1994 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1994 (Project Gutenberg)
Introduction
Administrative divisions
39 districts; Apac, Arua, Bundibugyo, Bushenyi, Gulu, Hoima, Iganga, Jinja, Kabale, Kabarole, Kalangala, Kampala, Kamuli, Kapchorwa, Kasese, Kibale, Kiboga, Kisoro, Kitgum, Kotido, Kumi, Lira, Luwero, Masaka, Masindi, Mbale, Mbarara, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nebbi, Ntungamo, Pallisa, Rakai, Rukungiri, Sototi, Tororo
Agriculture
mainly subsistence; accounts for 57% of GDP and over 80% of labor force; cash crops - coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco; food crops - cassava, potatoes, corn, millet, pulses; livestock products - beef, goat meat, milk, poultry; self-sufficient in food
Airports
total: 31 usable: 23 with permanent-surface runways: 5 with runways over 3,659 m: 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m: 3 with runways 1,220-2,439 m: 11
Area
total area: 236,040 sq km land area: 199,710 sq km comparative area: slightly smaller than Oregon
Birth rate
48.8 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Branches
National Resistance Army (NRA); includes Air Force and Navy, Local Defense Units (LDU)
Budget
revenues: $365 million expenditures: $545 million, including capital expenditures of $165 million (1989 est.)
Capital
Kampala
Climate
tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Constitution
8 September 1967, in process of constitutional revision
Currency
1 Ugandan shilling (USh) = 100 cents
Death rate
23.68 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures
exchange rate conversion - $NA, 15% of budget (FY89/90)
Digraph
UG
Diplomatic representation in US
chief of mission: Ambassador Stephen Kapimpina KATENTA-APULI chancery: 5909 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011 telephone: (202) 726-7100 through 7102 and 726-0416
Economic aid
recipient: US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-89), $145 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $1.4 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $169 million
Electricity
capacity: 200,000 kW production: 610 million kWh consumption per capita: 30 kWh (1991)
Environment
current issues: draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion natural hazards: NA international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Environmental Modification
Ethnic divisions
Baganda 17%, Karamojong 12%, Basogo 8%, Iteso 8%, Langi 6%, Rwanda 6%, Bagisu 5%, Acholi 4%, Lugbara 4%, Bunyoro 3%, Batobo 3%, European, Asian, Arab 1%, other 23%
Exchange rates
Ugandan shillings (USh) per US$1 - 1,165.0 (November 1993), 1.133.8 (1992), 734.0 (1991), 428.85 (1990), 223.1 (1989)
Executive branch
chief of state: President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since 29 January 1986); Vice President Samson Babi Mululu KISEKKA (since NA January 1991) head of government: Prime Minister George Cosmas ADYEBO (since NA January 1991) cabinet: Cabinet; appointed by the president
Exports
$150 million (f.o.b., 1992 est.) commodities: coffee 97%, cotton, tea partners: US 25%, UK 18%, France 11%, Spain 10%
External debt
$1.9 billion (1991 est.)
FAX
(202) 726-1727
Fiscal year
1 July - 30 June
Flag
six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a red-crested crane (the national symbol) facing the staff side
Highways
total: 26,200 km paved: 1,970 km unpaved: gravel, crushed stone 5,849 km; earth, tracks 18,381 km
Imports
$513 million (c.i.f., 1992 est.) commodities: petroleum products, machinery, cotton piece goods, metals, transportation equipment, food partners: Kenya 25%, UK 14%, Italy 13%
Independence
9 October 1962 (from UK)
Industrial production
growth rate 8% (1992 est.); accounts for 5% of GDP
Industries
sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles, cement
Infant mortality rate
112.2 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
41.5% (1992 est.)
Inland waterways
Lake Victoria, Lake Albert, Lake Kyoga, Lake George, Lake Edward; Victoria Nile, Albert Nile; principal inland water ports are at Jinja and Port Bell, both on Lake Victoria
International disputes
none
Irrigated land
90 sq km (1989 est.)
Judicial branch
Court of Appeal, High Court
Labor force
4.5 million (est.) by occupation: agriculture over 80% note: 50% of population of working age (1983)
Land boundaries
total 2,698 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km, Zaire 765 km
Land use
arable land: 23% permanent crops: 9% meadows and pastures: 25% forest and woodland: 30% other: 13%
Languages
English (official), Luganda, Swahili, Bantu languages, Nilotic languages
Legal system
government plans to restore system based on English common law and customary law and reinstitute a normal judicial system; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch
unicameral
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 37.46 years male: 37.15 years female: 37.79 years (1994 est.)
Literacy
age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) total population: 48% male: 62% female: 35%
Location
Eastern Africa, between Kenya and Zaire
Manpower availability
males age 15-49 4,138,087; fit for military service 2,248,232
Map references
Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Maritime claims
none; landlocked
Member of
ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IGADD, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOSOM, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Merchant marine
3 roll-on/roll-off cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,091 GRT/NA DWT
Names
conventional long form: Republic of Uganda conventional short form: Uganda
National holiday
Independence Day, 9 October (1962)
National product
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $24.1 billion (1993 est.)
National product per capita
$1,200 (1993 est.)
National product real growth rate
6% (1993 est.)
National Resistance Council
elections last held 11-28 February 1989 (next to be held by January 1995); results - NRM was the only party; seats - (278 total, 210 indirectly elected) 210 members elected without party affiliation
Nationality
noun: Ugandan(s) adjective: Ugandan
Natural resources
copper, cobalt, limestone, salt
Net migration rate
-0.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Note
landlocked
Other political or pressure groups
Uganda People's Front (UPF); Lord's Resistance Army (LRA); Ruwenzori Movement
Overview
Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. The economy has been devastated by widespread political instability, mismanagement, and civil war since independence in 1962. (GDP remains below the levels of the early 1970s, as does industrial production.) Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee is the major export crop and accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986 the government has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation, which was running at over 300% in 1987, and boosting production and export earnings. In 1990-93, the economy has turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, and gradually improving domestic security.
Political parties and leaders
only party - National Resistance Movement (NRM), Yoweri MUSEVENI note: Ugandan People's Congress (UPC), Milton OBOTE; Democratic Party (DP), Paul SSEMOGEERE; and Conservative Party (CP), Joshua S. MAYANJA-NKANGI continue to exist but are all proscribed from conducting public political activities
Population
19,121,934 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate
2.42% (1994 est.)
Railroads
1,300 km, 1.000-meter-gauge single track
Religions
Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18%
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Telecommunications
fair system with microwave and radio communications stations; broadcast stations - 10 AM, no FM, 9 TV; satellite communications ground stations - 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT
Terrain
mostly plateau with rim of mountains
Total fertility rate
6.77 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Type
republic
Unemployment rate
NA%
US diplomatic representation
chief of mission: Ambassador Johnnie CARSON embassy: Parliament Avenue, Kampala mailing address: P. O. Box 7007, Kampala telephone: [256] (41) 259792, 259793, 259795