2013 Edition

Background

The Swiss Confederation was founded in 1291 as a defensive alliance among three cantons. In succeeding years, other localities joined the original three. The Swiss Confederation secured its independence from the Holy Roman Empire in 1499. A constitution of 1848, subsequently modified in 1874, replaced the confederation with a centralized federal government. Switzerland's sovereignty and neutrality have long been honored by the major European powers, and the country was not involved in either of the two world wars. The political and economic integration of Europe over the past half century, as well as Switzerland's role in many UN and international organizations, has strengthened Switzerland's ties with its neighbors. However, the country did not officially become a UN member until 2002. Switzerland remains active in many UN and international organizations but retains a strong commitment to neutrality.

Area

41,277 sq km 39,997 sq km 1,280 sq km

total

41,277 sq km

water

1,280 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey

Climate

temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy, rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with occasional showers

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation extremes

Lake Maggiore 195 m Dufourspitze 4,634 m

highest point

Dufourspitze 4,634 m

lowest point

Lake Maggiore 195 m

Environment - current issues

air pollution from vehicle emissions and open-air burning; acid rain; water pollution from increased use of agricultural fertilizers; loss of biodiversity

Environment - international agreements

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling Law of the Sea

party to

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified

Law of the Sea

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

2.61 cu km/yr (39%/58%/3%) 360.3 cu m/yr (2010)

per capita

360.3 cu m/yr (2010)

total

2.61 cu km/yr (39%/58%/3%)

Geographic coordinates

47 00 N, 8 00 E

Geography - note

landlocked; crossroads of northern and southern Europe; along with southeastern France, northern Italy, and southwestern Austria, has the highest elevations in the Alps

Irrigated land

550 sq km (2007)

Land boundaries

1,852 km Austria 164 km, France 573 km, Italy 740 km, Liechtenstein 41 km, Germany 334 km

border countries

Austria 164 km, France 573 km, Italy 740 km, Liechtenstein 41 km, Germany 334 km

total

1,852 km

Land use

9.8% 0.57% 89.63% (2011)

arable land

9.8%

other

89.63% (2011)

permanent crops

0.57%

Location

Central Europe, east of France, north of Italy

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards

avalanches, landslides; flash floods

Natural resources

hydropower potential, timber, salt

Terrain

mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes

Total renewable water resources

53.5 cu km (2011)

Age structure

15.2% (male 624,601/female 588,725) 11.6% (male 471,401/female 453,568) 44% (male 1,766,228/female 1,749,672) 12% (male 476,495/female 479,642) 17.3% (male 600,754/female 784,940) (2013 est.)

0-14 years

15.2% (male 624,601/female 588,725)

15-24 years

11.6% (male 471,401/female 453,568)

25-54 years

44% (male 1,766,228/female 1,749,672)

55-64 years

12% (male 476,495/female 479,642)

65 years and over

17.3% (male 600,754/female 784,940) (2013 est.)

Birth rate

10.45 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

82% percent of women aged 20-49 (1994/95)

Death rate

8.08 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)

Dependency ratios

48.1 % 21.9 % 26.2 % 3.8 (2013)

elderly dependency ratio

26.2 %

potential support ratio

3.8 (2013)

total dependency ratio

48.1 %

youth dependency ratio

21.9 %

Drinking water source

urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population (2010 est.)

rural

100% of population

total

100% of population (2010 est.)

urban

100% of population

Education expenditures

5.4% of GDP (2009)

Ethnic groups

German 65%, French 18%, Italian 10%, Romansch 1%, other 6%

Health expenditures

10.9% of GDP (2011)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.4% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

fewer than 100 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

18,000 (2009 est.)

Hospital bed density

5 beds/1,000 population (2010)

Infant mortality rate

3.8 deaths/1,000 live births 4.21 deaths/1,000 live births 3.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)

female

3.36 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)

total

3.8 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 20.4%, Italian (official) 6.5%, Serbo-Croatian 1.5%, Albanian 1.3%, Portuguese 1.2%, Spanish 1.1%, English 1%, Romansch (official) 0.5%, other 2.8% (2000 census) German, French, Italian, and Romansch are all national and official languages

Life expectancy at birth

82.28 years 79.99 years 84.71 years (2013 est.)

female

84.71 years (2013 est.)

total population

82.28 years

Literacy

age 15 and over can read and write 99% 99% 99% (2003 est.)

definition

age 15 and over can read and write

female

99% (2003 est.)

male

99%

total population

99%

Major urban areas - population

Zurich 1.143 million; BERN (capital) 346,000 (2009)

Maternal mortality rate

8 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Median age

41.8 years 40.8 years 42.7 years (2013 est.)

female

42.7 years (2013 est.)

male

40.8 years

total

41.8 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

30.2 (2010 est.)

Nationality

Swiss (singular and plural) Swiss

adjective

Swiss

noun

Swiss (singular and plural)

Net migration rate

6.14 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

17.5% (2008)

Physicians density

4.08 physicians/1,000 population (2010)

Population

7,996,026 (July 2013 est.)

Population growth rate

0.85% (2013 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 41.8%, Protestant 35.3%, Muslim 4.3%, Orthodox 1.8%, other Christian 0.4%, other 1%, unspecified 4.3%, none 11.1% (2000 census)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population (2010 est.)

rural

100% of population

total

100% of population (2010 est.)

urban

100% of population

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

16 years 16 years 16 years (2011)

female

16 years (2011)

male

16 years

total

16 years

Sex ratio

1.06 male(s)/female 1.06 male(s)/female 1.04 male(s)/female 1.01 male(s)/female 0.99 male(s)/female 0.76 male(s)/female 0.97 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

0-14 years

1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years

1.04 male(s)/female

25-54 years

1.01 male(s)/female

55-64 years

0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.76 male(s)/female

at birth

1.06 male(s)/female

total population

0.97 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.53 children born/woman (2013 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

7.7% 7.6% 7.9% (2011)

female

7.9% (2011)

total

7.7%

Urbanization

74% of total population (2010) 0.5% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

rate of urbanization

0.5% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

urban population

74% of total population (2010)

Administrative divisions

26 cantons (cantons, singular - canton in French; cantoni, singular - cantone in Italian; Kantone, singular - Kanton in German); Aargau, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Geneve, Glarus, Graubuenden, Jura, Luzern, Neuchatel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Sankt Gallen, Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri, Valais, Vaud, Zug, Zuerich 6 of the cantons - Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Appenzell Innerrhoden, Basel-Landschaft, Basel-Stadt, Nidwalden, Obwalden - are referred to as half cantons because they elect only one member to the Council of States and, in popular referendums where a majority of popular votes and a majority of cantonal votes are required, these six cantons only have a half vote

Capital

Bern 46 55 N, 7 28 E UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

daylight saving time

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

geographic coordinates

46 55 N, 7 28 E

name

Bern

time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Constitution

previous 1848, 1874 (extensive revision of 1848 version); latest adopted by referendum 18 April 1999, effective 1 January 2000; amended several times, last in 2012 (2012)

Country name

Swiss Confederation Switzerland Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German); Confederation Suisse (French); Confederazione Svizzera (Italian); Confederaziun Svizra (Romansh) Schweiz (German); Suisse (French); Svizzera (Italian); Svizra (Romansh)

conventional long form

Swiss Confederation

conventional short form

Switzerland

local long form

Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German); Confederation Suisse (French); Confederazione Svizzera (Italian); Confederaziun Svizra (Romansh)

local short form

Schweiz (German); Suisse (French); Svizzera (Italian); Svizra (Romansh)

Diplomatic representation from the US

Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jeffrey R. CELLARS (since 22 July 2013); note - also accredited to Liechtenstein Sulgeneckstrasse 19, CH-3007 Bern use embassy street address [41] (031) 357-70-11 [41] (031) 357-73-44

chief of mission

Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jeffrey R. CELLARS (since 22 July 2013); note - also accredited to Liechtenstein

embassy

Sulgeneckstrasse 19, CH-3007 Bern

FAX

[41] (031) 357-73-44

mailing address

use embassy street address

telephone

[41] (031) 357-70-11

Diplomatic representation in the US

Ambassador Manuel SAGER (since 1 November 2010) 2900 Cathedral Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 [1] (202) 745-7900 [1] (202) 387-2564 Atlanta, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco Boston

chancery

2900 Cathedral Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

chief of mission

Ambassador Manuel SAGER (since 1 November 2010)

consulate(s)

Boston

consulate(s) general

Atlanta, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco

FAX

[1] (202) 387-2564

telephone

[1] (202) 745-7900

Executive branch

President of the Swiss Confederation Ueli MAURER; Vice President Didier BURKHALTER; note - the Federal Council, which is comprised of seven federal councillors, constitutes the federal government of Switzerland; council members rotate in one-year terms as federal president (chief of state and head of government) President of the Swiss Confederation Ueli MAURER (since 1 January 2013); Vice President Didier BURKHALTER (since 1 January 2013) Federal Council or Bundesrat (in German), Conseil Federal (in French), Consiglio Federale (in Italian) is elected by the Federal Assembly usually from among its members for a four-year term president and vice president elected by the Federal Assembly from among the members of the Federal Council for a one-year term (they may not serve consecutive terms); election last held on 5 December 2012 (next to be held in early December 2013) Ueli MAURER elected president; number of Federal Assembly votes - 148 of 202; Didier BURKHALTER elected vice president

cabinet

Federal Council or Bundesrat (in German), Conseil Federal (in French), Consiglio Federale (in Italian) is elected by the Federal Assembly usually from among its members for a four-year term

chief of state

President of the Swiss Confederation Ueli MAURER; Vice President Didier BURKHALTER; note - the Federal Council, which is comprised of seven federal councillors, constitutes the federal government of Switzerland; council members rotate in one-year terms as federal president (chief of state and head of government)

election results

Ueli MAURER elected president; number of Federal Assembly votes - 148 of 202; Didier BURKHALTER elected vice president

elections

president and vice president elected by the Federal Assembly from among the members of the Federal Council for a one-year term (they may not serve consecutive terms); election last held on 5 December 2012 (next to be held in early December 2013)

head of government

President of the Swiss Confederation Ueli MAURER (since 1 January 2013); Vice President Didier BURKHALTER (since 1 January 2013)

Flag description

red square with a bold, equilateral white cross in the center that does not extend to the edges of the flag; various medieval legends purport to describe the origin of the flag; a white cross used as identification for troops of the Swiss Confederation is first attested at the Battle of Laupen (1339)

Government type

formally a confederation but similar in structure to a federal republic

Independence

1 August 1291 (founding of the Swiss Confederation)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EFTA, EITI (implementing country), ESA, FAO, FATF, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAIA (observer), MIGA, MONUSCO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch

Federal Supreme Court (consists of 38 judges and 31 substitutes and organized into 5 sections) judges elected by the Federal Assembly for 6-year terms; note - judges are affiliated with political parties and are elected according to linguistic and regional criteria in approximate proportion to the level of party representation in the Federal Assembly Federal Criminal Court (began in 2004); Federal Administrative Court (began in 2007); note - each of Switzerland's 26 cantons has its own courts

highest court(s)

Federal Supreme Court (consists of 38 judges and 31 substitutes and organized into 5 sections)

judge selection and term of office

judges elected by the Federal Assembly for 6-year terms; note - judges are affiliated with political parties and are elected according to linguistic and regional criteria in approximate proportion to the level of party representation in the Federal Assembly

subordinate courts

Federal Criminal Court (began in 2004); Federal Administrative Court (began in 2007); note - each of Switzerland's 26 cantons has its own courts

Legal system

civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts, except for federal decrees of a general obligatory character

Legislative branch

bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung (in German), Assemblee Federale (in French), Assemblea Federale (in Italian) consists of the Council of States or Staenderat (in German), Conseil des Etats (in French), Consiglio degli Stati (in Italian) (46 seats; membership consists of 2 representatives from each canton and 1 from each half canton; members serve four-year terms) and the National Council or Nationalrat (in German), Conseil National (in French), Consiglio Nazionale (in Italian) (200 seats; members elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation serve four-year terms) Council of States - last held in most cantons on 23 October 2011 (each canton determines when the next election will be held); National Council - last held on 23 October 2011 (next to be held in October 2015) Council of States - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CVP 13, FDP 11, SVP 5, SPS 11, other 6; National Council - percent of vote by party - SVP 26.6%, SPS 18.7%, FDP 15.1%, CVP 12.3%, Green Party 8.4%, GLP 5.4%, BDP 5.4%, other 8.1%; seats by party - SVP 54, SPS 46, FDP 30, CVP 28, Green Party 15, GLP 12, BDP 9, other small parties 6

election results

Council of States - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CVP 13, FDP 11, SVP 5, SPS 11, other 6; National Council - percent of vote by party - SVP 26.6%, SPS 18.7%, FDP 15.1%, CVP 12.3%, Green Party 8.4%, GLP 5.4%, BDP 5.4%, other 8.1%; seats by party - SVP 54, SPS 46, FDP 30, CVP 28, Green Party 15, GLP 12, BDP 9, other small parties 6

elections

Council of States - last held in most cantons on 23 October 2011 (each canton determines when the next election will be held); National Council - last held on 23 October 2011 (next to be held in October 2015)

National anthem

"Schweizerpsalm" [German] "Cantique Suisse" [French] "Salmo svizzero," [Italian] "Psalm svizzer" [Romansch] (Swiss Psalm) Leonhard WIDMER [German], Charles CHATELANAT [French], Camillo VALSANGIACOMO [Italian], and Flurin CAMATHIAS [Romansch]/Alberik ZWYSSIG unofficially adopted 1961, official adoption 1981; the anthem has been popular in a number of Swiss cantons since its composition (in German) in 1841; translated into the other three official languages of the country (French, Italian, and Romansch), it is official in each of those languages

lyrics/music

Leonhard WIDMER [German], Charles CHATELANAT [French], Camillo VALSANGIACOMO [Italian], and Flurin CAMATHIAS [Romansch]/Alberik ZWYSSIG

name

"Schweizerpsalm" [German] "Cantique Suisse" [French] "Salmo svizzero," [Italian] "Psalm svizzer" [Romansch] (Swiss Psalm)

National holiday

Founding of the Swiss Confederation, 1 August (1291)

National symbol(s)

Swiss cross (white cross on red field; arms equal length)

Political parties and leaders

Christian Democratic People's Party (Christlichdemokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz or CVP, Parti Democrate-Chretien Suisse or PDC, Partito Popolare Democratico Svizzero or PPD, Partida Cristiandemocratica dalla Svizra or PCD) [Christophe DARBELLAY] Conservative Democratic Party (Buergerlich-Demokratische Partei Schweiz or BDP, Parti Bourgeois Democratique Suisse or PBD, Partito Borghese Democratico Svizzero or PBD, Partido burgais democratica Svizera or PBD) [Martin LANDOLT] Free Democratic Party or FDP.The Liberals (FDP.Die Liberalen, PLR.Les Liberaux-Radicaux, PLR.I Liberali, Ils Liberals) [Philipp MUELLER] Green Liberal Party (Grunliberale or GLP, Parti vert liberale or PVL, Partito Verde-Liberale or PVL, Partida Verde Liberale or PVL) [Martin BAEUMLE] Green Party (Gruene Partei der Schweiz or Gruene, Parti Ecologiste Suisse or Les Verts, Partito Ecologista Svizzero or I Verdi, Partida Ecologica Svizra or La Verda) [Adele THORENS] Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz or SPS, Parti Socialiste Suisse or PSS, Partito Socialista Svizzero or PSS, Partida Socialdemocratica de la Svizra or PSS) [Christian LEVRAT] Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische Volkspartei or SVP, Union Democratique du Centre or UDC, Unione Democratica di Centro or UDC, Uniun Democratica dal Center or UDC) [Toni BRUNNER] and other minor parties

Political pressure groups and leaders

NA

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Agriculture - products

grains, fruits, vegetables; meat, eggs

Budget

$212.9 billion $212.1 billion includes federal, cantonal, and municipal accounts (2012 est.)

expenditures

$212.1 billion

revenues

$212.9 billion

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

0.1% of GDP (2012 est.)

Central bank discount rate

0.5% (31 December 2010 est.) 0.75% (31 December 2009 est.)

Commercial bank prime lending rate

2.69% (31 December 2012 est.) 2.72% (31 December 2011 est.)

Current account balance

$63.82 billion (2012 est.) $39.6 billion (2011 est.)

Debt - external

$1.563 trillion (31 December 2012) $1.424 trillion (31 December 2011)

Distribution of family income - Gini index

29.6 (2010) 33.1 (1992)

Economy - overview

Switzerland is a peaceful, prosperous, and modern market economy with low unemployment, a highly skilled labor force, and a per capita GDP among the highest in the world. Switzerland's economy benefits from a highly developed service sector, led by financial services, and a manufacturing industry that specializes in high-technology, knowledge-based production. Its economic and political stability, transparent legal system, exceptional infrastructure, efficient capital markets, and low corporate tax rates also make Switzerland one of the world's most competitive economies. The Swiss have brought their economic practices largely into conformity with the EU's to enhance their international competitiveness, but some trade protectionism remains, particularly for its small agricultural sector. The fate of the Swiss economy is tightly linked to that of its neighbors in the euro zone, which purchases half of all Swiss exports. The global financial crisis of 2008 and resulting economic downturn in 2009 stalled export demand and put Switzerland in a recession. The Swiss National Bank (SNB) during this period effectively implemented a zero-interest rate policy to boost the economy as well as prevent appreciation of the franc, and Switzerland's economy recovered in 2010 with 3.0% growth. The sovereign debt crises currently unfolding in neighboring euro-zone countries pose a significant risk to Switzerland's financial stability and are driving up demand for the Swiss franc by investors seeking a safe-haven currency. The independent SNB has upheld its zero-interest rate policy and conducted major market interventions to prevent further appreciation of the Swiss franc, but parliamentarians have urged it to do more to weaken the currency. The franc's strength has made Swiss exports less competitive and weakened the country's growth outlook; GDP growth fell to 1.9% in 2011 and 0.8% in 2012. Switzerland has also come under increasing pressure from individual neighboring countries, the EU, the US, and international institutions to reform its banking secrecy laws. Consequently, the government agreed to conform to OECD regulations on administrative assistance in tax matters, including tax evasion. The government has renegotiated its double taxation agreements with numerous countries, including the US, to incorporate the OECD standard, and is considering the possibility of imposing taxes on bank deposits held by foreigners. These steps will have a lasting impact on Switzerland's long history of bank secrecy.

Exchange rates

Swiss francs (CHF) per US dollar - 0.94 (2012 est.) 0.89 (2011 est.) 1.04 (2010 est.) 1.09 (2009) 1.08 (2008)

Exports

$332.1 billion (2012 est.) $345.6 billion (2011 est.) trade data exclude trade with Switzerland

Exports - commodities

machinery, chemicals, metals, watches, agricultural products

Exports - partners

Germany 19.8%, US 11.1%, Italy 7.2%, France 7.1%, UK 5.4% (2012)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP - composition, by end use

57.4% 11.2% 20.1% 0.9% 52.3% -41.9% (2012 est.)

exports of goods and services

52.3%

government consumption

11.2%

household consumption

57.4%

imports of goods and services

-41.9%

investment in fixed capital

20.1%

investment in inventories

0.9%

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

0.7% 26.8% 72.5% (2012 est.)

agriculture

0.7%

industry

26.8%

services

72.5% (2012 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$44,900 (2012 est.) $44,700 (2011 est.) $44,300 (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate

1% (2012 est.) 1.8% (2011 est.) 3% (2010 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$622.6 billion (2012 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$359 billion (2012 est.) $355.3 billion (2011 est.) $349 billion (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

Gross national saving

31.5% of GDP (2012 est.) 27.3% of GDP (2011 est.) 34.2% of GDP (2010 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

7.5% 19% (2007)

highest 10%

19% (2007)

lowest 10%

7.5%

Imports

$296.2 billion (2012 est.) $320.4 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities

machinery, chemicals, vehicles, metals; agricultural products, textiles

Imports - partners

Germany 29.7%, Italy 10.2%, France 8.4%, US 5.6%, China 5.6%, Austria 4.2% (2012)

Industrial production growth rate

1% (2012 est.)

Industries

machinery, chemicals, watches, textiles, precision instruments, tourism, banking, and insurance

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

-0.7% (2012 est.) 0.2% (2011 est.)

Labor force

4.954 million (2012 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

3.4% 23.4% 73.2% (2010)

agriculture

3.4%

industry

23.4%

services

73.2% (2010)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$932.2 billion (31 December 2011) $1.229 trillion (31 December 2010) $1.071 trillion (31 December 2009)

Population below poverty line

7.9% (2010)

Public debt

52.4% of GDP (2011 est.) 54.5% of GDP (2010) general government gross debt; gross debt consists of all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest and/or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future; includes debt liabilities in the form of SDRs, currency and deposits, debt securities, loans, insurance, pensions and standardized guarantee schemes, and other accounts payable; all liabilities in the GFSM 2001 system are debt, except for equity and investment fund shares and financial derivatives and employee stock options

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$531.1 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $331.9 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of broad money

$1.166 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) $1.05 trillion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$1.381 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) $1.307 trillion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$955.1 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $925 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of domestic credit

$1.247 trillion (31 December 2012 est.) $1.159 trillion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of narrow money

$534.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $464.8 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

34.2% of GDP (2012 est.)

Unemployment rate

2.9% (2012 est.) 2.8% (2011 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

43.36 million Mt (2011 est.)

Crude oil - exports

0 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Crude oil - imports

258,200 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Crude oil - production

3,613 bbl/day (2012 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves

0 bbl (1 January 2013 es)

Electricity - consumption

60.42 billion kWh (2011 est.)

Electricity - exports

34.57 billion kWh (2012 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels

3.1% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

65.9% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

18% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources

3% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - imports

32.25 billion kWh (2012 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity

18.07 million kW (2010 est.)

Electricity - production

60.18 billion kWh (2011 est.)

Natural gas - consumption

3.682 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - exports

8.494 billion cu m (2012 est.)

Natural gas - imports

11.77 billion cu m (2012 est.)

Natural gas - production

0 cu m (2011 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves

0 cu m (1 January 2011 es)

Refined petroleum products - consumption

258,200 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports

7,585 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports

157,600 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production

96,710 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Broadcast media

the publicly owned radio and TV broadcaster, Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (SRG/SSR), operates 7 national TV networks, 3 broadcasting in German, 2 in Italian, and 2 in French; private commercial TV stations broadcast regionally and locally; TV broadcasts from stations in Germany, Italy, and France are widely available via multi-channel cable and satellite TV services; SRG/SSR operates 18 radio stations that, along with private broadcasters, provide national to local coverage (2009)

Internet country code

.ch

Internet hosts

5.301 million (2012)

Internet users

6.152 million (2009)

Telephone system

highly developed telecommunications infrastructure with excellent domestic and international services ranked among leading countries for fixed-line teledensity and infrastructure; mobile-cellular subscribership roughly 125 per 100 persons; extensive cable and microwave radio relay networks country code - 41; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean) (2011)

domestic

ranked among leading countries for fixed-line teledensity and infrastructure; mobile-cellular subscribership roughly 125 per 100 persons; extensive cable and microwave radio relay networks

general assessment

highly developed telecommunications infrastructure with excellent domestic and international services

international

country code - 41; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean) (2011)

Telephones - main lines in use

4.382 million (2012)

Telephones - mobile cellular

10.46 million (2012)

Airports

63 (2013)

Airports - with paved runways

17 (2013)

1,524 to 2,437 m

12

2,438 to 3,047 m

2

914 to 1,523 m

6

over 3,047 m

3

total

40

under 914 m

17 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

23 (2013)

total

23

Heliports

2 (2013)

Merchant marine

bulk carrier 19, cargo 9, chemical tanker 5, container 4, petroleum tanker 1 127 (Antigua and Barbuda 7, Bahamas 1, Belize 1, Cayman Islands 1, France 5, Germany 2, Hong Kong 5, Italy 13, Liberia 25, Luxembourg 1, Malta 20, Marshall Islands 12, NZ 2, Panama 15, Portugal 3, Russia 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7, Singapore 3, Spain 1) (2010)

registered in other countries

127 (Antigua and Barbuda 7, Bahamas 1, Belize 1, Cayman Islands 1, France 5, Germany 2, Hong Kong 5, Italy 13, Liberia 25, Luxembourg 1, Malta 20, Marshall Islands 12, NZ 2, Panama 15, Portugal 3, Russia 3, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 7, Singapore 3, Spain 1) (2010)

total

38

Pipelines

gas 1,800 km; oil 94 km; refined products 7 km (2013)

Ports and terminals

Basel

Railways

4,876 km 3,846 km 1.435-m gauge (3,591 km electrified) 1,020 km 1.000-m gauge (1,013 km electrified); 10 km 0.800-m gauge (10 km electrified) (2008)

narrow gauge

1,020 km 1.000-m gauge (1,013 km electrified); 10 km 0.800-m gauge (10 km electrified) (2008)

total

4,876 km

Roadways

71,464 km 71,464 km (includes 1,415 of expressways) (2011)

total

71,464 km

Waterways

1,292 km (there are 1,227 km of waterways on lakes and rivers for public transport and another 65 km on the Rhine River between Basel-Rheinfelden and Schaffhausen-Bodensee used for the transport of commercial goods) (2010)

Manpower available for military service

1,828,043 1,786,552 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

1,786,552 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

1,828,043

Manpower fit for military service

1,493,509 1,459,450 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

1,459,450 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

1,493,509

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

46,562 42,585 (2010 est.)

female

42,585 (2010 est.)

male

46,562

Military branches

Swiss Armed Forces: Land Forces, Swiss Air Force (Schweizer Luftwaffe) (2013)

Swiss Armed Forces

Land Forces, Swiss Air Force (Schweizer Luftwaffe) (2013)

Military expenditures

1% of GDP (2005 est.)

Military service age and obligation

19-26 years of age for male compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary male and female military service; every Swiss male has to serve at least 260 days in the armed forces; conscripts receive 18 weeks of mandatory training, followed by seven 3-week intermittent recalls for training during the next 10 years (2012)

Disputes - international

none

Illicit drugs

a major international financial center vulnerable to the layering and integration stages of money laundering; despite significant legislation and reporting requirements, secrecy rules persist and nonresidents are permitted to conduct business through offshore entities and various intermediaries; transit country for and consumer of South American cocaine, Southwest Asian heroin, and Western European synthetics; domestic cannabis cultivation and limited ecstasy production

Refugees and internally displaced persons

10,981 (Eritrea) (2012) 69 (2012)

refugees (country of origin)

10,981 (Eritrea) (2012)

stateless persons

69 (2012)