1982 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1982 (Wikisource)
Geography
Area
745,920 km2; 5% under cultivation, 5% arable, 10% grazing, 13% dense forest, 6% marsh, 61% scattered trees and grassland
Land boundaries
6,003 km
People and Society
Ethnic divisions
98.7% African, 1.1% European, 0.2% other
Labor force
402,000 wage earners; 375,000 Africans, 27,000 non-Africans; 15% mining, 9% agriculture, 9% domestic service, 19% construction, 9% commerce, 10% manufacturing, 23% government and miscellaneous services, 6% transport
Language
English official; wide variety of indigenous languages
Literacy
28%
Nationality
noun—Zambian(s); adjective—Zambian
Organized labor
approximately 238,000 wage earners are unionized
Population
6,222,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 3.2%
Religion
82% animist, about 17% Christian, and under 1% Hindu and Muslim
Government
Branches
modified presidential system; legislature; judiciary
Capital
Lusaka
Communists
no Communist party, but socialist sympathizers in upper levels of government and UNIP
Elections
general election held 12 December 1978; next general election scheduled for 1983 Political parties and leaders: United National Independence Party (UNIP), Kenneth Kaunda; former opposition party banned in December 1972 when one-party state proclaimed Voting strength (1978 election): 70% of eligible voters went to polls; Kaunda was only candidate for President; National Assembly seats were contested by members of UNIP
Government leaders
President Kenneth David KAUNDA; Prime Minister Nalumino MUNDIA
Legal system
based on English common law and customary law; new constitution adopted September 1973; judicial review of legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council; legal education at University of Zambia in Lusaka; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Member of
AFDB, Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, 1DB, IEA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IPU, ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
National holiday
24 October
Official name
Republic of Zambia
Political subdivisions
nine provinces
Suffrage
universal adult
Type
one-party state
Economy
Agriculture
main crops—corn, tobacco, cotton; net importer of most major agricultural products
Budget
(1980) revenue $950 million (est.), current expenditures $1,279 million (est.), development expenditures $241 million (est.)
Electric power
1,453,000 kW capacity (1980); 7.3 billion kWh produced (1980), 969 kWh per capita
Exports
$1,378 million (f.o.b., 1980); copper, zinc, cobalt, lead, tobacco
Fiscal year
calendar year
GNP
$2.8 billion (1980), $483 per capita; real annual average growth rate, 0.65% (1971-81)
Imports
$1,383 million (c.i.f., 1980); machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, fuels, manufactures
Major industries
copper and cobalt production
Major trade partners
EEC, Japan, China, South Africa
Monetary conversion rate
1 Zambia kwacha=US$1.2446 (official)
Communications
Airfields
136 total, 129 usable; 12 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m, 4 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 20 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
Civil air
7 major transport aircraft
Highways
36,809 km total; 5,565 km paved, 8,374 km crushed stone, gravel, or stabilized soil; 22,870 km improved and unimproved earth
Inland waterways
2,250 km including Zambezi River, Luapula River, Lake Kariba, Lake Bangweulu, Lake Tanganyika; Mpulungu is small port on Lake Tanganyika
Pipelines
724 km crude oil
Railroads
2,014 km, all narrow gauge (1.067 m); 13 km double track
Telecommunications
facilities are among the best in Sub-Saharan Africa; high-capacity radio relay connects most larger towns and cities; 60,500 telephones; (1.1 per 100 popl.); 7 AM, 1 FM, and 5 TV stations; 1 Indian Ocean satellite station
Military and Security
Military manpower
males 15-49, 1,327,000; 691,000 fit for military service