1993 Edition
CIA World Factbook 1993 (Project Gutenberg)
Geography
Area
total area: 242 km2 land area: 242 km2 comparative area: slightly less than 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Climate
cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline
120 km
Environment
vegetation scanty
International disputes
focus of maritime boundary dispute between Canada and France
Irrigated land
NA km2
Land boundaries
0 km
Land use
arable land: 13% permanent crops: 0% meadows and pastures: 0% forest and woodland: 4% other: 83%
Location
in the North Atlantic Ocean, 25 km south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references
North America
Maritime claims
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm
Natural resources
fish, deepwater ports
Terrain
mostly barren rock
People and Society
Birth rate
13.44 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate
6.14 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Ethnic divisions
Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Infant mortality rate
12.73 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Labor force
2,850 (1988) by occupation: NA
Languages
French
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 75.19 years male: 73.56 years female: 77.16 years (1993 est.)
Literacy
age 15 and over can read and write (1982) total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99%
Nationality
noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French
Net migration rate
0.59 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Population
6,652 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate
0.79% (1993 est.)
Religions
Roman Catholic 98%
Total fertility rate
1.73 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Government
Administrative divisions
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Capital
Saint-Pierre
Chief of State
President Francois MITTERRAND (since 21 May 1981)
Constitution
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Digraph
SB
Diplomatic representation in US
as a territorial collectivity of France, local interests are represented in the US by France
Executive branch
French president, commissioner of the Republic
Flag
the flag of France is used
French National Assembly
last held 21 and 28 March 1993 (next to be held NA June 1998); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) number of seats by party NA; note - Saint Pierre and Miquelon elects 1 member each to the French Senate and the French National Assembly who are voting members
French President
last held 8 May 1988 (next to be held NA May 1995); results - (second ballot) Jacques CHIRAC 56%, Francois MITTERRAND 44%
French Senate
last held NA September 1986 (next to be held NA September 1995); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (1 total) PS 1
General Council
last held September-October 1988 (next to be held NA September 1994); results - percent of vote by party NA; seats - (19 total) Socialist and other left-wing parties 13, UDF and right-wing parties 6
Head of Government
Commissioner of the Republic Kamel KHRISSATE (since NA); President of the General Council Marc PLANTEGENET (since NA)
Independence
none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Judicial branch
Superior Tribunal of Appeals (Tribunal Superieur d'Appel)
Legal system
French law
Legislative branch
unicameral General Council
Member of
FZ
Names
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
National holiday
National Day, Taking of the Bastille, 14 July
Political parties and leaders
Socialist Party (PS), Albert PEN; Union for French Democracy (UDF/CDS), Gerard GRIGNON
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Type
territorial collectivity of France
US diplomatic representation
none (territorial collectivity of France)
Economy
Agriculture
vegetables, cattle, sheep, pigs for local consumption; fish catch of 20,500 metric tons (1989)
Budget
revenues $18.3 million; expenditures $18.3 million, including capital expenditures of $5.5 million (1989)
Currency
1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes
Economic aid
Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $500 million
Electricity
10,000 kW capacity; 25 million kWh produced, 3,840 kWh per capita (1992)
Exchange rates
French francs (F) per US$1 - 5.4812 (January 1993), 5.2938 (1992), 5.6421 (1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988)
Exports
$25.5 million (f.o.b., 1990) commodities: fish and fish products, fox and mink pelts partners: US 58%, France 17%, UK 11%, Canada, Portugal
External debt
$NA
Fiscal year
calendar year
Imports
$87.2 million (c.i.f., 1990) commodities: meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials partners: Canada, France, US, Netherlands, UK
Industrial production
growth rate NA%
Industries
fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
NA%
National product
GDP - exchange rate conversion - $60 million (1991 est.)
National product per capita
$9,500 (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate
NA%
Overview
The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre has dropped steadily over the years. In March 1989, an agreement between France and Canada set fish quotas for Saint Pierre's trawlers fishing in Canadian and Canadian-claimed waters for three years. The agreement settles a longstanding dispute that had virtually brought fish exports to a halt. The islands are heavily subsidized by France. Imports come primarily from Canada and France.
Unemployment rate
9.6% (1990)
Communications
Airports
total: 2 usable: 2 with permanent-surface runways: 2 with runways over 3,659 m: with runways 2,440-3,659 m: with runways 1,220-2,439 m: 1
Highways
120 km total; 60 km paved (1985)
Ports
Saint Pierre
Telecommunications
3,601 telephones; broadcast stations - 1 AM, 3 FM, no TV; radio communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Military and Security
Note
defense is the responsibility of France