1995 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1995 (Project Gutenberg)
Geography
Area
total area: 1.9 sq km land area: 1.9 sq km comparative area: about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Climate
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Coastline
4.1 km
Environment
current issues: NA natural hazards: NA international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea
International disputes
none
Irrigated land
NA sq km
Land boundaries
total 4.4 km, France 4.4 km
Land use
arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 0% forest and woodland: 0% other: 100%
Location
Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy
Map references
Europe
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm
Natural resources
none
Note
second smallest independent state in world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban
Terrain
hilly, rugged, rocky
People and Society
Age structure
0-14 years: 17% (female 2,691; male 2,740) 15-64 years: 63% (female 10,233; male 9,645) 65 years and over: 20% (female 3,939; male 2,267) (July 1995 est.)
Birth rate
10.66 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Death rate
12.12 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Ethnic divisions
French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%
Infant mortality rate
7 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)
Labor force
NA
Languages
French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 77.9 years male: 74.18 years female: 81.8 years (1995 est.)
Literacy
NA%
Nationality
noun: Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s) adjective: Monacan or Monegasque
Net migration rate
8.44 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)
Population
31,515 (July 1995 est.)
Population growth rate
0.7% (1995 est.)
Religions
Roman Catholic 95%
Total fertility rate
1.7 children born/woman (1995 est.)
Government
Administrative divisions
4 quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo
Capital
Monaco
Constitution
17 December 1962
Digraph
MN
Diplomatic representation in US
honorary consulate(s) general: Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico) honorary consulate(s): Dallas, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington, DC
Executive branch
chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since NA November 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Paul DIJOUD (since NA) cabinet: Council of Government; under the authority of the Prince
Flag
two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red
Independence
1419 (rule by the House of Grimaldi)
Judicial branch
Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme)
Legal system
based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch
unicameral
Member of
ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
Names
conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco
National Council (Conseil National)
elections last held 24 and 31 January 1993 (next to be held NA); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (18 total) Campora List 15, Medecin List 2, independent 1
National holiday
National Day, 19 November
Political parties and leaders
National and Democratic Union (UND); Campora List, Anne-Marie CAMPORA; Medecin List, Jean-Louis MEDECIN
Suffrage
25 years of age; universal
Type
constitutional monarchy
US diplomatic representation
no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France, is accredited to Monaco
Economy
Agriculture
none
Budget
revenues: $424 million expenditures: $376 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1991 est.)
Currency
1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes
Economic aid
$NA
Electricity
capacity: 10,000 kW standby; power imported from France production: NA kWh consumption per capita: NA kWh (1993)
Exchange rates
French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.9243 (January 1995), 5.520 (1994), 5.6632 (1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990)
Exports
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
External debt
$NA
Fiscal year
calendar year
Imports
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France
Industrial production
growth rate NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
NA%
National product
GDP - purchasing power parity - $558 million (1993 est.)
National product per capita
$18,000 (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate
NA%
Overview
Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. About 50% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan suburbs.
Unemployment rate
NEGL%
Communications
Radio
broadcast stations: AM 3, FM 4, shortwave 0 radios: NA
Telephone system
38,200 telephones; automatic telephone system local: NA intercity: NA international: no satellite links; served by cable into the French communications system
Television
broadcast stations: 5 televisions: NA
Transportation
Airports
linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service
Highways
none; city streets
Merchant marine
none
Ports
Monaco
Railroads
total: 1.7 km standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge
Military and Security
Note
defense is the responsibility of France ________________________________________________________________________ MONGOLIA