1985 Edition

Agriculture

highly intensive, specializes in dairying and animal husbandry; main crops — cereals, root crops; food imports — oilseed, grain, animal feedstuffs

Aid

donor — economic aid commitments (ODA and OOF) $2.7 billion (1970-82)

Airfields

132 total, 117 usable; 24 with permanent-surface runways; 9 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 7 with runways 1,2202,439 m

Branches

Czechoslovak People's Army, Frontier Guard, Air and Air Defense Forces

legislative authority rests jointly with Crown and parliament (Folketing); executive power vested in Crown but exercised by Cabinet responsible to parliament; Supreme Court, 2 superior courts, 106 lower courts

Royal Danish Army, Royal Danish Navy, Royal Danish Air Force

Budget

(1984) expenditures, $24.8 billion; revenues, $18.5 billion

Capital

Copenhagen

Civil air

58 major transport aircraft

Coastline

3,379 km People

Crude steel

0.6 million metric tons produced (1981), 117 kg per capita

Elections

on call of prime minister but at least every four years (last election lOJanuary 1984) Political parties and leaders: Social Democratic, Anker J0rgensen; Liberal, Uffe Ellemann-Jensen; Conservative, Poul Schliiter; Radical Liberal, Niels Helveg Petersen; Socialist People's, Gert Petersen; Communist, Jorgen Jensen; Left Socialist, Preben Wilnjelm; Center Democratic, Erhard Jakobsen; Christian People's, Christian Christensen; Justice, Poul Gerhard Kristiansen; Trade and Industry Party, Asger J. Lindinger; Progress Party also known now Denmark (continued) as Free Democratic Party, Mogens Glistrup); Socialist Workers Party, no chairman; Communist Workers' Party (KAP), Benito Scocozza

Electric power

9,1 19,000 kW capacity (1984); 21.873 billion kWh produced (1984), 4,279 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

Scandinavian, Eskimo, Faroese, German

Exports

$16.0 billion (f.o.b., 1983); principal items — meat, dairy products, industrial machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing, chemical products, transport equipment, fish, furs, furniture

Fiscal year

calendar year

calendar year, beginning 1 January Communications

Fishing

catch 1.93 million metric tons (1982), exports $750 million, imports $295 million (1981)

Freight carried

rail — 288.7 million metric tons, 71.6 billion metric ton/km (1982); highway 1,281.2 million metric tons, 20.9 billion metric ton/km (1982); waterway 11. 4 million metric tons, 3.8 billion metric ton/km (excluding international transit traffic) (1982)

GNP

$56.4 billion (1983), $1 1,026 per capita; 56% private consumption, 12.4% private investment, 28% government consumption, 3% government investment; 0.6% net exports of goods and services; 1983 growth rate, 2.5%

Government leaders

MARGRETHE II, Queen (since January 1972); Poul SCHLUTER, Prime Minister (since September 1982)

Highways

73,881 km total; 60,582 km concrete, asphalt, stone block; 13,299 km gravel, crushed stone (1982)

approximately 66,482 km total; 64,551 km concrete, bitumen, or stone block; 1,931 km gravel, crushed stone, improved earth

Imports

$16.3 billion (c.i.f., 1983); principal items — industrial machinery, transport equipment, petroleum, textile fibers and yarns, iron and steel products, chemicals, grain and feedstuffs, wood and paper •

Inland waterways

475 km (1982)

417 km

Labor force

2,700,000 (1983 average); 34. 1 % social services; 21% manufacturing; 13.3% commerce; 8.2% agriculture, forestry, and fishing; 7.9% construction; 7.0% banking and business services; 6.8% transportation; 9.2% unemployment rate

Land boundaries

68 km Water

Language

Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Eskimo dialect); small German-speaking minority

Legal system

civil law system; constitution adopted 1953; judicial review of legislative acts; legal education at Universities of Copenhagen and Arhus; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

3 nm (fishing 200 nm)

Literacy

99%

Major industries

food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and clothing, chemical products, electronics, transport equipment, metal products, bricks and mortar, furniture and other wood products

Major trade partners

1982 exports— 47.7% EC, 17.4% FRG, 14.1% UK, 10.9% Sweden, 6.5% Norway, 6% US

Member of

ADB, Council of Europe, DAC, EC, ELDO (observer), EMS, ESRO, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICES, ICO, IDA, IDB, Inter-American Development Bank, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, ISO, ITC, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, NATO, Nordic Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG Economy

Military budget

announced for fiscal year ending 31 December 1984, 24.6 billion koronas, 7.6% of total budget 100km Skagerrak COPENHAGEN "*• — i .^ Bornholml Baltic Sea Land 43,076 km2 (exclusive of Greenland and Faroe Islands); the size of Massachusetts and New Hampshire combined; 64% arable, 11% forest, 8% meadow and pasture, 17% other

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1984, $1.4 billion; 6.8% of central government budget

Military manpower

males 15-49, 3,798,000; 2,924,000 fit for military service; 110,000 reach military age (18) annually

males 15-49, 1,315,000; 1,108,000 fit for military service; 41,000 reach military age (20) annually

Monetary conversion rate

6.45 koronas=US$l (October 1983)

10.8 kroner=US$l (November 1984 average)

National holiday

birthday of the Queen, 16 April

Nationality

noun — Dane(s); adjective — Danish

NOTE

foreign trade figures were converted at the rate of 6.9 koronas=US$l (January 1982) Communications

Official name

Kingdom of Denmark

Organized labor

65% of labor force Government

Pipelines

crude oil, 1,448 km; refined products, 1,500 km; natural gas, 7,000 km

crude oil, 110 km; refined products, 418 km; natural gas, 421 km

Political subdivisions

14 counties, 277 communes, 88 towns

Population

5,109,000 (July 1985), average annual growth rate —0.1%

Ports

no maritime ports; outlets are Gdynia, Gdansk, and Szczecin in Poland; Rijeka and Koper in Yugoslavia; Hamburg, FRG; Rostock, GDR; principal river ports are Prague, Decin, Komarno, Bratislava (1979) Defense Forces

10 major, 50 minor

Railroads

13,142 km total; 12,883 km 1.435meter standard gauge, 102 km 1.524-meter broad gauge, 157 km 0.750and 0.760-meter narrow gauge; 2,866 km double track; 3,171 km electrified; government owned (1982)

2,770 km 1.435-meter standard gauge; Danish State Railways (DSB) operate 2,120 km (1,999 km rail line and 121 km rail ferry services); 97 km electrified, 730 km double tracked; 650 km of standard gauge lines are privately owned and operated

Religion

97% Evangelical Lutheran, 2% other Protestant and Roman Catholic, 1% other

Suffrage

universal over age 21

Telecommunications

excellent telephone, telegraph, and broadcast services; 3.59 million telephones (70.6 per 1 00 popl. ); 2 AM, 46 FM, 38 TV stations; 14 submarine coaxial cables; satellite earth station for domestic Defense Forces

Type

constitutional monarchy

Voting strength

( 1 984 election) 31 .6% Social Democratic, 23.4% Conservative, 12. 1% Liberal, 11.5% Socialist People's, 5.5% Radical Liberal, 4.6% Center Democratic, 3.6% Progress, 2.7% Christian People's, 2.6% Left Socialist, 1.5% Justice, 0.7% Communist, 0.2% others