1984 Edition

Agriculture

large areas devoted to grazing; 60% of area used for crops is planted in wheat; major products — wool, livestock, wheat, fruits, sugarcane; self-sufficient in food

livestock, forest products, cereals, potatoes, sugar beets; 84% self-sufficient

Aid

economic — Australian aid abroad in Australian dollars, $662 million (FY81-82)

donor; bilateral economic aid commitments (ODA and OOF), $1.081 billion (1970-81)

Airfields

1,591 total, 1,532 usable; 214 with permanent-surface runways, 2 with runways over 3,659 m; 17 with runways 2,4403,659 m, 557 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

56 total, 54 usable; 16 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 5 with runways 1,2202,439 m Austria (continued) The Bahamas

Branches

Royal Australian Air Force, Royal Australian Navy, Australian Army

bicameral legislature (Federal Assembly — Federal Council, National Council), directly elected President whose functions are largely representational, independent federal judiciary

Army, Flying Division

bicameral legislature (Parliament— appointed Senate, elected House of Assembly); executive (Prime Minister and Cabinet); judiciary

Budget

(FY83-84) expenditures, A$56.7 billion; receipts, A$48.3 billion; deficit, A$8.4 billion

expenditures, $21.12 billion; revenues, $17.22 billion; deficit, $3.9 billion (1983)

Capital

Vienna

Nassau (New Providence Island)

Civil air

around 150 major transport aircraft

55 major transport aircraft

Coastline

3,542 km (New Providence Island, 76km) People

Communists

membership 25,000 est; activists 7,000-8,000

none known

Crude steel

4. 7 million metric tons produced (1982)

Crudesteel

6.4 million metric tons produced (1982)

Elections

presidential, every six years (next 1986); parliamentary, every four years (next 1987) Political parties and leaders: Socialist Party of Austria (SPO), Fred Sinowatz, chairman; Austrian People's Party (OVP), Alois Mock, chairman; Liberal Party (FPO), Norbert Steger, chairman; Communist Party (KPO), Franz Muhri, chairman; Alternative List Austria (ALO), no leader; United Greens (VGO), Alexander Tollmann, leader

House of Assembly (June 1982); next election due constitutionally in five years Political parties and leaders: Progressive Liberal Party (PLP), predominantly black, Lynden O. Pindling; Free National Movement (FNM), Kendal Isaacs

Electric power

28,037,860 kW capacity (1982); 105.758 billion kWh produced (1982), 7,000 kWh per capita

14,289,000 kW capacity (1983); 42.889 billion kWh produced (1983), 5,665 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

98.1% German, 0.7% Croatian, 0.3% Slovene, 0.9% other

85% black, 15% white

Exports

$20.8 billion (f.o.b., 1982); principal products — coal, wool, wheat, iron ore, beef

$15.64 billion (f.o.b., 1982); iron and steel products, machinery and equipment, lumber, textiles, paper products, chemicals

Fiscal year

1 July-30 June Communications

calendar year Communications

Fishing

catch 122,947 metric tons (1978); exports $94.5 million (FY75), imports $86.2 million (FY75)

GNP

A$153.0 billion (1982), A$10,087 per capita; 62% private consumption, 18% government expenditure, 25% investment; 2.2% real average annual growth (1976-82)

$66.89 billion (1982), $10,995 per capita; 56% private consumption, 19% public consumption, 23% investment; 1982 real GNP growth rate, 1.1%

Government leaders

Rudolf KIRCHSCHLAGER, President; Fred SINOWATZ, Chancellor, leads a Socialist/Freedom Party coalition

Lynden Oscar PINDLING, Prime Minister; Sir Gerald C. CASH, Governor General

Highways

837,872 km total (1980); 243,750 km paved, 228,396 km gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized soil surface, 365,726 km unimproved earth

95,412 km total; 34,612 are the classified network (including 1,012 km of autobahn, 10,400 km of federal and 23,200 km of provincial roads); of this number, approximately 21,812 km are paved and 12,800 km are unpaved; additionally, there are 60,800 km of communal roads (mostly gravel, crushed stone, earth)

Imports

$23.4 billion (f.o.b., 1982); principal products — manufactured raw materials, capital equipment, consumer goods

$19.50 billion (c.i.f., 1982); machinery and equipment, chemicals, textiles and clothing, petroleum, foodstuffs

Inland waterways

8,368 km; mainly by small, shallow-draft craft

427 km

Labor force

2.7 million (1981); 40% industry and crafts, 25.5% services, 14% trade and communications, 13.8% agriculture and forestry, 5% professions; 4.7% unemployed (November 1982); an estimated 200,000 Austrians are employed in other European countries; foreign laborers in Austria number 160,500(1982)

82,000(1982); 30% government, 25% hotels and restaurants, 10% business services, 6% agriculture; 30% unemployment (1983)

Land boundaries

2,582 km People

Language

German

English; some Creole among Haitian immigrants

Legal system

civil law system with Roman law origin; constitution adopted 1920, repromulgated in 1945; judicial review of legislative acts by a Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; legal education at Universities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Salzburg, and Linz; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

based on English law

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

3 nm (fishing 200 nm)

Literacy

98%

89%

Major industries

mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals

foods, iron and steel, machinery, textiles, chemicals, electrical, paper and pulp; beer sales, 7,682,150 hectoliters (1981)

Major trade partners

(1982-83) exports — 27% Japan, 10% US, 5% New Zealand, 5% UK; imports— 21% US; 21% Japan, 7% UK, 6% FRG

(1982) imports — 40.6% FRG, 8.6% Italy, 6.0% East Europe, 5.3% OPEC, 5.1% USSR, 4.8% Switzerland, 4.1% US, exports— 29.3% FRG, 9.1% Italy, 7.7% OPEC, 7.6% East Europe, 7.0% Switzerland

Member of

ADB, AIOEC, ANZUS, CIPEC (associate), Colombo Plan, Commonwealth, DAC, ELDO, ESCAP, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IATP, IBA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, IPU, IRC, ISO, ITC, ITU, IWC— International Whaling Commission, IWC — International Wheat Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG Economy

ADB, Council of Europe, DAC, ECE, EFTA, EMA, ESRO (observer), FAO, GATT, IAEA, IDE— Inter-American Development Bank, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WSG Economy

CARICOM, CDB, Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), IBRD, ICAO, IDE — Inter-American Development Bank, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, ITU, NAM, OAS, PAHO, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 30 June 1984, $4.6 billion; about 9.3% of total central government budget Land 83,835 km2; 38% forest; 26% meadow and pasture; 20% cultivated; 15% waste or urban; 1% inland water

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1983, $840 million; about 3.7% of the proposed federal budget UNITED .STATES At/antic Ocean Nassau THE (\* 0 BAHAMAS *, • « AND CAICOS IS. Caribbean Sea Land 13,934 kmz; 29% forest; 1% cultivated; 70% built on, wasteland, and other Water

Military manpower

males 15-49, 4,085,000; 3,480,000 fit for military service; 137,000 reach military age (17) annually

males 15-49, 1,935,000; 1,638,000 fit for military service; 67,000 reach military age (19) annually

Monetary conversion rate

.90 Australian dollar=US$l (December 1983)

18.91 shillings=US$l (third quarter 1983)

National holiday

26 October

Independence Day, 10 July

Nationality

noun — Austrian(s); adjective — Austrian

noun — Bahamian(s); adjective — Bahamian

Official name

Republic of Austria

The Commonwealth of The Bahamas

Organized labor

60% of wage and salary workers (1979) Government

25% organized Government

Other political or pressure group

Vanguard Nationalist and Socialist Party (VNSP), a small leftist party headed by John McCartney •

Other political or pressure groups

Federal Chamber of Commerce and Industry; Austrian Trade Union Federation (primarily Socialist); three composite leagues of the Austrian People's Party (OVP) representing business, labor, and farmers; the OVPoriented League of Austrian Industrialists; Roman Catholic Church, including its chief lay organization, Catholic Action

Pipelines

crude oil, 2,400 km; refined products, 500 km; natural gas, 5,600 km

554 km crude oil; 2,61 1 km natural gas; 171 km refined products

Political subdivisions

9 states (lander) including the capital

Population

7,579,000 (July 1984), average annual growth rate 0.1%

228,000 (July 1984), average annual growth rate 2.0%

Ports

12 major, numerous minor

2 major river (Vienna, Linz)

Railroads

42,855 km total (1980); 9,689 km 1.600-meter gauge, 15,783km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 17,383 km 1.067-meter gauge; 900 km electrified (June 1979); government owned (except for few hundred kilometers of privately owned track)

6,497 km total; 5.857 km government owned; 5,403 km 1.435-meter standard gauge of which 3,017 km electrified and 1,520 km double tracked; 454 km 0.760meter narrow gauge of which 91 km electrified; 640 km privately owned 1.435and 1.000-meter gauge

Religion

85% Roman Catholic, 7% Protestant, 8% none or other

Baptist 29%, Anglican 23%, Roman Catholic 22%, smaller groups of other Protestant, Greek Orthodox, and Jews

Suffrage

universal over age 19; compulsory for presidential elections

universal over age 18

Telecommunications

very good international and domestic service; 7.4 million telephones (52 per 100 popl.); 223 AM, 5 FM, and 111 TV stations; 3 earth satellite stations; submarine cables to New Zealand, New Guinea, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Guam Defense Forces

highly developed and efficient; extensive TV and radiobroadcast systems with 160 AM, 536 FM, and 988 TV stations; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT station; 3.01 million telephones (39.8 per 100 popl.) Defense Forces

Type

federal republic

independent commonwealth recognizing Elizabeth II as Chief of State

Voting strength

(1983 election, preliminary) Parliamentary— SPO 47.80%, OVP 43.21%, FPO 4.97%, VGC1.89%, ALO 1.27%, KPO 0.66%

73,309 registered voters (July 1977); (1982 election) House of Assembly—PLP(55%)32 seats, FNM (45%) 11 seats, others (3%) 0 seats