1986 Edition

Agriculture

main crops — bananas, rice, sugarcane, coffee, corn; self-sufficient in basic foods; an illegal producer of cannabis for the international drug trade

main crops — coffee, cocoa, coconuts, timber, tea

Aid

economic — US, including Ex-Im commitments (FY70-84), $394 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF (1970-83), $468 million; Communist countries (1970-84), $5 million; military— US (FY70-84), $37 million

economic — Australia, commitments (1970-83) $4.0 billion; US, including Ex-Im (FY70-84), $219 million; other Western countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1980-84), $6.0 billion

Airfields

132 total, 128 usable; 42 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 18 with runways 1, 220-2,439 m

534 total, 433 usable; 15 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 36 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Branches

Defense Forces of the Republic of Panama (formerly known as the National Guard) includes military ground forces (still designated National Guard), Panamanian Air Force, National Navy, Panama Canal Defense Force, police force, traffic police/ highway patrol, National Department of Investigation, Department of Immigration

executive — National Executive Council; legislature — House of Assembly (109 members); judiciary — court system consists of Supreme Court of Papua New Guinea and various inferior courts (district courts, local courts, children's courts, wardens' courts)

Papua New Guinea Defense Force

Budget

(1984) revenues, $886 million; expenditures, $1.175 billion

(1984) total revenue $518 milliontax revenue $441 million, non-tax $77 million; total expenditures — $698 million, capital $165 million

Capital

Port Moresby

Civil air

16 major transport aircraft

about 15 major transport aircraft

Coastline

about 5,152 km People

Communists

no significant strength

Elections

preferential-type elections for 109-member House of Assembly every five years, last held in June 1982

Electric power

1,200,000 kW capacity (1985); 3.1 billion kWh produced (1985), 1, 420 kWh per capita

750,000 kW capacity (1985); 1.7 billion kWh produced (1985), 511 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

predominantly Melanesian and Papuan; some Negrito, Micronesian, and Polynesian

Exports

$419 million (f.o.b., 1984); petroleum products, bananas, shrimp, sugar

$840 million (f.o.b., 1983); gold ($206 million), copper ($149 million), coffee ($123 million), palm oil ($84 million), logs ($78 million), cocoa ($74 million), copra ($54 million), coconut oil ($43 million), tea ($17 million)

Fiscal year

calendar year Communications

calendar year Communications

Fishing

catch 143,000 metric tons (1983); exports $53.2 million (1984)

GNP

$4.4 billion (1984), $2,159 per capita; real growth (1984), -1.0%

$2.2 billion (1984), $660 per capita; real growth (1984) 2.2% est; 8.5% inflation rate (1985 est.)

Government leaders

Sir Kingsford DIBELA, Governor General (since March 1983); Paias WINGTI, Prime Minister (since November 1985)

Highways

8,530 km total; 2,745 km paved, 3,270 km gravel or crushed stone, 2,515 km improved and unimproved earth

19,200 km total; 640 km paved, 10,960 km gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized soil surface, 7,600 km unimproved earth

Imports

$1.34 billion (f.o.b., 1984); petroleum products, manufactured goods, machinery and transportation equipment, chemicals, foodstuffs

$906 million (f.o.b., 1983); machinery and equipment ($259 million), fuels and lubricants ($186 million), food and live animals ($50 million), chemicals ($71 million), other manufactured ($67 million)

Infant mortality rate

102/1,000(1985)

Inland waterways

800 km navigable by shallow draft vessels; 82 km Panama Canal

10,940 km

Labor force

1.66 million (1980); 732,806 (1980) in salaried employment; 54% agriculture, 25% government, 9% industry and commerce, 8% services Government

Land boundaries

966 km Water

Language

715 indigenous languages; pidgin English in much of the country and Motu in Papua region are lingua franca; English spoken by 1-2% of population

Legal system

based on English common law

Life expectancy

50

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone); maritime limits measured from claimed "archipelagic baselines," which generally connect the outermost points of the outer islands or drying reefs

Literacy

32%

Major industries

food processing, beverages, petroleum products, construction materials, clothing, paper products

sawmilling and timber processing, copper mining (Bougainville), fish canning

Major trade partners

exports— 59. 1 % US, 17% Central America and Caribbean, 16% EC, 8% other; imports— 30% US, 19% Central America and Caribbean, 10% Mexico, 8% Japan, 8% Venezuela, 6% EC, 15% other (1984)

Australia, UK, Japan

Member of

ADB, ANRPC, CIPEC (associate), Commonwealth, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT(de facto), IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, ITU, South Pacific Commission, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Economy

Military budget

for fiscal year beginning 1 January 1985, $99 million; 3.6% of central government budget 500 fcm South Pacific Ocean Coral Sea Sre regional mip X Land 461,691 km2; slightly larger than California; 70% forest, 3% cultivated, 2% pasture, 25% other

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1985, $33.4 million; about 3% of central government budget

Military manpower

males 15-49, 571,000; 393,000 fit for military service; no conscription

males 15-49, 817,000; about 452,000 fit for military service

Monetary conversion rate

1 balboa=US$l (January 1986)

.9009 kina= US$1 (February 1984)

National holiday

Independence Day, 16 September

Nationality

noun — Papua New Guinean(s); adjective — Papua New Guinean

Natural resources

copper, mahogany forests, shrimp

gold, copper, silver, gas

Official name

Papua New Guinea

Pipelines

crude oil, 130km

Political parties

Pangu Party, People's Progress Party, United Party, Papua Besena, National Party, Melanesian Alliance

Political subdivisions

20 provinces

Population

3,395,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.1%

Ports

2 major (Cristobal and Balboa), 8 mi-

5 principal, 9 minor

Railroads

238 km total; 78 km 1.524-meter gauge, 160 km 0.914-meter gauge

none

Religion

over half of population nominally Christian (490,000 Catholic, 320,000 Lutheran, other Protestant sects); remainder indigenous beliefs

Suffrage

universal adult

Supply

dependent on Australia

Telecommunications

domestic and international telecom facilities well developed; connection into Central American microwave net; 2 Atlantic Ocean satellite antennas; 220,000 telephones (10.5 per 100 popl.); 80 AM, 12 TV stations; 1 coaxial submarine cable Defense Forces

Papua New Guinea telecom services are adequate and are being improved; facilities provide radiobroadcast, radiotelephone and telegraph, coastal radio,, aeronautical radio and international radiocommunication services; submarine cables extend from Madang to Australia and Guam; 45,274 telephones (1.5 per 100 popl.); 31 AM, no FM, or TV stations Defense Forces

Type

independent parliamentary state within Commonwealth recognizing Elizabeth II as head of state