Equatorial Guinea

Equatorial Guinea consists of a continental territory and five inhabited islands; it is one of the smallest countries by area and population in Africa. The mainland region was most likely predominantly inhabited by Pygmy ethnic groups prior to the migration of various Bantu-speaking ethnic groups around the second millennium BC. The island of Bioko, the largest of Equatorial Guinea’s five inhabited islands and the location of the country’s capital of Malabo, has been occupied since at least 1000 B.C. In the early 1470s, Portuguese explorers landed on Bioko Island, and Portugal soon after established control of the island and other areas of modern Equatorial Guinea. In 1778, Portugal ceded its colonial hold over present-day Equatorial Guinea to Spain in the Treaty of El Pardo. The borders of modern-day Equatorial Guinea would evolve between 1778 and 1968 as the area remained under European colonial rule.<br><br>In 1968, Equatorial Guinea was granted independence from Spain and elected Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA as its first president. MACIAS consolidated power soon after his election and ruled brutally for over a decade. Under his regime, Equatorial Guinea experienced mass suppression, purges, and killings. Some estimates indicate that a third of the population either went into exile or was killed under MACIAS’ rule. In 1979, present-day President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo, then a senior military officer, deposed MACIAS in a violent coup. OBIANG has ruled since and has been elected in non-competitive contests several times, most recently in 2022. The president exerts near-total control over the political system. <br><br>Equatorial Guinea experienced rapid economic growth in the early years of the 21st century due to the discovery of large offshore oil reserves in 1996. Production peaked in 2004 and has declined since. The country's economic windfall from oil production resulted in massive increases in government revenue, a significant portion of which was earmarked for infrastructure development. Systemic corruption, however, has hindered socio-economic development, and the population has seen only limited improvements to living standards. Equatorial Guinea continues to seek to diversify its economy, increase foreign investment, and assume a greater role in regional and international affairs.&amp;nbsp

Land

28,051 sq km

Total

28,051 sq km

Water

0 sq km

slightly smaller than Maryland

tropical; always hot, humid

296 km

Africa

Highest point

Pico Basile 3,008 m

Lowest point

Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Mean elevation

577 m

2 00 N, 10 00 E

insular and continental regions widely separated; despite its name, no part of the equator passes through Equatorial Guinea -- the mainland part of the country is located just north of the equator

NA

Border countries

Cameroon 183 km; Gabon 345 km

number of neighbors

2

Total

528 km

Agricultural land

3.7% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 1.9% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 1.7% (2023 est.)

Agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 0.2% (2023 est.)

arable land

1.89%

Forest

86.4% (2023 est.)

Other

9.9% (2023 est.)

permanent crops

1.67%

No

Central Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and Gabon

Google Maps

https://goo.gl/maps/ucWfFd8aW1FbGMva9

OpenStreetMap

https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/192791

Africa

Exclusive economic zone

200 nm

Territorial sea

12 nm

violent windstorms; flash floods <br><br><strong>volcanism:</strong> Santa Isabel (3,007 m), which last erupted in 1923, is the country's only historically active volcano; Santa Isabel and two dormant volcanoes form Bioko Island in the Gulf of Guinea

petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay

the two large cities are Bata on the mainland and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko; small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands, as shown in this population distribution map

Middle Africa

coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic

UTC+01:00

number of time zones

1

0-14 years

35.6% (male 330,636/female 309,528)

15-64 years

59.4% (male 585,139/female 481,121)

65 years and over

5% (2024 est.) (male 46,610/female 42,800)

Beer

3.83 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Other alcohols

0.05 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Spirits

0.99 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Total

6.11 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Wine

1.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

28.55 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

8.81 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

adult female

201 per 1,000

adult male

261 per 1,000

Elderly dependency ratio

8.4 (2024 est.)

Potential support ratio

11.9 (2024 est.)

Total dependency ratio

68.4 (2024 est.)

Youth dependency ratio

60 (2024 est.)

Fang 78.1%, Bubi 9.4%, Ndowe 2.8%, Nanguedambo 2.7%, Bisio 0.9%, foreigner 5.3%, other 0.7%, unspecified 0.2% (2011 est.)

1.99 (2025 est.)

3 % of GDP

Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

3.4% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

4.4% of national budget (2022 est.)

Female

71.3 deaths/1,000 live births

Male

83.3 deaths/1,000 live births

neonatal

27 deaths/1,000 live births

Total

76.9 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Languages

Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Fa d'Ambo spoken in Annobon) 32.4% (1994 est.)

Major-language sample(s)

<br>La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)<br><br>The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

number of languages

3

Female

66.2 years

Male

61.6 years

Total population

63.9 years (2024 est.)

297,000 MALABO (capital) (2018)

174 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Female

21.5 years

Male

22.7 years

Total

22.3 years (2025 est.)

150 births/1,000 women 15-19

Adjective

Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean

Noun

Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)

11.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

8% (2016)

0.15 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Female

833,449

Male

962,385

Total

1,795,834 (2024 est.)

3.1% (2025 est.)

Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)

0-14 years

1.07 male(s)/female

15-64 years

1.22 male(s)/female

65 years and over

1.09 male(s)/female

At birth

1.03 male(s)/female

Total population

1.16 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

4.05 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Rate of urbanization

3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Urban population

74.4% of total population (2023)

measles

53%

8 provinces (<em>provincias</em>, singular - <em>provincia</em>); Annobon, Bioko Norte, Bioko Sur, Centro Sur, Djibloho, Kie-Ntem, Litoral, Wele-Nzas

Etymology

English settlers who founded the city in 1827 named it Port Clarence after the Duke of CLARENCE; the Spanish renamed it Santa Isabel in 1843, for Queen ISABELLA II of Spain; it was renamed again in 1973 after King MALABO (1837&ndash;1937), the last king of the Bubi (local ethnic group)

Geographic coordinates

3 45 N, 8 47 E

Name

Malabo; note - Malabo is on the island of Bioko; some months of the year, the government operates out of Bata on the mainland region.

Time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Citizenship by birth

no

Citizenship by descent only

at least one parent must be a citizen of Equatorial Guinea

Dual citizenship recognized

no

Residency requirement for naturalization

10 years

svg

https://mainfacts.com/media/images/coats_of_arms/gq.svg

Amendment process

proposed by the president of the republic or supported by three fourths of the membership in either house of the National Assembly; passage requires three-fourths majority vote by both houses of the Assembly and approval in a referendum if requested by the president

History

previous 1968, 1973, 1982; approved by referendum 17 November 1991

alternative spellings

GQ, Republic of Equatorial Guinea, República de Guinea Ecuatorial, République de Guinée équatoriale, República da Guiné Equatorial

Conventional long form

Republic of Equatorial Guinea

Conventional short form

Equatorial Guinea

Etymology

the country is named for the Guinea region of West Africa that lies along the Gulf of Guinea and stretches north to the Sahel; the "equatorial" refers to the fact that the country lies just north of the Equator

FIFA code

EQG

Former

Spanish Guinea

Local long form

Republica de Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/ R&eacute;publique de Guin&eacute;e &eacute;quatoriale (French)

local long form (fra)

République de la Guinée Équatoriale

Local short form

Guinea Ecuatorial (Spanish)/Guin&eacute;e &eacute;quatoriale (French)

Chief of mission

Ambassador David R. GILMOUR (since 24 May 2022)

Email address and website

<br>Malaboconsular@state.gov<br><br>https://gq.usembassy.gov/

Embassy

Malabo II Highway (between the Headquarters of Sonagas and the offices of the United Nations), Malabo

Mailing address

2320 Malabo Place, Washington, DC 20521-2520

Telephone

[240] 333 09-57-41

Chancery

2020 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009

Chief of mission

Ambassador Dr. Crisantos OBAMA ONDO (since 27 February 2024)

Consulate(s) general

Houston

Email address and website

<br>info@egembassydc.com<br><br>https://www.egembassydc.com/

FAX

[1] (202) 518-5252

Telephone

[1] (202) 518-5700

Cabinet

Council of Ministers appointed by the president and overseen by the prime minister

Chief of state

President OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (since 3 August 1979)

Election results

<em><br>2022: </em>OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 95%, other 6.1%<br><br><em>2016: </em>OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo reelected president; percent of vote - OBIANG Nguema Mbasogo (PDGE) 93.5%, other 6.5%

Election/appointment process

president directly elected by simple-majority popular vote for a 7-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister and deputy prime ministers appointed by the president

Expected date of next election

2029

Head of government

Prime Minister Manuel Osa Nsue Nsua (since 17 August 2024)

Most recent election date

20 November 2022

<strong>description:</strong> three equal horizontal bands of green (top), white, and red, with a blue isosceles triangle based on the left side and the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms has six six-pointed yellow stars (representing the mainland and five offshore islands) above a gray shield with a silk-cotton tree; below is a scroll with the motto UNIDAD, PAZ, JUSTICIA (Unity, Peace, Justice)<br><br><strong>meaning:</strong> green stands for the jungle and natural resources, blue for the sea, white for peace, and red for the fight for independence

The flag of Equatorial Guinea is composed of three equal horizontal bands of green, white and red with the national coat of arms centered in the white band and an isosceles triangle superimposed on the hoist side of the field. The triangle is light blue, has its base on the hoist end and spans about one-fifth the width of the field.

svg

https://flagcdn.com/gq.svg

presidential republic

12 October 1968 (from Spain)

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, CPLP, FAO, Francophonie, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITSO, ITU, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)

Highest court(s)

Supreme Court of Justice (consists of the President of the Supreme Court and nine judges organized into civil, criminal, commercial, labor, administrative, and customary sections); Constitutional Court (consists of the court president and 4 members)

Judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court judges appointed by the president for five-year terms; Constitutional Court members appointed by the president, 2 of whom are nominated by the Chamber of Deputies

Subordinate courts

Court of Guarantees; military courts; Courts of Appeal; first instance tribunals; district and county tribunals

mixed system of civil and customary law

Legislative structure

bicameral

Legislature name

Parliament (Parlamento)

Chamber name

Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de los Diputados)

Electoral system

proportional representation

Expected date of next election

November 2027

Most recent election date

11/20/2022

Number of seats

100 (all directly elected)

Parties elected and seats per party

Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE) and its allies (100)

Percentage of women in chamber

31%

Scope of elections

full renewal

Term in office

5 years

Chamber name

Senate (Senado)

Electoral system

proportional representation

Expected date of next election

November 2027

Most recent election date

11/20/2022

Number of seats

70 (55 directly elected; 15 appointed)

Parties elected and seats per party

Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea (PDGE) and its allies (55)

Percentage of women in chamber

25%

Scope of elections

full renewal

Term in office

5 years

the national symbol, the silk cotton tree, is in the center of the coat of arms; the tree represents the location where the first treaty was signed between local rulers and the Portuguese; the stars above the tree symbolize the mainland and the five offshore islands; a ribbon below the shield displays the national motto, &ldquo;Unidad, Paz, Justicia&rdquo; (Unity, Peace, Justice)

green, white, red, blue

Independence Day, 12 October (1968)

silk cotton tree

Center Right Union or UCD<br>Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS <br>Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE <br>Liberal Democratic Convention or CLD <br>Liberal Party or PL <br>National Congress of Equatorial Guinea (CNGE) <br>National Democratic Party (PNDGE) <br>National Democratic Union or UDENA <br>National Union for Democracy PUNDGE <br>Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE <br>Popular Union or UP <br>Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP <br>Social and Popular Convergence Party or CSDP <br>Social Democratic Coalition Party (PCSD) <br>Social Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea or PSDGE <br>Social Democratic Union or UDS <br>Socialist Party of Equatorial Guinea 

Monday

18 years of age; universal

Yes

sweet potatoes, cassava, plantains, oil palm fruit, root vegetables, bananas, coconuts, coffee, cocoa beans, chicken (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Expenditures

$2.051 billion (2022 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Revenues

$3.62 billion (2022 est.)

code

XAF

name

Central African CFA franc (XAF) [Fr]

growing CEMAC economy and new OPEC member; large oil and gas reserves; targeting economic diversification and poverty reduction; still recovering from CEMAC crisis; improving public financial management; persistent poverty; hard-hit by COVID-19

Currency

Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2020

575.586 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

554.531 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

623.76 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

606.57 (2023 est.)

Exchange rates 2024

606.345 (2024 est.)

$4.49 billion

Exports 2022

$7.25 billion (2022 est.)

Exports 2023

$4.516 billion (2023 est.)

Exports 2024

$4.489 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<strong>note: </strong>GDP expenditure basis - exports of goods and services in current dollars

crude petroleum, natural gas, alcohols, wood, scrap iron (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars

China 27%, Netherlands 12%, Spain 10%, Italy 7%, Germany 6% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

net inflows

$188.01 million

Exports of goods and services

35.2% (2024 est.)

Government consumption

28.3% (2024 est.)

Household consumption

52.9% (2024 est.)

Imports of goods and services

-25.4% (2024 est.)

Investment in fixed capital

9.1% (2024 est.)

Investment in inventories

-0.1% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Agriculture

3.1% (2024 est.)

Industry

45.8% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Services

51.1% (2024 est.)

$12.766 billion (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate

$6,745

39 index

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022

38.5 (2022 est.)

Note

<strong>note:</strong> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

$8.96 billion

$4,740

9 % of GDP

Highest 10%

29.1% (2022 est.)

Lowest 10%

2.6% (2022 est.)

Note

<strong>note:</strong> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

$3.24 billion

Imports 2022

$3.948 billion (2022 est.)

Imports 2023

$3.065 billion (2023 est.)

Imports 2024

$3.24 billion (2024 est.)

Note

<strong>note: </strong>GDP expenditure basis - imports of goods and services in current dollars

ships, poultry, plastic products, beer, valves (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars

China 20%, Spain 17%, USA 10%, Gabon 5%, UK 5% (2023)

note

<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

0.8% (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

petroleum, natural gas, sawmilling

2.92%

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020

4.8% (2020 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021

-0.1% (2021 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

4.8% (2022 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices

715,000 (2024 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

total

737,977 persons

agriculture

55.32%

industry

9.93%

services

34.75%

50.7%

Public debt 2016

43.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

$33.25 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$30.539 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$28.985 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$29.248 billion (2024 est.)

0.91%

Note

<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency

Real GDP growth rate 2022

3.2% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

-5.1% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

0.9% (2024 est.)

$17,567

Note

<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2022

$16,900 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$15,700 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$15,500 (2024 est.)

Note

<strong>note:</strong> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Remittances 2021

0% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

0% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

0% of GDP (2023 est.)

$1.54 billion

Note

<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021

$44.271 million (2021 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$1.458 billion (2022 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023

$1.538 billion (2023 est.)

26 % of GDP

7 % of GDP

6.6% (of GDP) (2022 est.)

note

<b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

8.34%

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment

Unemployment rate 2022

8.5% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

8.4% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

7.9% (2024 est.)

Female

15.7% (2024 est.)

Male

13.9% (2024 est.)

Note

<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Total

14.7% (2024 est.)

Imports

8 metric tons (2023 est.)

Consumption

1.402 billion kWh (2023 est.)

consumption per capita

745 kWh

Installed generating capacity

349,000 kW (2023 est.)

Transmission/distribution losses

170.527 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electrification - rural areas

1.4%

Electrification - total population

67% (2022 est.)

Electrification - urban areas

89.8%

Fossil fuels

68.6% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

hydroelectric

31.25%

Hydroelectricity

31.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

nuclear

0%

renewable

8.8%

1,284 kg of oil equivalent

Total energy consumption per capita 2023

54.509 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Consumption

2.332 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Exports

3.63 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Production

6.013 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)

Proven reserves

139.007 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Crude oil estimated reserves

1.1 billion barrels (2021 est.)

Refined petroleum consumption

6,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Total petroleum production

98,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

4.2%

per 100 inhabitants

0 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2022 est.) less than 1

Total

2,000 (2022 est.)

the state maintains control of broadcast media; 1 state-owned TV station, 1 private TV station owned by the president's eldest son, 1 state-owned radio station, and 1 private radio station owned by the president's eldest son; satellite TV service is available; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are generally accessible (2019)

.gq

Percent of population

60% (2023 est.)

+240

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

1 (2022 est.) less than 1

Total subscriptions

11,000 (2022 est.)

subscriptions per 100

50 per 100

Subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

50 (2022 est.)

Total subscriptions

893,441 (2022 est.)

passengers carried

118,427 passengers

registered carrier departures

3,063 departures

7 (2025)

3C

Right

By type

bulk carrier 1, general cargo 16, oil tanker 7, other 29

Total

53 (2023)

Key ports

Bata, Ceiba Terminal, Cogo, Luba, Malabo, Punta Europa Terminal, Serpentina Terminal

Large

0

Medium

0

Ports with oil terminals

6

Small

1

Total ports

7 (2024)

Very small

6

GQ

the Armed Forces of Equatorial Guinea (FAGE) are responsible for defending the territory and sovereignty of the country; the FAGE also has some internal security duties, including fulfilling some police functions in border areas, sensitive sites, and high-traffic areas; maritime security, particularly protecting offshore oil installations and combating piracy and crime in the Gulf of Guinea, is a key priority (2025)

Equatorial Guinea Armed Forces (Fuerzas Armadas de Guinea Ecuatorial, FAGE): Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie (Guardia Civil) (2025)

active duty personnel

1,000

note

<strong>note:</strong> the National Police report to the Ministry of National Security, while the Gendarmerie reports to the Ministry of National Defense; police generally are responsible for maintaining law and order in the cities, while gendarmes are responsible for security outside cities and for special events

percent of total labor force

0.16 %

estimated 2,000 active Armed Forces, including Gendarmerie (2025)

the FAGE is armed with mostly older (typically Soviet-era) and secondhand weapons systems; in recent years, it has sought to modernize its naval inventory with purchases of vessels from several countries, including Bulgaria and Israel; China and Russia have also supplied some equipment to the FAGE (2025)

1 % of GDP

current USD

$113,135,238

Military Expenditures 2020

1.6% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military Expenditures 2021

1.3% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military Expenditures 2022

1.3% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military Expenditures 2023

1.6% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military Expenditures 2024

1% of GDP (2024)

percent of central government expenditure

4.72 %

percent of GDP

0.98 % of GDP

18-25 for voluntary military service; selective compulsory military service for men; 24-month service obligation (2025)

Refugees

5 (2024 est.)

From coal and metallurgical coke

1 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From consumed natural gas

4.575 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

From petroleum and other liquids

896,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Total emissions

5.471 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

deforestation (agricultural expansion, fires, and grazing); desertification; water pollution; tap water non-potable; wildlife preservation

Party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

Signed, but not ratified

Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban

Agriculture

0.4 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Energy

129.8 kt (2022-2024 est.)

Other

2.2 kt (2019-2021 est.)

Waste

10 kt (2019-2021 est.)

26.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

2 % of total land area

-24 % of total

26 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

0 % of internal resources

Agricultural

1 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Industrial

3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Municipal

15.8 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Municipal solid waste generated annually

198,400 tons (2024 est.)

Percent of municipal solid waste recycled

23.9% (2022 est.)