1985 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1985 (Internet Archive)
Geography
Airfields
259 total, 238 usable; 104 with permanent-surface runways; 7 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 82 with runways 1,2202,439 m
Branches
Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air Forces, Armed Forces of Cooperation (National Guard), Marines, Coast Guard
Fiscal year
calendar year Communications
Highways
77,785 km total; 22,780 km paved, 24,720 km gravel, 14,450 km earth roads, and 15,835 km unimproved earth
Inland waterways
7,100 km; Orinoco River and Lake Maracaibo accept oceangoing vessels
Military budget
proposed for fiscal year ending 31 December 1983, $1,091 million; about 6.2% of central government budget See region*! map IX South
Military manpower
males 15-49, 4,328,000; 3,287,000 fit for military service; 193,000 reach military age (18) annually
Pipelines
6,370 km crude oil; 480 km refined products; 2,480 km natural gas
Ports
6 major, 17 minor Cit>i7 air: 58 major transport aircraft
Railroads
419 km total; 240 km 1.435-meter standard gauge all single track, government owned; 179km 1.435-meter gauge, privately owned
Telecommunications
modern expanding telecom system; 2 satellite ground stations; 1.38 million telephones (8.5 per 100 popl.); 168 AM, 25 FM, 57 TV stations; 3 submarine coaxial cables; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite station with 2 antennas, and 3 domestic satellite stations Defense Forces