2013 Edition

Background

Slovakia's roots can be traced to the 9th century state of Great Moravia. Subsequently, the Slovaks became part of the Hungarian Kingdom, where they remained for the next 1,000 years. Following the formation of the dual Austro-Hungarian monarchy in 1867, language and education policies favoring the use of Hungarian (Magyarization) resulted in a strengthening of Slovak nationalism and a cultivation of cultural ties with the closely related Czechs, who were under Austrian rule. After the dissolution of the Austro-Hungarian Empire at the close of World War I, the Slovaks joined the Czechs to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar period, Slovak nationalist leaders pushed for autonomy within Czechoslovakia, and in 1939 Slovakia became an independent state allied with Nazi Germany. Following World War II, Czechoslovakia was reconstituted and came under communist rule within Soviet-dominated Eastern Europe. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize communist rule and create "socialism with a human face," ushering in a period of repression known as "normalization." The peaceful "Velvet Revolution" swept the Communist Party from power at the end of 1989 and inaugurated a return to democratic rule and a market economy. On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a nonviolent "velvet divorce" into its two national components, Slovakia and the Czech Republic. Slovakia joined both NATO and the EU in the spring of 2004 and the euro zone on 1 January 2009.

Area

49,035 sq km 48,105 sq km 930 sq km

total

49,035 sq km

water

930 sq km

Area - comparative

about twice the size of New Hampshire

Climate

temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation extremes

Bodrok River 94 m Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m

highest point

Gerlachovsky Stit 2,655 m

lowest point

Bodrok River 94 m

Environment - current issues

air pollution from metallurgical plants presents human health risks; acid rain damaging forests

Environment - international agreements

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling none of the selected agreements

party to

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

0.69 cu km/yr (47%/51%/3%) 126.7 cu m/yr (2010)

per capita

126.7 cu m/yr (2010)

total

0.69 cu km/yr (47%/51%/3%)

Geographic coordinates

48 40 N, 19 30 E

Geography - note

landlocked; most of the country is rugged and mountainous; the Tatra Mountains in the north are interspersed with many scenic lakes and valleys

Irrigated land

1,720 sq km (2007)

Land boundaries

1,474 km Austria 91 km, Czech Republic 197 km, Hungary 676 km, Poland 420 km, Ukraine 90 km

border countries

Austria 91 km, Czech Republic 197 km, Hungary 676 km, Poland 420 km, Ukraine 90 km

total

1,474 km

Land use

28.36% 0.41% 71.22% (2011)

arable land

28.36%

other

71.22% (2011)

permanent crops

0.41%

Location

Central Europe, south of Poland

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards

NA

Natural resources

brown coal and lignite; small amounts of iron ore, copper and manganese ore; salt; arable land

Terrain

rugged mountains in the central and northern part and lowlands in the south

Total renewable water resources

50.1 cu km (2011)

Age structure

15.5% (male 435,635/female 416,223) 12.6% (male 354,390/female 338,536) 45.1% (male 1,246,625/female 1,229,929) 13.3% (male 344,605/female 384,967) 13.4% (male 278,659/female 458,770) (2013 est.)

0-14 years

15.5% (male 435,635/female 416,223)

15-24 years

12.6% (male 354,390/female 338,536)

25-54 years

45.1% (male 1,246,625/female 1,229,929)

55-64 years

13.3% (male 344,605/female 384,967)

65 years and over

13.4% (male 278,659/female 458,770) (2013 est.)

Birth rate

10.27 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

79.8% percent of women aged 15-44 (1997)

Death rate

9.69 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)

Dependency ratios

38.9 % 20.9 % 18 % 5.6 (2013)

elderly dependency ratio

18 %

potential support ratio

5.6 (2013)

total dependency ratio

38.9 %

youth dependency ratio

20.9 %

Drinking water source

urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population (2010 est.)

rural

100% of population

total

100% of population (2010 est.)

urban

100% of population

Education expenditures

4.1% of GDP (2009)

Ethnic groups

Slovak 85.8%, Hungarian 9.7%, Roma 1.7%, Ruthenian/Ukrainian 1%, other and unspecified 1.8% (2001 census)

Health expenditures

9% of GDP (2010)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

less than 0.1% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

fewer than 100 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

fewer than 500 (2009 est.)

Hospital bed density

6.4 beds/1,000 population (2010)

Infant mortality rate

6.35 deaths/1,000 live births 7.4 deaths/1,000 live births 5.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)

female

5.24 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)

total

6.35 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

Slovak (official) 83.9%, Hungarian 10.7%, Roma 1.8%, Ukrainian 1%, other or unspecified 2.6% (2001 census)

Life expectancy at birth

76.24 years 72.36 years 80.31 years (2013 est.)

female

80.31 years (2013 est.)

total population

76.24 years

Literacy

age 15 and over can read and write 99.6% 99.7% 99.6% (2004)

definition

age 15 and over can read and write

female

99.6% (2004)

male

99.7%

total population

99.6%

Major urban areas - population

BRATISLAVA (capital) 428,000 (2009)

Maternal mortality rate

6 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Median age

38.4 years 36.9 years 39.9 years (2013 est.)

female

39.9 years (2013 est.)

male

36.9 years

total

38.4 years

Mother's mean age at first birth

27.3 (2010 est.)

Nationality

Slovak(s) Slovak

adjective

Slovak

noun

Slovak(s)

Net migration rate

0.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2013 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

25.4% (2008)

Physicians density

3 physicians/1,000 population (2007)

Population

5,488,339 (July 2013 est.)

Population growth rate

0.09% (2013 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 68.9%, Protestant 10.8%, Greek Catholic 4.1%, other or unspecified 3.2%, none 13% (2001 census)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 100% of population rural: 99% of population total: 100% of population urban: 0% of population rural: 1% of population total: 0% of population (2010 est.)

rural

1% of population

total

0% of population (2010 est.)

urban

0% of population

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

15 years 14 years 15 years (2011)

female

15 years (2011)

male

14 years

total

15 years

Sex ratio

1.05 male(s)/female 1.05 male(s)/female 1.05 male(s)/female 1.01 male(s)/female 0.89 male(s)/female 0.6 male(s)/female 0.94 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

0-14 years

1.05 male(s)/female

15-24 years

1.05 male(s)/female

25-54 years

1.01 male(s)/female

55-64 years

0.89 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.6 male(s)/female

at birth

1.05 male(s)/female

total population

0.94 male(s)/female (2013 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.39 children born/woman (2013 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

33.2% 33% 33.6% (2011)

female

33.6% (2011)

total

33.2%

Urbanization

54.7% of total population (2011) 0.06% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

rate of urbanization

0.06% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

urban population

54.7% of total population (2011)

Administrative divisions

8 regions (kraje, singular - kraj); Banskobystricky, Bratislavsky, Kosicky, Nitriansky, Presovsky, Trenciansky, Trnavsky, Zilinsky

Capital

Bratislava 48 09 N, 17 07 E UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

daylight saving time

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

geographic coordinates

48 09 N, 17 07 E

name

Bratislava

time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Constitution

several previous (preindependence); latest passed by legislature 1 September 1992, signed 3 September 1992, effective 1 October 1992; amended several times, last in 2011 (2011)

Country name

Slovak Republic Slovakia Slovenska republika Slovensko

conventional long form

Slovak Republic

conventional short form

Slovakia

local long form

Slovenska republika

local short form

Slovensko

Diplomatic representation from the US

Ambassador Theodore SEDGWICK (since 4 July 2010) Hviezdoslavovo Namestie 4, 81102 Bratislava P.O. Box 309, 814 99 Bratislava [421] (2) 5443-3338 [421] (2) 5441-8861

chief of mission

Ambassador Theodore SEDGWICK (since 4 July 2010)

embassy

Hviezdoslavovo Namestie 4, 81102 Bratislava

FAX

[421] (2) 5441-8861

mailing address

P.O. Box 309, 814 99 Bratislava

telephone

[421] (2) 5443-3338

Diplomatic representation in the US

Ambassador Peter KMEC (since 17 September 2012) 3523 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008 [1] (202) 237-1054 [1] (202) 237-6438 Los Angeles, New York

chancery

3523 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008

chief of mission

Ambassador Peter KMEC (since 17 September 2012)

consulate(s) general

Los Angeles, New York

FAX

[1] (202) 237-6438

telephone

[1] (202) 237-1054

Executive branch

President Ivan GASPAROVIC (since 15 June 2004) Prime Minister Robert FICO (since 4 April 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers Robert KALINAK, Peter KAZIMIR, Miroslav LAJCAK (since 4 April 2012), Lubomir VAZNY (since 26 November 2012) Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 March and 4 April 2009 (next to be held no later than April 2014); following National Council elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president Ivan GASPAROVIC reelected president in runoff; percent of vote - Ivan GASPAROVIC 55.5%, Iveta RADICOVA 44.5%

cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

chief of state

President Ivan GASPAROVIC (since 15 June 2004)

election results

Ivan GASPAROVIC reelected president in runoff; percent of vote - Ivan GASPAROVIC 55.5%, Iveta RADICOVA 44.5%

elections

president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 21 March and 4 April 2009 (next to be held no later than April 2014); following National Council elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of a majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president

head of government

Prime Minister Robert FICO (since 4 April 2012); Deputy Prime Ministers Robert KALINAK, Peter KAZIMIR, Miroslav LAJCAK (since 4 April 2012), Lubomir VAZNY (since 26 November 2012)

Flag description

three equal horizontal bands of white (top), blue, and red derive from the Pan-Slav colors; the Slovakian coat of arms (consisting of a red shield bordered in white and bearing a white double-barred cross of St. Cyril and St. Methodius surmounting three blue hills) is centered over the bands but offset slightly to the hoist side the Pan-Slav colors were inspired by the 19th-century flag of Russia

Government type

parliamentary democracy

Independence

1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CBSS (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNIDO, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch

Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic (consists of 78 judges - as of 2003 - organized into criminal, civil, commercial, and administrative divisions with 3- and 5-judge panels; Constitutional Court (consists of 13 judges) Supreme Court judge candidates proposed by the Judicial Council of the Slovak Republic, a 17-member independent body to include the Supreme Court chief justice and presidential and governmental appointees; judges appointed by the president for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; Constitutional Court judges nominated by the National Council of the Republic and appointed by the president; judges appointed for 12-year terms regional and district civil courts; Higher Military Court; military district courts; Court of Audit

highest court(s)

Supreme Court of the Slovak Republic (consists of 78 judges - as of 2003 - organized into criminal, civil, commercial, and administrative divisions with 3- and 5-judge panels; Constitutional Court (consists of 13 judges)

judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court judge candidates proposed by the Judicial Council of the Slovak Republic, a 17-member independent body to include the Supreme Court chief justice and presidential and governmental appointees; judges appointed by the president for life with mandatory retirement at age 65; Constitutional Court judges nominated by the National Council of the Republic and appointed by the president; judges appointed for 12-year terms

subordinate courts

regional and district civil courts; Higher Military Court; military district courts; Court of Audit

Legal system

civil law system based on Austro-Hungarian codes; note - legal code modified to comply with the obligations of Organization on Security and Cooperation in Europe and to expunge Marxist-Leninist legal system

Legislative branch

unicameral National Council of the Slovak Republic or Narodna Rada Slovenskej Republiky (150 seats; members elected on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms) last held on 10 March 2012 (next to be held in 2016) percent of vote by party - Smer-SD 44.4%, KDH 8.8%, OLaNO 8.6%, Most-Hid 6.9%, SDKU-DS 6.1%, SaS 5.9%, other 19.3%; seats by party - Smer-SD 83, KDH 16, OLaNO 16, Most-Hid 13, SDKU-DS 11, SaS 11

election results

percent of vote by party - Smer-SD 44.4%, KDH 8.8%, OLaNO 8.6%, Most-Hid 6.9%, SDKU-DS 6.1%, SaS 5.9%, other 19.3%; seats by party - Smer-SD 83, KDH 16, OLaNO 16, Most-Hid 13, SDKU-DS 11, SaS 11

elections

last held on 10 March 2012 (next to be held in 2016)

National anthem

"Nad Tatrou sa blyska" (Lightning Over the Tatras) Janko MATUSKA/traditional adopted 1993, in use since 1844; the anthem's music is based on the Slovak folk song "Kopala studienku"

lyrics/music

Janko MATUSKA/traditional

name

"Nad Tatrou sa blyska" (Lightning Over the Tatras)

National holiday

Constitution Day, 1 September (1992)

National symbol(s)

double-barred cross (Cross of St. Cyril and St. Methodius) surmounting three peaks

Political parties and leaders

Bridge or Most-Hid [Bela BUGAR] Christian Democratic Movement or KDH [Jan FIGEL] Direction-Social Democracy or Smer-SD [Robert FICO] Freedom and Solidarity or SaS [Richard SULIK] Ordinary People and Independent Personalities or OLaNO [Igor MATOVIC] Slovak Democratic and Christian Union-Democratic Party or SDKU-DS [Pavol FRESO] Civic Conservative Party or OKS [Ondrej DOSTAL] Nation and Justice - Our Party or NAS [Anna BELOUSOVOVA] Party of the Democratic Left or SDL [Jozef DURICA] Party of the Hungarian Coalition or SMK [Jozsef BERENYI] People's Party - Movement for a Democratic Slovakia or LS-HZDS [Vladimir MECIAR] People's Party - Our Slovakia or LSNS [Marian KOTLEBA] Slovak National Party or SNS [Andrej DANKO]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Association of Towns and Villages or ZMOS Confederation of Trade Unions or KOZ Entrepreneurs Association of Slovakia or ZPS Federation of Employers' Associations of the Slovak Republic Medical Trade Association or LOZ National Union of Employers or RUZ Slovak Chamber of Commerce and Industry or SOPK The Business Alliance of Slovakia or PAS

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Agriculture - products

grains, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, cattle, poultry; forest products

Budget

$30.41 billion $34.4 billion (2012 est.)

expenditures

$34.4 billion (2012 est.)

revenues

$30.41 billion

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-4.4% of GDP (2012 est.)

Central bank discount rate

1.75% (31 December 2011 est.) 1.75% (31 December 2010 est.) this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks from the euro area; Slovakia became a member of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) on 1 January 2009

Commercial bank prime lending rate

3.47% (31 December 2012 est.) 3.91% (31 December 2011 est.)

Current account balance

$2.096 billion (2012 est.) $52.86 million (2011 est.)

Debt - external

$68.44 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $68.61 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Distribution of family income - Gini index

26 (2005) 26.3 (1996)

Economy - overview

Slovakia has made significant economic reforms since its separation from the Czech Republic in 1993. Reforms to the taxation, healthcare, pension, and social welfare systems helped Slovakia consolidate its budget and get on track to join the EU in 2004 after a period of relative stagnation in the early and mid 1990s and to adopt the euro in January 2009. Major privatizations are nearly complete, the banking sector is almost entirely in foreign hands, and the government has helped facilitate a foreign investment boom with business friendly policies. Slovakia's economic growth exceeded expectations in 2001-08 despite a general European slowdown. Foreign direct investment (FDI), especially in the automotive and electronic sectors, fueled much of the growth until 2008. Cheap and skilled labor, low taxes, no dividend taxes, a relatively liberal labor code, and a favorable geographical location are Slovakia's main advantages for foreign investors. The economy contracted 5% in 2009 primarily as a result of smaller inflows of FDI and reduced demand for Slovakia''s exports before rebounding in 2010-11, but growth slowed in 2012 due to weakening external demand. The government of Prime Minister Robert FICO in 2012 implemented tax increases on higher-earning individuals and corporations, effectively scrapping Slovakia''s flat tax to help meet budget deficit targets of 4.9% of GDP in 2012 and 3% of GDP in 2013.

Exchange rates

euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.78 (2012 est.) 0.72 (2011 est.) 0.76 (2010 est.) 0.72 (2009 est.) 0.68 (2008 est.)

Exports

$80.67 billion (2012 est.) $78.5 billion (2011 est.)

Exports - commodities

machinery and electrical equipment 35.9%, vehicles 21%, base metals 11.3%, chemicals and minerals 8.1%, plastics 4.9% (2009 est.)

Exports - partners

Germany 22.3%, Czech Republic 14.9%, Poland 8.8%, Hungary 7.8%, Austria 7%, France 5.6%, Italy 4.9%, UK 4.1% (2012)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP - composition, by end use

57.3% 17.6% 21.5% -0.8% 95.6% -90.6% (2012 est.)

exports of goods and services

95.6%

government consumption

17.6%

household consumption

57.3%

imports of goods and services

-90.6%

investment in fixed capital

21.5%

investment in inventories

-0.8%

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

3.8% 37% 59.2% (2012 est.)

agriculture

3.8%

industry

37%

services

59.2% (2012 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$24,100 (2012 est.) $23,700 (2011 est.) $22,800 (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate

2% (2012 est.) 3.2% (2011 est.) 4.4% (2010 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$90.67 billion (2012 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$130.5 billion (2012 est.) $127.9 billion (2011 est.) $123.9 billion (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

Gross national saving

23% of GDP (2012 est.) 21.8% of GDP (2011 est.) 18.9% of GDP (2010 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

4.4% 22.4% (2009 est.)

highest 10%

22.4% (2009 est.)

lowest 10%

4.4%

Imports

$75.99 billion (2012 est.) $75.1 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities

machinery and transport equipment 31%, mineral products 13%, vehicles 12%, base metals 9%, chemicals 8%, plastics 6% (2009 est.)

Imports - partners

Germany 18.6%, Czech Republic 18%, Russia 9.9%, Austria 8%, Hungary 6.8%, Poland 6%, South Korea 4.1% (2012)

Industrial production growth rate

10.6% (2012 est.)

Industries

metal and metal products; food and beverages; electricity, gas, coke, oil, nuclear fuel; chemicals and manmade fibers; machinery; paper and printing; earthenware and ceramics; transport vehicles; textiles; electrical and optical apparatus; rubber products

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

3.6% (2012 est.) 3.9% (2011 est.)

Labor force

2.724 million (2012 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

3.5% 27% 69.4% (December 2009)

agriculture

3.5%

industry

27%

services

69.4% (December 2009)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$4.736 billion (31 December 2011) $4.15 billion (31 December 2010) $4.672 billion (31 December 2009)

Population below poverty line

21% (2002)

Public debt

52.1% of GDP (2012 est.) 43.3% of GDP (2011 est.) data cover general Government Gross Debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by Government entities, including sub-sectors of central government, state government, local government, and social security funds.

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$2.519 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $2.462 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of broad money

$52.73 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $52.99 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$11.09 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $11.61 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$62.49 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $58.69 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of domestic credit

$68.47 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $68.04 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of narrow money

$37.14 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $34.64 billion (31 December 2011 est.) see entry for the European Union for money supply in the euro area; the European Central Bank (ECB) controls monetary policy for the 17 members of the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); individual members of the EMU do not control the quantity of money circulating within their own borders

Taxes and other revenues

33.5% of GDP (2012 est.)

Unemployment rate

13.6% (2012 est.) 13.2% (2011 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

34.88 million Mt (2011 est.)

Crude oil - exports

262.5 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Crude oil - imports

108,400 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Crude oil - production

9,277 bbl/day (2012 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves

9 million bbl (1 January 2013 es)

Electricity - consumption

26.27 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - exports

13.08 billion kWh (2012 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels

42.2% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

20.4% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

23.2% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources

2.6% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)

Electricity - imports

13.88 billion kWh (2012 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity

7.855 million kW (2010 est.)

Electricity - production

24.39 billion kWh (2011 est.)

Natural gas - consumption

6.468 billion cu m (2011 est.)

Natural gas - exports

45.43 billion cu m (2012 est.)

Natural gas - imports

50.18 billion cu m (2012 est.)

Natural gas - production

105 million cu m (2012 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves

14.16 billion cu m (1 January 2013 es)

Refined petroleum products - consumption

83,910 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports

70,520 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports

28,380 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production

129,600 bbl/day (2010 est.)

Broadcast media

state-owned public broadcaster, Radio and Television of Slovakia (RTVS), operates 3 national TV stations and multiple national and regional radio networks; roughly 35 privately owned TV stations operating nationally, regionally, and locally; about 40% of households are connected to multi-channel cable or satellite TV; more than 20 privately owned radio stations (2008)

Internet country code

.sk

Internet hosts

1.384 million (2012)

Internet users

4.063 million (2009)

Telephone system

Slovakia has a modern telecommunications system that has expanded dramatically in recent years with the growth in cellular services analog system is now receiving digital equipment and is being enlarged with fiber-optic cable, especially in the larger cities; 3 companies provide nationwide cellular services country code - 421; 3 international exchanges (1 in Bratislava and 2 in Banska Bystrica) are available; Slovakia is participating in several international telecommunications projects that will increase the availability of external services (2011)

domestic

analog system is now receiving digital equipment and is being enlarged with fiber-optic cable, especially in the larger cities; 3 companies provide nationwide cellular services

general assessment

Slovakia has a modern telecommunications system that has expanded dramatically in recent years with the growth in cellular services

international

country code - 421; 3 international exchanges (1 in Bratislava and 2 in Banska Bystrica) are available; Slovakia is participating in several international telecommunications projects that will increase the availability of external services (2011)

Telephones - main lines in use

975,000 (2012)

Telephones - mobile cellular

6.095 million (2012)

Airports

35 (2013)

Airports - with paved runways

11 (2013)

1,524 to 2,437 m

3

2,438 to 3,047 m

2

914 to 1,523 m

3

over 3,047 m

2

total

21

under 914 m

11 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

5 (2013)

914 to 1,523 m

9

total

14

Heliports

1 (2013)

Merchant marine

cargo 9, refrigerated cargo 2 11 (Germany 3, Ireland 1, Italy 2, Montenegro 1, Slovenia 1, Turkey 1, Ukraine 2) (2010)

foreign-owned

11 (Germany 3, Ireland 1, Italy 2, Montenegro 1, Slovenia 1, Turkey 1, Ukraine 2) (2010)

total

11

Pipelines

gas 6,774 km; oil 419 km (2013)

Ports and terminals

Bratislava, Komarno

Railways

3,622 km 99 km 1.520-m gauge 3,473 km 1.435-m gauge (1,615 km electrified) 50 km 1.000-m or 0.750-m gauge (2008)

narrow gauge

50 km 1.000-m or 0.750-m gauge (2008)

standard gauge

3,473 km 1.435-m gauge (1,615 km electrified)

total

3,622 km

Roadways

43,916 km 38,238 km (includes 417 km of expressways) 5,678 km (2010)

total

43,916 km

unpaved

5,678 km (2010)

Waterways

172 km (on Danube River) (2012)

Manpower available for military service

1,405,310 1,369,897 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

1,369,897 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

1,405,310

Manpower fit for military service

1,156,113 1,139,380 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

1,139,380 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

1,156,113

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

31,646 30,219 (2010 est.)

female

30,219 (2010 est.)

male

31,646

Military branches

Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic (Ozbrojene Sily Slovenskej Republiky): Land Forces (Pozemne Sily), Air Forces (Vzdusne Sily) (2010)

Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic (Ozbrojene Sily Slovenskej Republiky)

Land Forces (Pozemne Sily), Air Forces (Vzdusne Sily) (2010)

Military expenditures

1.08% of GDP (2005 est.)

Military service age and obligation

18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription in peacetime suspended in 2006; women are eligible to serve (2012)

Disputes - international

bilateral government, legal, technical and economic working group negotiations continued in 2006 between Slovakia and Hungary over Hungary's completion of its portion of the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros hydroelectric dam project along the Danube; as a member state that forms part of the EU's external border, Slovakia has implemented the strict Schengen border rules

Illicit drugs

transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for Western Europe; producer of synthetic drugs for regional market; consumer of ecstasy

Refugees and internally displaced persons

1,523 (2013)

stateless persons

1,523 (2013)