1994 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1994 (Project Gutenberg)
Introduction
Administrative divisions
9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle
Agriculture
employs 3% of labor force; products - wheat, grapes, maize, olives, meat, cheese, hides; small numbers of cattle, pigs, horses; depends on Italy for food imports
Area
total area: 60 sq km land area: 60 sq km comparative area: about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Birth rate
11.17 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Branches
public security or police force
Budget
revenues: $275 million expenditures: $275 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1992 est.)
Capital
San Marino
Climate
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Constitution
8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Currency
1 Italian lire (Lit) = 100 centesimi; note - also mints its own coins
Death rate
7.39 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Defense expenditures
$3.7 million (1992 est.), 1% of GDP
Digraph
SM
Diplomatic representation in US
honorary consulate(s) general: Washington and New York honorary consulate(s): Detroit
Economic aid
$NA
Electricity
supplied by Italy
Environment
international agreements: NA current issues: NA natural hazards: signed, but not ratified - Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change
Ethnic divisions
Sammarinese, Italian
Exchange rates
Italian lire (Lit) per US$1 - 1,700.2 (January 1994), 1,573.7 (1993), 1,232.4 (1992), 1,240.6 (1991), 1,198.1 (1990), 1,372.1 (1989)
Executive branch
co-chiefs of state: Captain Regent Alberto CECCHETTI and Captain Regent Fausto MULARONI (for the period 1 April 1994-30 September 1994) real executive power is wielded by the secretary of state for foreign affairs and the secretary of state for internal affairs head of government: Secretary of State Gabriele GATTI (since July 1986) cabinet: Congress of State; elected by the Council for the duration of its term
Exports
trade data are included with the statistics for Italy; commodity trade consists primarily of exchanging building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, and ceramics for a wide variety of consumer manufactures
External debt
$NA
Fiscal year
calendar year
Flag
two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
Great and General Council
(Consiglio Grande e Generale) elections last held 30 May 1993 (next to be held by NA May 1998); results - DCS 41.4%, PSS 23.7%, PDP 18.6%, ADP 7.7%, MD 5.3%, RC 3.3%; seats - (60 total) DCS 26, PSS 14, PDP 11, ADP 4, MD 3, RC 2
Highways
total: 104 km paved: NA unpaved: NA
Imports
see exports
Independence
301 AD (by tradition)
Industrial production
growth rate NA%; accounts for 42% of workforce
Industries
wine, olive oil, cement, leather, textile, tourism
Infant mortality rate
5.6 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
6.2% (1992 est.)
International disputes
none
Irrigated land
NA sq km
Judicial branch
Council of Twelve (Consiglio dei XII)
Labor force
4,300 (est.) by occupation: NA
Land boundaries
total 39 km, Italy 39 km
Land use
arable land: 17% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 0% forest and woodland: 0% other: 83%
Languages
Italian
Legal system
based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch
unicameral
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 81.23 years male: 77.17 years female: 85.28 years (1994 est.)
Literacy
age 14 and over can read and write (1976) total population: 96% male: 96% female: 95%
Location
Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references
Europe, Standard Time Zones of the World
Maritime claims
none; landlocked
Member of
CE, CSCE, ECE, ICAO, ICFTU, ILO, IMF, IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, LORCS, NAM (guest), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTO
Names
conventional long form: Republic of San Marino conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino
National holiday
Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic, 3 September
National product
GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $370 million (1992 est.)
National product per capita
$16,000 (1992 est.)
National product real growth rate
NA%
Nationality
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural) adjective: Sammarinese
Natural resources
building stone
Net migration rate
5.77 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
Note
landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
Overview
The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 1991 more than 3.1 million tourists visited San Marino, 2.7 million of whom were Italians. The key industries are wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of Italy.
Political parties and leaders
Christian Democratic Party (DCS), Pier Marino MENICUCCI, Luigi LONFERNINI; Democratic Progressive Party (PDP) formerly San Marino Communist Party (PSS), Stefano MACINA; San Marino Socialist Party (PSS), Dr. Emma ROSSI, Antonio Lazzaro VOLPINARI; Democratic Movement (MD), Emilio Della BALDA; Popular Democratic Alliance (ADP); Communist Refoundation (RC), Guiseppe AMICHI, Renato FABBRI
Population
24,091 (July 1994 est.)
Population growth rate
0.96% (1994 est.)
Religions
Roman Catholic
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Telecommunications
automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system; 11,700 telephones; broadcast services from Italy; microwave and cable links into Italian networks; no communication satellite facilities
Terrain
rugged mountains
Total fertility rate
1.53 children born/woman (1994 est.)
Type
republic
Unemployment rate
3% (1991)
US diplomatic representation
no mission in San Marino, but the Consul General in Florence (Italy) is accredited to San Marino