1984 Edition

Agriculture

main crops — cotton, wheat, barley and tobacco; sheep and goat raising; self-sufficient in most foods in years of good weather

main crops — cotton, coffee, sisal on mainland; cloves and coconuts on Zanzibar

Aid

economic aid commitments from Western (non-US) countries (1970-79), ODA and OOF, $100 million; US, including Ex-Im (FY70-80), $200 million

Airfields

97 total, 90 usable; 11 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runway 2,440-3,659 m, 46 with runways 1,2202,439 m

Branches

President Julius Nyerere has full executive authority on the mainland; National Assembly dominated by Nyerere and the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Revolutionary Party); National Assembly consists of 233 members, 72 from Zanzibar, of whom 10 are directly elected, 65 appointed from the mainland, and 96 directly elected from the mainland

Tanzanian People's Defense Force includes Army, Navy, and Air Force

Budget

(1981/82) revenue $1.656 billion, current expenditures $1,457 million, development expenditures $600 million *

Capital

Dar es Salaam

Civil air

9 major transport aircraft

Communists

a few Communist sympathizers, especially on Zanzibar

Electric power

2,256,700 kW capacity (1983); 5.093 billion kWh produced (1983), 522 kWh per capita

425,000 kW capacity (1983); 1.5 billion kWh produced (1983), 75 kWh per capita

Exports

$2.0 billion (f.o.b., 1982); petroleum, textiles and textile products, tobacco, fruits and vegetables, cotton

$688 million (f.o.b., 1982); coffee, cotton, sisal, cashew nuts, meat, diamonds, cloves, tobacco, tea, coconut products

External debt

$2.2 billion (1982); debt service ratio 38% (1982)

Fiscal year

1 July-30 June Communications

GDP

$18.4 billion (1981), $1,957 per capita; real GDP growth rate 4.6% (1982)

$5.2 billion(1981), $281 per capita; real growth rate, -3.6% (1981)

Government leaders

Julius Kambarage NYERERE, President; Ali Hassan MVVINYI, Interim President of Zanzibar, and the Revolutionary Council still run Zanzibar except for certain specifically designated union matters

Highways

total 34,227 km, 3,588 km paved; 5,529 km gravel or crushed stone; remainder improved and unimproved earth

Imports

$3.7 billion (f.o.b., 1982); machinery and metal products, textiles, fuels, foodstuffs

$1.037 billion (f.o.b., 1982); manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, cotton piece goods, crude oil, foodstuffs

Inland waterways

1,168 km of navigable streams; several thousand km navigable on Lakes Tanganyika, Victoria, and Malawi

Labor force

456,000 in paid employment; 90% agriculture, 10% industry and com-

Legal system

based on English common law, Islamic law, customary law, and German civil law system; permanent constitution adopted 1977, replaced interim constitution adopted 1965; judicial review of legislative acts limited to matters of interpretation; legal education at University of Dar es Salaam; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Literacy

66%

Major industries

textiles, food processing, beverages, tobacco; petroleum — 163,000b/d production (1982), 220,000 b/d refining capacity

primarily agricultural processing (sugar, beer, cigarettes, sisal twine), diamond mine, oil refinery, shoes, cement, textiles, wood products

Major trade partners

exports — Italy, Romania, US, USSR; imports— Iran, FRG, Italy,

exports — FRG, UK, US; imports— FRG, UK, US

Member of

Arab League, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDE— Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, IPU, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, NAM, OAPEC, QIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WSG, WTO Economy

AfDB, Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, ITU, NAM, OAU, SADCC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WTO Economy

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 30 June 1981, $179 million; 9% of central government budget

Military manpower

males 15-49, 4,569,000; 2,624,000 fit for military service

Monetary conversion rate

12.3 Tanzanian shillings=US$l (October 1983)

National holiday

Union Day, 26 April; Independence Day, 9 December

Official name

United Republic of Tanzania

Organized labor

15% of labor force Government

Pipelines

982 km crude oil

Political subdivisions

25 regions — 20 on mainland, 5 on Zanzibar

Ports

3 major (Dar es Salaam, Mtwara, Tanga)

Railroads

3,555 km total; 960 km 1.067meter gauge; 2,595 km 1.000-meter gauge, 6.4 km double track; 962 km Tan-Zam Railroad 1.067-meter gauge in Tanzania

Suffrage

universal adult over age 18 Political party and leaders: Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Revolutionary Party), only political party, dominated by Nyerere

Telecommunications

fair system of open wire, radio relay, and troposcatter; 93,200 telephones (0.6 per 100 popl.); 6 AM, no FM, and 2 TV stations; 1 Indian Ocean satellite station Defense Forces

Type

republic; single party constitutionally supreme on the mainland and on Zanzibar

Voting strength

(October 1980 national elections) close to 7 million registered voters; Nyerere received 93% of about 6 million votes cast; general elections scheduled for late 1985