2012 Edition

Background

The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.

Area

948 sq km 948 sq km 0 sq km

total

948 sq km

water

0 sq km

Area - comparative

2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Climate

tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry

Coastline

389 km

Elevation extremes

Caribbean Sea 0 m Flamingo Hill 48 m

highest point

Flamingo Hill 48 m

lowest point

Caribbean Sea 0 m

Environment - current issues

limited natural freshwater resources, private cisterns collect rainwater

Geographic coordinates

21 45 N, 71 35 W

Geography - note

about 40 islands (eight inhabited)

Irrigated land

NA

Land boundaries

0 km

Land use

2.33% 0% 97.67% (2005)

arable land

2.33%

other

97.67% (2005)

permanent crops

0%

Location

two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti

Map references

Central America and the Caribbean

Maritime claims

12 nm 200 nm

exclusive fishing zone

200 nm

territorial sea

12 nm

Natural hazards

frequent hurricanes

Natural resources

spiny lobster, conch

Terrain

low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps

Age structure

22.5% (male 5,313/ female 5,122) 73.4% (male 17,254/ female 16,753) 4.1% (male 840/ female 1,053) (2012 est.)

0-14 years

22.5% (male 5,313/ female 5,122)

15-64 years

73.4% (male 17,254/ female 16,753)

65 years and over

4.1% (male 840/ female 1,053) (2012 est.)

Birth rate

17.44 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate

3 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Education expenditures

NA

Ethnic groups

black 87.6%, white 7.9%, mixed 2.5%, East Indian 1.3%, other 0.7%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Infant mortality rate

11.63 deaths/1,000 live births 14.57 deaths/1,000 live births 8.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

female

8.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

total

11.63 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

English (official)

Life expectancy at birth

79.26 years 76.53 years 82.12 years (2012 est.)

female

82.12 years (2012 est.)

total population

79.26 years

Literacy

age 15 and over has ever attended school 98% 99% 98% (1970 est.)

definition

age 15 and over has ever attended school

female

98% (1970 est.)

male

99%

total population

98%

Major cities - population

GRAND TURK (capital) 6,000 (2009)

Median age

30.9 years 31.2 years 30.6 years (2012 est.)

female

30.6 years (2012 est.)

male

31.2 years

total

30.9 years

Nationality

none none

adjective

none

noun

none

Net migration rate

17.27 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

People - note

destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and the US

Population

46,335 (July 2012 est.)

Population growth rate

3.17% (2012 est.)

Religions

Protestant 72.8% (Baptist 35.8%, Church of God 11.7%, Anglican 10%, Methodist 9.3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 6%), Roman Catholic 11.4%, Jehovah's Witnesses 1.8%, other 14%

Sanitation facility access

urban: 98% of population rural: 94% of population total: 96% of population urban: 2% of population rural: 6% of population total: 4% of population

rural

6% of population

total

4% of population

urban

2% of population

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

11 years 11 years 12 years (2005)

female

12 years (2005)

male

11 years

total

11 years

Sex ratio

1.05 male(s)/female 1.04 male(s)/female 1.03 male(s)/female 0.8 male(s)/female 1.02 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

15-64 years

1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.8 male(s)/female

at birth

1.05 male(s)/female

total population

1.02 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

under 15 years

1.04 male(s)/female

Total fertility rate

1.7 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Urbanization

93% of total population (2010) 1.6% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

rate of urbanization

1.6% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

urban population

93% of total population (2010)

Administrative divisions

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Capital

Grand Turk (Cockburn Town) 21 28 N, 71 08 W UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time) +1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November

daylight saving time

+1hr, begins second Sunday in March; ends first Sunday in November

geographic coordinates

21 28 N, 71 08 W

name

Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)

time difference

UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Constitution

Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution Order 2011

Country name

none Turks and Caicos Islands TCI

abbreviation

TCI

conventional long form

none

conventional short form

Turks and Caicos Islands

Dependency status

overseas territory of the UK

Diplomatic representation from the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Executive branch

Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Damian (Ric) TODD (since 12 September 2011) Premier Rufus EWING (since 13 November 2012) consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly, and the attorney general the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor the UK foreign minister has determined that sufficient progress has been made to reinstate local government under a new constitution coming into effect in October 2012

cabinet

consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly, and the attorney general

chief of state

Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Damian (Ric) TODD (since 12 September 2011)

elections

the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor

head of government

Premier Rufus EWING (since 13 November 2012)

Flag description

blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and displays a conch shell, a spiny lobster, and Turks Head cactus - three common elements of the islands' biota

Government type

NA

Independence

none (overseas territory of the UK)

International organization participation

Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU

Judicial branch

Supreme Court; Court of Appeal

Legal system

mixed legal system of English common law and civil law

Legislative branch

unicameral House of Assembly consisting of 19 seats, 15 elected and 4 appointed by the governor; of elected members, five are elected at large and 10 from single member districts for four year terms last held on 9 November 2012 (next to be held in 2016) percent of vote - NA; seats by party - PNP 8, PDM 7

election results

percent of vote - NA; seats by party - PNP 8, PDM 7

elections

last held on 9 November 2012 (next to be held in 2016)

National anthem

"This Land of Ours" Conrad HOWELL serves as a local anthem; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the Queen" is the official anthem (see United Kingdom)

lyrics/music

Conrad HOWELL

name

"This Land of Ours"

National holiday

Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)

Political parties and leaders

People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Oswald SKIPPINGS]; People's Progressive Party [NA]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Rufus EWING]

Political pressure groups and leaders

NA

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Agriculture - products

corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish

Budget

$417.4 million $408.9 million (2012 est.)

expenditures

$408.9 million (2012 est.)

revenues

$417.4 million

Debt - external

$NA

Economy - overview

The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, offshore financial services, and fishing. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than three-quarters of the 175,000 visitors that arrived in 2004. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.

Exchange rates

the US dollar is used, 1 (2012 est.)

Exports

$169.2 million (2000)

Exports - commodities

lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP - composition by sector

1% 20.8% 78.3% (2012 est.)

agriculture

1%

industry

20.8%

services

78.3% (2012 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$11,500 (2002 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

4.9% (2000 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$NA

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$216 million (2002 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

NA% NA%

highest 10%

NA%

lowest 10%

NA%

Imports

$175.6 million (2000)

Imports - commodities

food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials

Industrial production growth rate

NA%

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

2.5% (2012 est.) 2.2% (2011 est.)

Labor force

4,848 (1990 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services

note

about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services

Population below poverty line

NA%

Unemployment rate

10% (1997 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

38,880 Mt (2010 est.)

Crude oil - exports

0 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Crude oil - imports

0 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Crude oil - production

0 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves

0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)

Electricity - consumption

186 million kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - exports

0 kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels

100% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources

0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - imports

0 kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity

50,000 kW (2009 est.)

Electricity - production

200 million kWh (2009 est.)

Natural gas - consumption

0 cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - exports

0 cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - imports

0 cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - production

0 cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves

0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)

Refined petroleum products - consumption

999 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports

1,042 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Broadcast media

no local terrestrial TV stations, broadcasts from the Bahamas can be received and multi-channel cable and satellite TV services are available; government-run radio network operates alongside private broadcasters with a total of about 15 stations (2007)

Internet country code

.tc

Internet hosts

73,217 (2012)

Telephone system

fully digital system with international direct dialing full range of services available; GSM wireless service available country code - 1-649; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) fiber optic telecommunications submarine cable provides connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

domestic

full range of services available; GSM wireless service available

general assessment

fully digital system with international direct dialing

international

country code - 1-649; the Americas Region Caribbean Ring System (ARCOS-1) fiber optic telecommunications submarine cable provides connectivity to South and Central America, parts of the Caribbean, and the US; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Airports

8 (2012)

Airports - with paved runways

1 (2012)

1,524 to 2,437 m

3

2,438 to 3,047 m

1

914 to 1,523 m

1

total

6

under 914 m

1 (2012)

Airports - with unpaved runways

2 (2012)

total

2

under 914 m

2 (2012)

Ports and terminals

Cockburn Harbour, Grand Turk, Providenciales

Roadways

121 km 24 km 97 km (2003)

total

121 km

unpaved

97 km (2003)

Manpower fit for military service

11,842 11,755 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

11,755 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

11,842

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

342 (2010 est.)

female

342 (2010 est.)

male

338

Military - note

defense is the responsibility of the UK

Disputes - international

have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder

Illicit drugs

transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe