1984 Edition

Agriculture

animal husbandry predominates, with milk and dairy products accounting for 37% of farm income; main crops — grains, sugar beets, potatoes; 100% self-sufficient in grains and potatoes, 85% self-sufficient in sugar beets

Aid

donor — economic aid commitments (ODA and OOF) (1970-81), $5.0 billion

Airfields

257 total, 253 usable; 134 with permanent-surface runways; 9 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 89 with runways 1,2202,439 m

Area

449,964 km2; 55% forest, 7% arable, 2% meadow and pasture, 36% other

Branches

legislative authority rests with unicameral parliament (Riksdag); executive power vested in Cabinet, responsible to parliament; Supreme Court, 6 superior courts, 108 lower courts

Royal Swedish Army, Royal Swedish Air Force, Royal Swedish Navy

Budget

(1984/85) revenues $28.0 billion, expenditures $38.1 billion, deficit $10.1 billion

Capital

Stockholm

Civil air

55 major transports

Coastline

3,218 km People

Communists

VPK and SKP (both known as Swedish Communist Party); VPK, the major Communist party, is reported to have roughly 17,800 members; in the 1982 election, the VPK attracted 308,899 votes; in addition, there are 4 other active Communist parties, for which membership figures are not available; in the 1982 elections, these parties obtained an additional 6,500 votes

Crude steel

3.9 million metric tons produced (1982), 468 kg per capita

Elections

every three years (next in September 1985) Political parties and leaders: Moderate Coalition (conservative), Ulf Adelsohn; Center, Thorbjorn Falldin; People's Party (Liberal), Bengt Westerberg; Social Democratic, Olof Palme; Left Party-Communist, Lars Werner; Swedish Communist Party (SKP), Roland Pettersson; Communist Workers' Party, Rolf Hagel

Electric power

35,590,000 kW capacity (1983); 105.5 billion kWh produced (1983), 12,665 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

homogeneous white population; small Lappish minority; est. 12% foreign born or first generation immigrants (Finns, Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Creeks)

Exports

$26.73 billion (f.o.b., 1982); machinery, motor vehicles, wood pulp, paper products, iron and steel products, metal ores and scrap, chemicals

Fiscal year

1 July-30 June Communications

Fishing

catch 244,000 metric tons (1981), exports $76 million, imports $199.1 million

GDP

$81.0 billion, $10,285 per capita (1982); 53.3% private consumption, 12.7% private investment, 29.7% government consumption; 6.0% public investment; —1.0% change in stockbuilding; —0.9% net exports of goods and services; 1982 growth rate, 1.0%

Government leaders

CARL XVI Gustaf, King; Olof PALME, Prime Minister (Head of Government)

Highways

classified network, 97,400 km, of which 51,899 km paved; 20,659 km gravel; 24,842 km unimproved earth

Imports

$27.62 billion (c.i.f., 1982); machinery, motor vehicles, petroleum and petroleum products, textile yarn and fabrics, iron and steel, chemicals, food, and live animals

Inland waterways

2,052 km navigable for small steamers and barges

Labor force

4.35 million; 31% private services; 30.6% government services; 21.9% mining and manufacturing; 7.2% construction; 5.2% agriculture, forestry, and fishing; 0.9% electricity, gas, and waterworks; 2.5% unemployed (1981 average)

Land boundaries

2,196 km Water

Language

Swedish, small Lappand Finnish-speaking minorities; immigrants speak native languages

Legal system

civil law system influenced by customary law; a new constitution was adopted in 1975 replacing the Acts of 1809, 1866, and 1949; legal education at Universities of Lund, Stockholm, and Uppsala; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

12 nm (fishing 200 nm)

Literacy

99%

Major industries

iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed foods, motor vehicles

Major trade partners

EC 46.1%, other developed 33.9%, non-OPEC less developed countries 7.7%, OPEC 7.2%, CEMA 3.0% (1982)

Member of

ADB, Council of Europe, DAC, EC (Free Trade Agreement), EFTA, ESRO, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICES, ICO, IDA, IDB— Inter-American Development Bank, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, INTELSAT, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IPU, ISO, ITU, IWC— International Whaling Commission, IWC — International Wheat Council, Nordic Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG Economy

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 30 June 1983, $2.3 billion; about 6.2% of proposed central government budget 'AUSTRIA

Military manpower

males 15-49, 2,070,000; 1,834,000 fit for military service; 62,000 reach military age (19) annually

Monetary conversion rate

7.993 kronor=US$l (8 December 1983)

National holiday

no national holiday; King's birthday, 30 April, celebrated as such by Swedish embassies

Nationality

noun — Swede(s); adjective — Swedish

Official name

Kingdom of Sweden

Organized labor

80% of labor force Government

Political subdivisions

24 counties, 278 municipalities (townships)

Population

8,335,000 (July 1984), average annual growth rate 0.0%

Ports

17 major and 30 minor

Railroads

12,518 km total; Swedish State Railways (SJ)— 11,179 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 6,959 km electrified and 1,152 km double track; 182km 0.891-meter gauge; 117 km rail ferry service; privately owned railways — 511 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 332 km electrified; 371 km 0.891-meter gauge electrified

Religion

93.5% Evangelical Lutheran, 1.0% Roman Catholic, 5.5% other

Shortages

coal, petroleum, textile fibers, potash, salt, oils and fats, tropical products Sweden (continued) Switzerland

Suffrage

universal but not compulsory over age 18; after three years of legal residence immigrants may vote in county and municipal but not national elections

Telecommunications

excellent domestic and international facilities; 6.4 million telephones (77.2 per 100 popl.); 3 AM, 343 FM, and 814 TV stations; 9 submarine coaxial cables, 2 Atlantic Ocean satellite stations Defense Forces

Type

constitutional monarchy

Voting strength

(1982 election) 45.6% Social Democratic, 33.6% Moderate Coalition, 15.5% Center, 5.9% Liberal, 5.6% Communist, 3.8% other