1995 Edition

Area

total area: 28,050 sq km land area: 28,050 sq km comparative area: slightly larger than Maryland

Climate

tropical; always hot, humid

Coastline

296 km

Environment

current issues: tap water is not potable; desertification natural hazards: violent windstorms international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban; signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea

International disputes

maritime boundary dispute with Gabon because of disputed sovereignty over islands in Corisco Bay

Irrigated land

NA sq km

Land boundaries

total 539 km, Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km

Land use

arable land: 8% permanent crops: 4% meadows and pastures: 4% forest and woodland: 51% other: 33%

Location

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cameroon and Gabon

Map references

Africa

Maritime claims

exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm

Natural resources

timber, petroleum, small unexploited deposits of gold, manganese, uranium

Note

insular and continental regions rather widely separated

Terrain

coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic

Age structure

0-14 years: 43% (female 90,404; male 90,997) 15-64 years: 53% (female 117,124; male 105,724) 65 years and over: 4% (female 8,969; male 7,075) (July 1995 est.)

Birth rate

40.22 births/1,000 population (1995 est.)

Death rate

14.36 deaths/1,000 population (1995 est.)

Ethnic divisions

Bioko (primarily Bubi, some Fernandinos), Rio Muni (primarily Fang), Europeans less than 1,000, mostly Spanish

Infant mortality rate

100.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1995 est.)

Labor force

172,000 (1986 est.) by occupation: agriculture 66%, services 23%, industry 11% (1980) note: labor shortages on plantations

Languages

Spanish (official), pidgin English, Fang, Bubi, Ibo

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 52.56 years male: 50.39 years female: 54.79 years (1995 est.)

Literacy

age 15 and over can read and write (1983) total population: 62% male: 77% female: 48%

Nationality

noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s) adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean

Net migration rate

0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1995 est.)

Population

420,293 (July 1995 est.)

Population growth rate

2.59% (1995 est.)

Religions

nominally Christian and predominantly Roman Catholic, pagan practices

Total fertility rate

5.23 children born/woman (1995 est.)

Administrative divisions

7 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas

Capital

Malabo

Constitution

new constitution 17 November 1991

Digraph

EK

Diplomatic representation in US

chief of mission: (vacant); Charge d'Affaires ad interim Teodoro Biyogo NSUE chancery: (temporary) 57 Magnolia Avenue, Mount Vernon, NY 10553 telephone: [1] (914) 738-9584, 667-6913

Executive branch

chief of state: President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO (since 3 August 1979); election last held 25 June 1989 (next to be held 25 June 1996); results - President Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO was reelected without opposition head of government: Prime Minister Silvestre SIALE BILEKA (since 17 January 1992); Vice Prime Minister Anatolio NDONG MBA (since November 1993) cabinet: Council of Ministers; appointed by the president

FAX

[1] (914) 667-6838

[240] (9) 21-64

Flag

three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six yellow six-pointed stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield bearing a silk-cotton tree and below which is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)

House of People's Representatives

(Camara de Representantes del Pueblo) elections last held 21 November 1993; seats - (82 total) PDGE 72, various opposition parties 10

Independence

12 October 1968 (from Spain)

Judicial branch

Supreme Tribunal

Legal system

partly based on Spanish civil law and tribal custom

Legislative branch

unicameral

Member of

ACCT, ACP, AfDB, BDEAC, CEEAC, ECA, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS (associate), ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT (nonsignatory user), INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, UDEAC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO

Names

conventional long form: Republic of Equatorial Guinea conventional short form: Equatorial Guinea local long form: Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial local short form: Guinea Ecuatorial former: Spanish Guinea

National holiday

Independence Day, 12 October (1968)

Political parties and leaders

ruling party: Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea (PDGE), Brig. Gen. (Ret.) Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO, party leader opposition parties: Progressive Democratic Alliance (ADP), Antonio-Ebang Mbele Abang, president; Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea (APGE),Casiano Masi Edu, leader; Liberal Democratic Convention (CLD), Alfonso Nsue MOKUY, president; Convergence for Social Democracy (CPDS),Santiago Obama Ndong, president; Social Democratic and Popular Convergence (CSDP), Secundino Oyono Agueng Ada, general secretary; Party of the Social Democratic Coalition (PCSD), Buenaventura Moswi M'Asumu, general coordinater; Liberal Party (PL), leaders unknown; Party of Progress (PP), Severo MOTO Nsa, president; Social Democratic Party (PSD), Benjamin-Gabriel Balingha Balinga Alene, general secretary; Socialist Party of Equatorial Guinea (PSGE), Tomas MICHEBE Fernandez, general secretary; National Democratic Union (UDENA), Jose MECHEBA Ikaka, president; Democratic Social Union (UDS), Jesus Nze Obama Avomo, general secretary; Popular Union (UP), Juan Bitui, president

Suffrage

universal adult at age NA

Type

republic in transition to multiparty democracy

US diplomatic representation

chief of mission: Charge d'Affaires Joseph P. O'NEILL embassy: Calle de Los Ministros, Malabo mailing address: P.O. Box 597, Malabo telephone: [240] (9) 21-85, 24-06, 25-07

Agriculture

accounts for almost 50% of GDP, cash crops - timber and coffee from Rio Muni, cocoa from Bioko; food crops - rice, yams, cassava, bananas, oil palm nuts, manioc, livestock

Budget

revenues: $32.5 million expenditures: $35.9 million, including capital expenditures of $3 million (1992 est.)

Currency

1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

Economic aid

recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY81-89), $14 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $130 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $55 million

Electricity

capacity: 23,000 kW production: 20 million kWh consumption per capita: 50 kWh (1993)

Exchange rates

Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 529.43 (January 1995), 555.20 (1994), 273,16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990) note: beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948

Exports

$56 million (f.o.b., 1993) commodities: coffee, timber, cocoa beans partners: Spain 55.2%, Nigeria 11.4%, Cameroon 9.1% (1992)

External debt

$260 million (1992 est)

Fiscal year

1 April - 31 March

Imports

$62 million (c.i.f., 1993) commodities: petroleum, food, beverages, clothing, machinery partners: Cameroon 23.1%, Spain 21.8%, France 14.1%, US 4.3% (1992)

Industrial production

growth rate 11.3% (1993 est.)

Industries

fishing, sawmilling

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

1.6% (1992 est.)

National product

GDP - purchasing power parity - $280 million (1993 est.)

National product per capita

$700 (1993 est.)

National product real growth rate

7.3% (1993 est.)

Overview

Agriculture, forestry, and fishing account for about half of GDP and nearly all exports. Subsistence farming predominates. Although pre-independence Equatorial Guinea counted on cocoa production for hard currency earnings, the deterioration of the rural economy under successive brutal regimes has diminished potential for agriculture-led growth. A number of aid programs sponsored by the World Bank and the international donor community have failed to revitalize export agriculture. Businesses for the most part are owned by government officials and their family members. Commerce accounts for about 8% of GDP and the construction, public works, and service sectors for about 38%. Undeveloped natural resources include titanium, iron ore, manganese, uranium, and alluvial gold. Oil exploration, taking place under concessions offered to US, French, and Spanish firms, has been moderately successful. Increased production from recently discovered natural gas fields will provide a greater share of exports in 1995.

Unemployment rate

NA%

Radio

broadcast stations: AM 2, FM 0, shortwave 0 radios: NA

Telephone system

2,000 telephones; poor system with adequate government services local: NA intercity: NA international: international communications from Bata and Malabo to African and European countries; 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT earth station

Television

broadcast stations: 1 televisions: NA

Airports

total: 3 with paved runways 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 with paved runways 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 with paved runways under 914 m: 1

Highways

total: 2,760 km (2,460 km on Rio Muni and 300 km on Bioko) paved: NA unpaved: NA

Merchant marine

total: 2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 6,412 GRT/6,699 DWT ships by type: cargo 1, passenger-cargo 1

Ports

Bata, Luba, Malabo

Railroads

total: 0 km

Branches

Army, Navy, Air Force, Rapid Intervention Force, National Police

Defense expenditures

exchange rate conversion - $2.5 million, NA% of GDP (FY93/94) ________________________________________________________________________ ERITREA

Manpower availability

males age 15-49 89,752; males fit for military service 45,611 (1995 est.)