2012 Edition

Background

The Slovene lands were part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until the latter's dissolution at the end of World War I. In 1918, the Slovenes joined the Serbs and Croats in forming a new multinational state, which was named Yugoslavia in 1929. After World War II, Slovenia became a republic of the renewed Yugoslavia, which though Communist, distanced itself from Moscow's rule. Dissatisfied with the exercise of power by the majority Serbs, the Slovenes succeeded in establishing their independence in 1991 after a short 10-day war. Historical ties to Western Europe, a strong economy, and a stable democracy have assisted in Slovenia's transformation to a modern state. Slovenia acceded to both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004; it joined the eurozone in 2007.

Area

20,273 sq km 20,151 sq km 122 sq km

total

20,273 sq km

water

122 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than New Jersey

Climate

Mediterranean climate on the coast, continental climate with mild to hot summers and cold winters in the plateaus and valleys to the east

Coastline

46.6 km

Elevation extremes

Adriatic Sea 0 m Triglav 2,864 m

highest point

Triglav 2,864 m

lowest point

Adriatic Sea 0 m

Environment - current issues

Sava River polluted with domestic and industrial waste; pollution of coastal waters with heavy metals and toxic chemicals; forest damage near Koper from air pollution (originating at metallurgical and chemical plants) and resulting acid rain

Environment - international agreements

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling none of the selected agreements

party to

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

0.9 457 cu m/yr (2002)

per capita

457 cu m/yr (2002)

total

0.9

Geographic coordinates

46 07 N, 14 49 E

Geography - note

despite its small size, this eastern Alpine country controls some of Europe's major transit routes

Irrigated land

100 sq km (2003)

Land boundaries

1,086 km Austria 330 km, Croatia 455 km, Hungary 102 km, Italy 199 km

border countries

Austria 330 km, Croatia 455 km, Hungary 102 km, Italy 199 km

total

1,086 km

Land use

8.53% 1.43% 90.04% (2005)

arable land

8.53%

other

90.04% (2005)

permanent crops

1.43%

Location

south Central Europe, Julian Alps between Austria and Croatia

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

12 nm

territorial sea

12 nm

Natural hazards

flooding; earthquakes

Natural resources

lignite coal, lead, zinc, building stone, hydropower, forests

Terrain

a short coastal strip on the Adriatic, an alpine mountain region adjacent to Italy and Austria, mixed mountains and valleys with numerous rivers to the east

Total renewable water resources

32.1 cu km (2005)

Age structure

13.4% (male 138,116/ female 129,804) 69.5% (male 698,993/ female 688,642) 17.1% (male 135,229/ female 205,833) (2012 est.)

0-14 years

13.4% (male 138,116/ female 129,804)

15-64 years

69.5% (male 698,993/ female 688,642)

65 years and over

17.1% (male 135,229/ female 205,833) (2012 est.)

Birth rate

8.76 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Death rate

11 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Education expenditures

5.2% of GDP (2007)

Ethnic groups

Slovene 83.1%, Serb 2%, Croat 1.8%, Bosniak 1.1%, other or unspecified 12% (2002 census)

Health expenditures

9.1% of GDP (2009)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

less than 0.1% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

fewer than 100 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

fewer than 1,000 (2009 est.)

Hospital bed density

4.7 beds/1,000 population (2008)

Infant mortality rate

4.12 deaths/1,000 live births 4.66 deaths/1,000 live births 3.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

female

3.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

total

4.12 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

Slovenian (official) 91.1%, Serbo-Croatian 4.5%, other or unspecified 4.4%, Italian (official, only in municipalities where Italian national communities reside), Hungarian (official, only in municipalities where Hungarian national communities reside) (2002 census)

Life expectancy at birth

77.48 years 73.83 years 81.36 years (2012 est.)

female

81.36 years (2012 est.)

total population

77.48 years

Literacy

NA 99.7% 99.7% 99.7% (2010 est.)

definition

NA

female

99.7% (2010 est.)

male

99.7%

total population

99.7%

Major cities - population

LJUBLJANA (capital) 260,000 (2009)

Maternal mortality rate

12 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Median age

42.8 years 41.1 years 44.5 years (2012 est.)

female

44.5 years (2012 est.)

male

41.1 years

total

42.8 years

Nationality

Slovene(s) Slovenian

adjective

Slovenian

noun

Slovene(s)

Net migration rate

0.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

15% (2001)

Physicians density

2.473 physicians/1,000 population (2008)

Population

1,996,617 (July 2012 est.)

Population growth rate

-0.185% (2012 est.)

Religions

Catholic 57.8%, Muslim 2.4%, Orthodox 2.3%, other Christian 0.9%, unaffiliated 3.5%, other or unspecified 23%, none 10.1% (2002 census)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population

rural

100% of population

total

100% of population

urban

100% of population

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

17 years 16 years 18 years (2008)

female

18 years (2008)

male

16 years

total

17 years

Sex ratio

1.07 male(s)/female 1.06 male(s)/female 1.01 male(s)/female 0.66 male(s)/female 0.95 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

15-64 years

1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.66 male(s)/female

at birth

1.07 male(s)/female

total population

0.95 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

under 15 years

1.06 male(s)/female

Total fertility rate

1.31 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

13.6% 13.8% 13.4% (2009)

female

13.4% (2009)

total

13.6%

Urbanization

50% of total population (2010) 0.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

rate of urbanization

0.2% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

urban population

50% of total population (2010)

Administrative divisions

200 municipalities (obcine, singular - obcina) and 11 urban municipalities (mestne obcine, singular - mestna obcina) Ajdovscina, Apace, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Cerkvenjak, Cirkulane, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca, Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Polhov Gradec, Dobrovnik/Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gorje, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina, Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola/Isola, Jesenice, Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Kosanjevica na Krki, Kostel, Kozje, Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava/Lendva, Litija, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Log-Dragomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Makole, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Mokronog-Trebelno, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran/Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka, Poljcane, Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na Koroskem, Razkrizje, Recica ob Savinji, Rence-Vogrsko, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogaska Slatina, Rogasovci, Rogatec, Ruse, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic, Sevnica, Sezana, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sredisce ob Dravi, Starse, Straza, Sveta Ana, Sveta Trojica v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij ob Scavnici, Sveti Jurij v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Tomaz, Salovci, Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur, Sentrupert, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smarjeske Toplice, Smartno ob Paki, Smartno pr Celje, Koper-Capodistria, Kranj, Ljubljana, Maribor, Murska Sobota, Nova Gorica, Novo Mesto, Ptuj, Slovenj Gradec, Velenje

municipalities

Ajdovscina, Apace, Beltinci, Benedikt, Bistrica ob Sotli, Bled, Bloke, Bohinj, Borovnica, Bovec, Braslovce, Brda, Brezice, Brezovica, Cankova, Cerklje na Gorenjskem, Cerknica, Cerkno, Cerkvenjak, Cirkulane, Crensovci, Crna na Koroskem, Crnomelj, Destrnik, Divaca, Dobje, Dobrepolje, Dobrna, Dobrova-Polhov Gradec, Dobrovnik/Dobronak, Dolenjske Toplice, Dol pri Ljubljani, Domzale, Dornava, Dravograd, Duplek, Gorenja Vas-Poljane, Gorisnica, Gorje, Gornja Radgona, Gornji Grad, Gornji Petrovci, Grad, Grosuplje, Hajdina, Hoce-Slivnica, Hodos, Horjul, Hrastnik, Hrpelje-Kozina, Idrija, Ig, Ilirska Bistrica, Ivancna Gorica, Izola/Isola, Jesenice, Jezersko, Jursinci, Kamnik, Kanal, Kidricevo, Kobarid, Kobilje, Kocevje, Komen, Komenda, Kosanjevica na Krki, Kostel, Kozje, Kranjska Gora, Krizevci, Krsko, Kungota, Kuzma, Lasko, Lenart, Lendava/Lendva, Litija, Ljubno, Ljutomer, Log-Dragomer, Logatec, Loska Dolina, Loski Potok, Lovrenc na Pohorju, Luce, Lukovica, Majsperk, Makole, Markovci, Medvode, Menges, Metlika, Mezica, Miklavz na Dravskem Polju, Miren-Kostanjevica, Mirna, Mirna Pec, Mislinja, Mokronog-Trebelno, Moravce, Moravske Toplice, Mozirje, Muta, Naklo, Nazarje, Odranci, Oplotnica, Ormoz, Osilnica, Pesnica, Piran/Pirano, Pivka, Podcetrtek, Podlehnik, Podvelka, Poljcane, Polzela, Postojna, Prebold, Preddvor, Prevalje, Puconci, Race-Fram, Radece, Radenci, Radlje ob Dravi, Radovljica, Ravne na Koroskem, Razkrizje, Recica ob Savinji, Rence-Vogrsko, Ribnica, Ribnica na Pohorju, Rogaska Slatina, Rogasovci, Rogatec, Ruse, Selnica ob Dravi, Semic, Sevnica, Sezana, Slovenska Bistrica, Slovenske Konjice, Sodrazica, Solcava, Sredisce ob Dravi, Starse, Straza, Sveta Ana, Sveta Trojica v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Andraz v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Jurij ob Scavnici, Sveti Jurij v Slovenskih Goricah, Sveti Tomaz, Salovci, Sempeter-Vrtojba, Sencur, Sentilj, Sentjernej, Sentjur, Sentrupert, Skocjan, Skofja Loka, Skofljica, Smarje pri Jelsah, Smarjeske Toplice, Smartno ob Paki, Smartno pr

urban municipalities

Celje, Koper-Capodistria, Kranj, Ljubljana, Maribor, Murska Sobota, Nova Gorica, Novo Mesto, Ptuj, Slovenj Gradec, Velenje

Capital

Ljubljana 46 03 N, 14 31 E UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

daylight saving time

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

geographic coordinates

46 03 N, 14 31 E

name

Ljubljana

time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Constitution

adopted 23 December 1991; amended 14 July 1997 and 25 July 2000

Country name

Republic of Slovenia Slovenia Republika Slovenija Slovenija People's Republic of Slovenia, Socialist Republic of Slovenia

conventional long form

Republic of Slovenia

conventional short form

Slovenia

former

People's Republic of Slovenia, Socialist Republic of Slovenia

local long form

Republika Slovenija

local short form

Slovenija

Diplomatic representation from the US

Ambassador Joseph A. MUSSOMELI Presernova 31, 1000 Ljubljana American Embassy Ljubljana, US Department of State, 7140 Ljubljana Place, Washington, DC 20521-7140 [386] (1) 200-5500 [386] (1) 200-5555

chief of mission

Ambassador Joseph A. MUSSOMELI

embassy

Presernova 31, 1000 Ljubljana

FAX

[386] (1) 200-5555

mailing address

American Embassy Ljubljana, US Department of State, 7140 Ljubljana Place, Washington, DC 20521-7140

telephone

[386] (1) 200-5500

Diplomatic representation in the US

Ambassador Roman KIRN 2410 California Street N.W., Washington, DC 20008 [1] (202) 386-6601 [1] (202) 386-6633 Cleveland

chancery

2410 California Street N.W., Washington, DC 20008

chief of mission

Ambassador Roman KIRN

consulate(s) general

Cleveland

FAX

[1] (202) 386-6633

telephone

[1] (202) 386-6601

Executive branch

President Borut PAHOR (since 22 December 2012) Prime Minister Janez JANSA (since 10 February 2012) Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 November and a runoff on 2 December 2012 (next presidential election to be held in 2017); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly Borut PAHOR elected president; percent of vote - Borut PAHOR 67.4%, Danilo TURK 32.6%; Janez JANSA elected prime minister by National Assembly vote 51-39

cabinet

Council of Ministers nominated by the prime minister and elected by the National Assembly

chief of state

President Borut PAHOR (since 22 December 2012)

election results

Borut PAHOR elected president; percent of vote - Borut PAHOR 67.4%, Danilo TURK 32.6%; Janez JANSA elected prime minister by National Assembly vote 51-39

elections

president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 11 November and a runoff on 2 December 2012 (next presidential election to be held in 2017); following National Assembly elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition usually nominated to become prime minister by the president and elected by the National Assembly

head of government

Prime Minister Janez JANSA (since 10 February 2012)

Flag description

three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red, derive from the medieval coat of arms of the Duchy of Carniola; the Slovenian seal (a shield with the image of Triglav, Slovenia's highest peak, in white against a blue background at the center; beneath it are two wavy blue lines depicting seas and rivers, and above it are three six-pointed stars arranged in an inverted triangle, which are taken from the coat of arms of the Counts of Celje, the great Slovene dynastic house of the late 14th and early 15th centuries) appears in the upper hoist side of the flag centered on the white and blue bands

Government type

parliamentary republic

Independence

25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

Australia Group, BIS, CD, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA (cooperating state), EU, FAO, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch

Supreme Court (judges are elected by the National Assembly on the recommendation of the Judicial Council); Constitutional Court (judges elected for nine-year terms by the National Assembly and nominated by the president)

Legal system

civil law system

Legislative branch

bicameral Parliament consists of a National Council or Drzavni Svet (40 seats; members indirectly elected by an electoral college to serve five-year terms; note - this is primarily an advisory body with limited legislative powers; it may propose laws, ask to review any National Assembly decision, and call national referenda) and the National Assembly or Drzavni Zbor (90 seats; 40 members directly elected and 50 are elected on a proportional basis; note - the number of directly elected and proportionally elected seats varies with each election; the constitution mandates 1 seat each for Slovenia's Hungarian and Italian minorities; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) National Assembly - last held on 4 December 2011 (next to be held in 2015) percent of vote by party - PS 28.6%, SDS 26.2%, SD 10.5%, LGV 8.4%, DeSUS 7%, SLS 6.9%, NSi 4.8%, other 7.6%; seats by party - PS 28, SDS 26, SD 10, LGV 8, DeSUS 6, SLS 6, NSi 4, Hungarian minority 1, Italian minority 1

election results

percent of vote by party - PS 28.6%, SDS 26.2%, SD 10.5%, LGV 8.4%, DeSUS 7%, SLS 6.9%, NSi 4.8%, other 7.6%; seats by party - PS 28, SDS 26, SD 10, LGV 8, DeSUS 6, SLS 6, NSi 4, Hungarian minority 1, Italian minority 1

elections

National Assembly - last held on 4 December 2011 (next to be held in 2015)

National anthem

"Zdravljica" (A Toast) France PRESEREN/Stanko PREMRL adopted 1989; the anthem was originally written in 1848; the full poem, whose seventh verse is used as the anthem, speaks of pan-Slavic nationalism

lyrics/music

France PRESEREN/Stanko PREMRL

name

"Zdravljica" (A Toast)

National holiday

Independence Day/Statehood Day, 25 June (1991)

National symbol(s)

Mount Triglav

Political parties and leaders

Civic List Party or LGV [Gregor VIRANT]; Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia or DeSUS [Karl ERJAVEC]; Liberal Democracy of Slovenia or LDS [Iztok PODBREGAR]; New Slovenia or NSi [Ljudmila NOVAK]; Positive Slovenia or PS [Zoran JANKOVIC]; Slovene National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC]; Slovene People's Party or SLS [Radovan ZERJAV]; Slovene Youth Party or SMS [Darko KRANJC]; Slovenian Democratic Party or SDS [Janez JANSA]; Social Democrats or SD [Igor LUKSIC] (formerly ZLSD); ZARES [Gregor GOLOBIC]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Slovenian Roma Association [Jozek Horvat MUC]; various trade and public sector employee unions Catholic Church

other

Catholic Church

Suffrage

18 years of age, 16 if employed; universal

Agriculture - products

potatoes, hops, wheat, sugar beets, corn, grapes; cattle, sheep, poultry

Budget

$20.5 billion $22.59 billion (2012 est.)

expenditures

$22.59 billion (2012 est.)

revenues

$20.5 billion

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-4.6% of GDP (2012 est.)

Central bank discount rate

1.5% (31 December 2012) 1.75% (31 December 2011) this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks in the euro area

Commercial bank prime lending rate

5.2% (31 December 2012 est.) 5.82% (31 December 2011 est.)

Current account balance

$297.6 million (2012 est.) $2.505 million (2011 est.)

Debt - external

$61.23 billion (30 June 2011) $51.57 billion (30 June 2010)

Distribution of family income - Gini index

28.4 (2008) 23.8 (2004)

Economy - overview

Slovenia became the first 2004 European Union entrant to adopt the euro (on 1 January 2007) and has experienced one of the most stable political and economic transitions in Central and Southeastern Europe. With the highest per capita GDP in Central Europe, Slovenia has excellent infrastructure, a well-educated work force, and a strategic location between the Balkans and Western Europe. Privatization has lagged since 2002, and the economy has one of highest levels of state control in the EU. Structural reforms to improve the business environment have allowed for somewhat greater foreign participation in Slovenia's economy and helped to lower unemployment. In March 2004, Slovenia became the first transition country to graduate from borrower status to donor partner at the World Bank. In 2007, Slovenia was invited to begin the process for joining the OECD; it became a member in 2012. Despite its economic success, foreign direct investment (FDI) in Slovenia has lagged behind the region average, and taxes remain relatively high. Furthermore, the labor market is often seen as inflexible, and legacy industries are losing sales to more competitive firms in China, India, and elsewhere. In 2009, the global recession caused the economy to contract - through falling exports and industrial production - by 8%, and unemployment to rise. Although growth resumed in 2010, it dipped into negative territory in 2012 and the unemployment rate continued to rise, exceeding 12% in 2012.

Exchange rates

euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.7838 (2012 est.) 0.7185 (2011 est.) 755 (2010 est.) 0.7198 (2009 est.) 0.6827 (2008 est.)

Exports

$28.42 billion (2012 est.) $29.59 billion (2011 est.)

Exports - commodities

manufactured goods, machinery and transport equipment, chemicals, food

Exports - partners

Germany 19.9%, Italy 11.9%, Austria 7.7%, Croatia 6.4%, France 5.7%, Hungary 4% (2011)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP - composition by sector

2.7% 27.6% 69.7% (2012 est.)

agriculture

2.7%

industry

27.6%

services

69.7% (2012 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$28,600 (2012 est.) $29,300 (2011 est.) $29,200 (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate

-2.2% (2012 est.) 0.6% (2011 est.) 1.2% (2010 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$45.42 billion (2012 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$57.93 billion (2012 est.) $59.25 billion (2011 est.) $58.89 billion (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

Household income or consumption by percentage share

3.4% 24.6% (2004)

highest 10%

24.6% (2004)

lowest 10%

3.4%

Imports

$29.83 billion (2012 est.) $31.05 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities

machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, chemicals, fuels and lubricants, food

Imports - partners

Germany 16.4%, Italy 16%, Austria 10.2%, Croatia 4.5%, France 4.1%, China 4.1% (2011)

Industrial production growth rate

3.2% (2011 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

2.5% (2012 est.) 1.8% (2011 est.)

Investment (gross fixed)

16.7% of GDP (2012 est.)

Labor force

932,300 (2012 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

2.2% 35% 62.8% (2009)

agriculture

2.2%

industry

35%

services

62.8% (2009)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$6.326 billion (31 December 2011) $9.428 billion (31 December 2010) $11.77 billion (31 December 2009)

Population below poverty line

12.3% (2008)

Public debt

53.2% of GDP (2012 est.) 46.9% of GDP (2011 est.) defined by the EU's Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year in the following categories of government liabilities: currency and deposits, securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives, and loans; general government sector comprises the subsectors: central government, state government, local government, and social security funds

defined by the EU's Maastricht Treaty as consolidated general government gross debt at nominal value, outstanding at the end of the year in the following categories of government liabilities

currency and deposits, securities other than shares excluding financial derivatives, and loans; general government sector comprises the subsectors: central government, state government, local government, and social security funds

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$1.154 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $991.3 million (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of broad money

$26.52 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $25.62 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$9.755 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $9.405 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$17.91 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $16.71 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of domestic credit

$49.6 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $48.54 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of narrow money

$16.03 billion (31 December 2011 est.) $16.12 billion (31 December 2010 est.) see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders

Taxes and other revenues

45.1% of GDP (2012 est.)

Unemployment rate

12.3% (2012 est.) 11.8% (2011 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

17.42 million Mt (2010 est.)

Crude oil - exports

0 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Crude oil - imports

0 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Crude oil - production

5 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves

NA bbl

Electricity - consumption

11.6 billion kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - exports

10.14 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels

42.2% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

34.5% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

21.5% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources

1.8% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - imports

8.014 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity

3.4 million kW (2010 est.)

Electricity - production

15.61 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Natural gas - consumption

1.06 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - exports

0 cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - imports

1.053 billion cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - production

7 million cu m (2010 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves

(1 January 2012 est.)

Refined petroleum products - consumption

52,930 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports

11,500 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports

60,270 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production

0 bbl/day (2008 est.)

Broadcast media

public TV broadcaster, Radiotelevizija Slovenija (RTV), operates a system of national and regional TV stations; 35 domestic commercial TV stations operating nationally, regionally, and locally; about 60% of households are connected to multi-channel cable TV; public radio broadcaster operates 3 national and 4 regional stations; more than 75 regional and local commercial and non-commercial radio stations (2007)

Internet country code

.si

Internet hosts

415,581 (2012)

Internet users

1.298 million (2009)

Telephone system

well-developed telecommunications infrastructure combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 150 telephones per 100 persons country code - 386

domestic

combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 150 telephones per 100 persons

general assessment

well-developed telecommunications infrastructure

international

country code - 386

Telephones - main lines in use

872,800 (2011)

Telephones - mobile cellular

2.168 million (2011)

Airports

16 (2012)

Airports - with paved runways

1 (2012)

1,524 to 2,437 m

1

2,438 to 3,047 m

1

914 to 1,523 m

3

over 3,047 m

1

total

7

under 914 m

1 (2012)

Airports - with unpaved runways

5 (2012)

1,524 to 2,437 m

1

914 to 1,523 m

3

total

9

under 914 m

5 (2012)

Merchant marine

24 (Cyprus 5, Liberia 7, Malta 4, Marshall Islands 6, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, Slovakia 1) (2010)

registered in other countries

24 (Cyprus 5, Liberia 7, Malta 4, Marshall Islands 6, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1, Slovakia 1) (2010)

Pipelines

gas 840 km; oil 5 km (2010)

Ports and terminals

Koper

Railways

1,228 km 1,228 km 1.435-m gauge (503 km electrified) (2007)

total

1,228 km

Roadways

38,925 km 38,925 km (includes 658 km of expressways) (2008)

total

38,925 km

Waterways

(there is some transport on the Drava River) (2012)

Manpower available for military service

477,592 464,301 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

464,301 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

477,592

Manpower fit for military service

392,075 380,077 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

380,077 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

392,075

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

9,818 9,395 (2010 est.)

female

9,395 (2010 est.)

male

9,818

Military branches

Slovenian Army (includes air and naval forces)

Military expenditures

1.7% of GDP (2005 est.)

Military service age and obligation

18-25 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2003 (2012)

Disputes - international

the Croatia-Slovenia land and maritime boundary agreement, which would have ceded most of Piran Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to Croatia, remains unratified and in dispute; Slovenia also protests Croatia's 2003 claim to an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Slovenia has implemented the strict Schengen border rules to curb illegal migration and commerce through southeastern Europe while encouraging close cross-border ties with Croatia

Illicit drugs

minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals