1987 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1987 (Internet Archive)
Geography
Climate
Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers
Coastline
4.1 km
Comparative area
about one-hundredth the size of Washington, D.C.
Environment
almost entirely urban
Land boundary
3.7 km with France
Land use
0% arable land; 0% permanent crops; 0% meadows and pastures; 0% forest and woodland; 100% other
Special notes
second smallest independent state in world (after Vatican City)
Terrain
hilly, rugged, rocky
Territorial sea
12 nm
Total area
1.9 km?; land area: 1.9 km?
People and Society
Ethnic divisions
47% French, 16% Monegasque, 16% Italian, 21% other
Language
French (official), English, Italian, Monegarque
Literacy
99%
Nationality
noun—Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s); adjective—Monacan or Monegasque
Population
28,641 (July 1987), average annual growth rate 0.99%
Religion
95% Roman Catholicism
Government
Administrative divisions
1] commune composed of 4 communal sectors
Branches
legislative branch is composed of the Prince and National Council of 18 members; executive consists of the Prince as Chief of State, the Minister of State as Head of Government (senior French civil servant appointed by Prince), and the Council of Government as Cabinet; judicial authority is delegated by the Prince to the Supreme Tribunal
Elections
National Council every five years; national election held January 1983; municipal election held February 1983 Politica] parties and leaders: National and Democratic Union (UND), Democratic Union Movement (MUD), Monaco Action, Monegasque Socialist Party (PSM)
Government leader
Prince RAINIER III, Chief of State (since November 1949)
Legal system
based on French law; new constitution adopted 1962; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Member of
IAEA, ICAO, IHO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, ITU, UN (permanent observer), UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
National holiday
19 November
Official name
Principality of Monaco
Suffrage
universal adult
Type
constitutional monarchy Capital; Monaco
Voting strength
National Council—UND 18 seats
Economy
Electric power
8,000 kW standby capacity (1986); power supplied by France
GNP
55% tourism; 25-30% industry (small and primarily tourist oriented); 10-15% registration fees and sales of postage stamps; about 4% traceable to the Monte Carlo casino
Major industries
chemicals, food processing, precision instruments, glass making, printing
Trade
full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EC market system through customs union with