1987 Edition

Climate

tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north

Coastline

56 km

Comparative area

about the size of West Virginia

Environment

hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; recent droughts affecting agriculture; deforestation

Extended economic zone

200 nm

Land boundaries

1,646 km total

Land use

25% arable land; 1% permanent crops; 4% meadows and pastures; 28% forest and woodland; 42% other; includes NEGL.% irrigated

Member of

AfDB, CEAO (observer), EAMA, ECA, ECOWAS, ENTENTE, FAO, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, 1CO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, ITU, Lomé Convention, NAM, OAU, OCAM, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Special notes

none

Terrain

gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes

Territorial sea

30 nm

Total area

125 km Kpelime

56,790 km?: land area: 54,390 km?

Ethnic divisions

37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabyé; under 1% European and SyrianLebanese

Infant mortality rate

114/1,000 (1983)

Labor force

78% agriculture, 22% industry; about 88,600 wage earners, evenly divided between public and private sectors

Language

French, both official and language of commerce; major African languages are Ewe and Mina in the south and Dagomba and Kabyé in the north

Life expectancy

47

Literacy

18%

Nationality

noun—Togolese (sing. and pl.); adjective—Togolese

Organized labor

one national union, the National Federation of Togolese Workers

Population

3,228,635 (July 1987), average annual growth rate 3.25%

Religion

about 70% indigenous beliefs, 20% Christian, 10% Muslim

Administrative divisions

21 prefectures

Branches

strong executive President; unicameral legislature (National Assembly); separate judiciary, including State Security Court, established in 1970; a new constitution was endorsed by referendum in 1979 that provided for an elective presidential system and a 67-member National Assembly

Communists

no Communist Party; possibly some sympathizers

Elections

to be held every seven years; last held in December 1986; General Eyadéma, the sole candidate, was elected by almost 100% of votes cast

Government leader

Gen. Gnassingbé EYADEMA, President (since 1967)

Legal system

French-based court system with a court of appeals

National holiday

Independence Day, 27 April

Official name

Republic of Togo

Political party

single party formed by President Eyadéma in September 1969, Rally of the Togolese People (RPT); structure and staffing of party closely controlled by government

Suffrage

universal adult

Type

republic; one-party presidential regime Capital; Lomé

Agriculture

main cash crops—coffee, cocoa, cotton; major food crops—yams, cassava, corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum, fish

Budget

(1984 proj.), revenues, $184.4 million; current expenditures, $219 million; development expenditures, $89 million

Electric power

116,000 kW capacity; 203 million kWh produced, 65 kWh per capita (1986)

Exports

$191 million (f.0.b., 1984); phosphates, cocoa, coffee, palm kernels

Fiscal year

calendar year

Fishing

catch 14,556 metric tons (1983)

GNP

$790 million (1983 est.), about $280 (1983 est.) per capita; 3.2% real growth in

Imports

$233 million (f.0.b., 1984); consumer goods, fuels, machinery, tobacco, foodstuffs

Major industries

phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement, handicrafts, textiles, beverages

Major trade partners

‘mostly France and other EC countries

Monetary conversion rate

331.24 Communauté Financiére Africaine (CFA) francs=US$1 (average to midyear 1986)

Natural resources

phosphates, limestone, marble

Airfields

11 total, 11 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways 2,440-3,659 m

Civil air

4 major transport aircraft

Highways

7,000 km total; 1,600 km paved, 2,700 km improved earth, remainder unimproved earth

Inland waterways

section of Mono River and about 50 km of coastal lagoons and tidal creeks

Ports

1 major (Lomé), 1 minor

Railroads

570 km 1.000-meter gauge, single track

Telecommunications

fair system based on network of open-wire lines supplemented by radio-relay routes; 12,000 telephones (0.4 per 100 popl.); 2 AM, no FM, 4 TV stations; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite station and 1 SYMPHONIE station

Branches

Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary Gendarmerie

Military manpower

males 15-49, 714,000; 876,000 fit for military service; no conscription