Military branches

Defense Command: Army Operational Command, Admiral Danish Fleet, Arctic Command, Tactical Air Command, Home Guard (2010)

Defense Command

Army Operational Command, Admiral Danish Fleet, Arctic Command, Tactical Air Command, Home Guard (2010)

Military expenditures

1.2% of GDP (2015) 1.17% of GDP (2014) 1.37% of GDP (2013) 1.41% of GDP (2012) 1.35% of GDP (2011)

Military service age and obligation

18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists are assigned to mobilization units following completion of their conscript service; women eligible to volunteer for military service (2012)

Disputes - international

Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; sovereignty dispute with Canada over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland; Denmark (Greenland) and Norway have made submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and Russia is collecting additional data to augment its 2001 CLCS submission

Refugees and internally displaced persons

12,988 (Syria) (2015) 6,580 (2015)

refugees (country of origin)

12,988 (Syria) (2015)

stateless persons

6,580 (2015)