Countries
Nepal
Key Economic Indicators
$170.1 billion
$5,737
3.67%
4.69%
10.47%
$42.914 billion (2024 est.)
40 % of GDP
$1.68 billion
Economic Overview
low-income South Asian economy; post-conflict fiscal federalism increasing stability; COVID-19 hurt trade and tourism; widening current account deficits; environmentally fragile economy from earthquakes; growing Chinese relations and investments
All Economic Data
Agricultural products
rice, vegetables, potatoes, sugarcane, maize, wheat, bison milk, milk, mangoes/guavas, bananas (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Budget
Expenditures:
$9.1 billion (2021 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Revenues:
$7.625 billion (2021 est.)
Currency
code:
NPR
name:
Nepalese rupee (NPR) [₨]
Current account balance
$1.68 billion
Current account balance 2022:
-$3.088 billion (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2023:
$146.66 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2024:
$1.954 billion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Debt - external
$10.15 billion
Debt - external 2023:
$5.719 billion (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> present value of external debt in current US dollars
Exchange rates
Currency:
Nepalese rupees (NPR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2020:
118.345 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2021:
118.134 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2022:
125.199 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2023:
132.115 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2024:
133.727 (2024 est.)
Exports
$3.27 billion
Exports 2022:
$2.106 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2023:
$2.258 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2024:
$3.744 billion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - commodities
knotted carpets, garments, flat-rolled iron, synthetic fibers, palm oil (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Exports - partners
India 67%, USA 12%, Germany 3%, China 2%, UK 2% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Foreign direct investment
net inflows:
$56.9 million
GDP - composition, by end use
Exports of goods and services:
7.6% (2024 est.)
Government consumption:
7.4% (2024 est.)
Household consumption:
86.3% (2024 est.)
Imports of goods and services:
-32.9% (2024 est.)
Investment in fixed capital:
24.3% (2024 est.)
Investment in inventories:
6.1% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
Agriculture:
21.9% (2024 est.)
Industry:
11.4% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Services:
55.2% (2024 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate)
$42.914 billion (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> data in current dollars at official exchange rate
GDP per capita (nominal)
$1,447
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
32.8 (2010)
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022:
30 (2022 est.)
Note:
<strong>note:</strong> index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
GNI (gross national income)
$43.62 billion
GNI per capita
$1,470
Gross domestic investment
30 % of GDP
Household income or consumption by percentage share
Highest 10%:
24.2% (2022 est.)
Lowest 10%:
3.7% (2022 est.)
Note:
<strong>note:</strong> % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Imports
$14.12 billion
Imports 2022:
$15.227 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2023:
$13.877 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2024:
$17.777 billion (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, natural gas, garments, iron reductions, broadcasting equipment (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Imports - partners
India 71%, China 17%, UAE 3%, Singapore 2%, Germany 1% (2023)
note:
<b>note:</b> top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Industrial production growth rate
0.1% (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Industries
tourism, carpets, textiles, small rice, jute, sugar, oilseed mills, cigarettes, cement and brick production
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
4.69%
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021:
4.1% (2021 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022:
7.7% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023:
7.1% (2023 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual % change based on consumer prices
Labor force
8.435 million (2024 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
total:
8.36 million persons
Labor force - by occupation
agriculture:
22.91%
industry:
31.28%
services:
45.81%
Population below poverty line
20.3% (2022 est.)
note:
<strong>note:</strong> % of population with income below national poverty line
Public debt
40 % of GDP
Note:
<b>note:</b> central government debt as a % of GDP
Public debt 2021:
39.9% of GDP (2021 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$170.1 billion
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022:
$141.546 billion (2022 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023:
$144.352 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024:
$149.643 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP growth rate
3.67%
Note:
<b>note:</b> annual GDP % growth based on constant local currency
Real GDP growth rate 2022:
5.6% (2022 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2023:
2% (2023 est.)
Real GDP growth rate 2024:
3.7% (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$5,737
Note:
<b>note:</b> data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita 2022:
$4,800 (2022 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023:
$4,900 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2024:
$5,000 (2024 est.)
Remittances
$11.25 billion
Note:
<b>note:</b> personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Remittances 2022:
22% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2023:
25.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2024:
33.1% of GDP (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
$12.46 billion
Note:
<b>note:</b> holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021:
$9.639 billion (2021 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022:
$9.319 billion (2022 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023:
$12.456 billion (2023 est.)
Revenue (excl grants)
17 % of GDP
Tax revenue
14 % of GDP
Taxes and other revenues
17.5% (of GDP) (2021 est.)
note:
<b>note:</b> central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Unemployment rate
10.47%
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force seeking employment
Unemployment rate 2022:
10.9% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2023:
10.7% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2024:
10.8% (2024 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
Female:
23.6% (2024 est.)
Male:
19.3% (2024 est.)
Note:
<b>note:</b> % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Total:
20.8% (2024 est.)
World Bank Indicators
Currency
Nepalese rupee (NPR) (2025)
Gini Index
32.80 (2010)
Languages
Nepali (2025)
Economic Rankings
Unemployment Rate
#39
GDP Growth Rate
#71
External Debt
#72
Reserves
#75
GDP (PPP)
#82
Imports
#100
GDP (Nominal)
#100
Inflation Rate
#113
Gini Index
#135
Exports
#148
GDP per Capita
#151
Quick Facts
Industries
tourism, carpets, textiles, small rice, jute, sugar, oilseed mills, cigarettes, cement and brick production
Agricultural products
rice, vegetables, potatoes, sugarcane, maize, wheat, bison milk, milk, mangoes/guavas, bananas (2023)
Labor force
8.435 million (2024 est.)
Exports - partners
India 67%, USA 12%, Germany 3%, China 2%, UK 2% (2023)
Imports - partners
India 71%, China 17%, UAE 3%, Singapore 2%, Germany 1% (2023)
Exchange rates
Nepalese rupees (NPR) per US dollar -
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