Edition 2003 — San Marino

Administrative divisions

9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle

Age structure

0-14 years: 16.3% (male 2,364; female 2,220) 15-64 years: 67.1% (male 9,149; female 9,731) 65 years and over: 16.6% (male 2,009; female 2,646) (2003 est.)

Agriculture - products

wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides

Airports

none (2002) Military San Marino

Area

land: 61.2 sq km
total: 61.2 sq km
water: 0 sq km

Area - comparative

about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Background

The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco) also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marinus in 301 A.D. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy. Social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. Geography San Marino

Birth rate

10.49 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Budget

expenditures: $400 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
revenues: $400 million

Capital

San Marino

Climate

Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Constitution

8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino
local long form: Repubblica di San Marino
local short form: San Marino

Currency

euro (EUR)

Currency code

EUR

Death rate

7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Debt - external

$NA

Diplomatic representation from the US

the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the US Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino

Diplomatic representation in the US

San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s): Detroit and Honolulu
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington, DC and New York

Disputes - international

none This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003

Economic aid - recipient

$NA

Economy - overview

The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2000 more than 3 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.

Electricity - consumption

NA (2000)

Electricity - exports

0 kWh
note: electric power supplied by Italy

Electricity - imports

0 kWh
note: electricity supplied by Italy

Electricity - production

NA

Electricity - production by source

fossil fuel: 41.18%
hydro: 58.82%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0%

Elevation extremes

highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m

Environment - current issues

NA

Environment - international agreements

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Nuclear Test Ban
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution

Ethnic groups

Sammarinese, Italian

Exchange rates

euros per US dollar - 1.06 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)

Executive branch

cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term
chief of state: cochiefs of state Captain Regent Giovanni LONFERNINI and Captain Regent Valeria CIAVATTA (for the period 1 October 2003-31 March 2004)
election results: Giovanni LONFERNINI and Valeria CIAVATTA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA%; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - 40%
elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held NA September 2003 (next to be held NA March 2004); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 17 December 2002 (next to be held NA June 2007)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 17 December 2002)
note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (cochiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some of the prerogatives of a prime minister

Exports

trade data are included with the statistics for Italy

Exports - commodities

building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics

Fiscal year

calendar year Communications San Marino

Flag description

two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) Economy San Marino

GDP

purchasing power parity - $940 million (2001 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%

GDP - per capita

purchasing power parity - $34,600 (2001 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

7.5% (2001 est.)

Geographic coordinates

43 46 N, 12 25 E

Geography - note

landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines People San Marino

Government type

independent republic

Highways

paved: 220 km
total: 220 km
unpaved: 0 km (2001)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA%

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Household income or consumption by percentage share

highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%

Imports

trade data are included with the statistics for Italy

Imports - commodities

wide variety of consumer manufactures, food

Independence

3 September 301

Industrial production growth rate

6% (1997 est.)

Industries

tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine

Infant mortality rate

female: 5.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
male: 6.41 deaths/1,000 live births
total: 5.97 deaths/1,000 live births

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

3.3% (2001)

International organization participation

CE, ECE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WToO

Internet country code

.sm

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

2 (2000)

Internet users

NA Transportation San Marino

Irrigated land

NA sq km

Judicial branch

Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII

Labor force

18,500 (1999)

Labor force - by occupation

services 57%, industry 42%, agriculture 1% (2000 est.)

Land boundaries

border countries: Italy 39 km
total: 39 km

Land use

arable land: 16.67%
other: 83.33% (1998 est.)
permanent crops: 0%

Languages

Italian

Legal system

based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch

unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by direct, popular vote to serve five-year terms)
election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 41.4%, PSS 24.2%, PD 20.8%, APDS 8.2%, RC 3.4%, AN 1.9%; seats by party - PDCS 25, PSS 15, PD 12, APDS 5, RC 2, AN 1
elections: last held 10 June 2001 (next to be held by June 2006)

Life expectancy at birth

female: 85.26 years (2003 est.)
male: 77.9 years
total population: 81.43 years

Literacy

definition: age 10 and over can read and write
female: 95% (1976 est.) Government San Marino
male: 97%
total population: 96%

Location

Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Median age

female: 40 years (2002)
male: 39.2 years
total: 39.6 years

Military branches

Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar), Gendarmerie; note - the Voluntary Military Force performs ceremonial duties and limited police assistance

Military expenditures - dollar figure

$700,000 (FY00/01)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP

NA% Transnational Issues San Marino

National holiday

Founding of the Republic, 3 September (301)

Nationality

adjective: Sammarinese
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)

Natural hazards

NA

Natural resources

building stone

Net migration rate

11.13 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

Political parties and leaders

Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [leader NA]; Party of Democrats or PD [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Giovanni LONFERNINI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]

Political pressure groups and leaders

NA

Population

28,119 (July 2003 est.)

Population below poverty line

NA%

Population growth rate

1.38% (2003 est.)

Ports and harbors

none

Radio broadcast stations

AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Radios

16,000 (1997)

Railways

0 km; note - there is a 1.5-km cable railway connecting the city of San Marino to Borgo Maggiore

Religions

Roman Catholic

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Telephone system

domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system
general assessment: adequate connections
international: connected to Italian international network

Telephones - main lines in use

18,000 (1998)

Telephones - mobile cellular

3,010 (1998)

Television broadcast stations

1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)

Televisions

9,000 (1997)

Terrain

rugged mountains

Total fertility rate

1.31 children born/woman (2003 est.)

Unemployment rate

2.6% (2001)

Waterways