1992 Edition

Climate

Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers

Coastline

none - landlocked

Comparative area

about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Disputes

none

Environment

dominated by the Appenines

Land area

60 km2

Land boundaries

39 km; Italy 39 km

Land use

arable land 17%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 0%; forest and woodland 0%; other 83%

Maritime claims

none - landlocked

Natural resources

building stones

Note

landlocked; world's smallest republic; enclave of Italy

Terrain

rugged mountains

Total area

60 km2

Birth rate

8 births/1,000 population (1992)

Death rate

7 deaths/1,000 population (1992)

Ethnic divisions

Sanmarinese, Italian

Infant mortality rate

8 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)

Labor force

about 4,300

Languages

Italian

Life expectancy at birth

74 years male, 79 years female (1992)

Literacy

96% (male 96%, female 95%) age 14 and over can read and write (1976)

Nationality

noun - Sanmarinese (singular and plural); adjective - Sanmarinese

Net migration rate

5 migrants/1,000 population (1992)

Organized labor

Democratic Federation of Sanmarinese Workers (affiliated with ICFTU) has about 1,800 members; Communist-dominated General Federation of Labor, 1,400 members

Population

23,404 (July 1992), growth rate 0.6% (1992)

Religions

Roman Catholic

Total fertility rate

1.3 children born/woman (1992)

Administrative divisions

9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Monte Giardino, San Marino, Serravalle

Capital

San Marino

Co-Chiefs of State

Captain Regent Edda CETCOLI and Captain Regent Marino RICCARDI (since 1 October 1991)

Communists

about 300 members

Constitution

8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution

Diplomatic representation

San Marino maintains honorary Consulates General in Washington and New York and an honorary Consulate in Detroit

Executive branch

two captains regent, Congress of State (cabinet); real executive power is wielded by the secretary of state for foreign affairs and the secretary of state for internal affairs

Flag

two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word

AS (Liberty)

Great and General Council

last held 29 May 1988 (next to be held by NA May 1993); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (60 total) DCS 27, PCS 18, PSU 8, PSS 7

Head of Government

Secretary of State Gabriele GATTI (since July 1986)

Independence

301 AD (by tradition)

Judicial branch

Council of Twelve (Consiglio dei XII)

Legal system

based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch

unicameral Great and General Council (Consiglio Grande e Generale)

Long-form name

Republic of San Marino

Member of

CE, CSCE, ICAO, ICFTU, ILO, IMF (observer), IOC, IOM (observer), ITU, LORCS, NAM (guest), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WTO

National holiday

Anniversary of the Foundation of the Republic, 3 September

Political parties and leaders

Christian Democratic Party (DCS), Piermarino MENICUCCI; San Marino Democratic Progressive Party (PPDS) formerly San Marino Communist Party (PCS), Gilberto GHIOTTI; San Marino Socialist Party (PSS), Remy GIACOMINI; Unitary Socialst Party (PSU); Democratic Movement (MD), Emilio Della BALDA; San Marino Social Democratic Party (PSDS), Augusto CASALI; San Marino Republican Party (PRS), Cristoforo BUSCARINI

Suffrage

universal at age 18

Type

republic

Budget

revenues $99.2 million; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (1983)

GDP

purchasing power equivalent - $400 million, per capita $17,000; real growth rate NA% (1991 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

6% (1990)

Overview

More than 2 million tourists visit each year, contributing about 60% to GDP. The sale of postage stamps to foreign collectors is another important income producer. The manufacturing sector employs nearly 40% of the labor force and agriculture less than 4%. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to northern Italy.

Unemployment rate

6.5% (1985)

Highways

104 km

Telecommunications

automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system; 11,700 telephones; broadcast services from Italy; microwave and cable links into Italian networks; no communication satellite facilities

Branches

public security or police force of less than 50 people

Defense expenditures

exchange rate conversion - $NA, NA% of GDP

Manpower availability

all fit men ages 16-60 constitute a militia that can serve as an army