1986 Edition

Agriculture

main crops — wheat, potatoes, beans, rice, barley, coffee, cotton, sugarcane; imports — wheat, meat, lard and oils, rice, corn; an illegal producer of coca for the international drug trade

main crops — rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, bananas, abaca, tobacco

Airfields

246 total, 228 usable; 32 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways over 3,659 m, 25 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 43 with runways 1,2202,439 m

331 total, 284 usable; 70 with permanent-surface runways; 10 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 48 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Branches

Peruvian Army, Peruvian Navy, Peruvian Air Force

constitution provides for unicameral legislature (Batasang Pambansa) and a strong executive branch under President and Prime Minister; judicial branch headed by Supreme Court with descending authority in a three-tiered system of local, regional trial, and intermediate appellate courts

Army, Navy, Air Force, Constabulary— Integrated National Police

Budget

1984 — revenues, $2.7 billion; expenditures, $3.6 billion

(1984) revenues, $3. 1 billion; expenditures, $2.8 billion, deficit, $0.3 billion

Capital

Manila (de facto), Quezon City (designated)

Civil air

27 major transport aircraft

approximately 53 major transport aircraft

Coastline

about 22,540 km People Popu/a«on:58,091,000(July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.2%

Communists

Communist Party of Peru (PCP), pro-Soviet, 2,000; pro-Chinese (2 factions) 1,200

the Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) controls about 16,000 fulltime insurgents; not recognized as legal party; a second Communist party, the proSoviet Philippine Communist Party (PKP), has quasi-legal status

Elections

presidential election held on 7 February 1986; Ferdinand Marcos initially declared winner; following civil unrest and military rebellion, he left office and Aquino assumed presidency; provincial and legislative elections may be scheduled for late 1986

Electric power

3,720,000 kW capacity (1985); 13.1 billion kWh produced (1985), 67 IkWh per capita

6,290,000 kW capacity (1985); 22 billion kWh produced (1985), 387 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

91.5% Christian Malay, 4% Muslim Malay, 1.5% Chinese, 3% other

Exports

$3.3 billion (f.o.b., 1984); fishmeal, cotton, sugar, coffee, copper, iron ore, gold, refined silver, lead, zinc, crude petroleum and byproducts

$4.636 billion (f.o.b., 1985 prelim.); coconut products, sugar, logs and lumber, copper concentrates, bananas, garments, nickel, electrical components, gold

Fiscal year

calendar year Communications

calendar year Communications

Fishing

catch 1.450 million metric tons (1983); exports— oil, other products, $137 million (1984); meal, $202 million (1982)

catch 1.8 million metric tons (1982)

GNP

$17 billion (1984), $980 per capita (1984); 72% private consumption, 15% public consumption, 13% gross investment; 1% net foreign balance (1983); real growth rate (1985), 2.5%

$33.590 billion (1985 prelim.), $590 per capita; —3.8% real growth, 1985 prelim.

Government leader

Corazon AQUINO, President (since February 1986); Salvador LAUREL, Vice President, Prime Minister, and Foreign Minister (since February 1986)

Highways

56,645 km total; 6,030 km paved, 11,865 km gravel, 14,610 km improved earth, 24,140 km unimproved earth

152,800 km total (1980); 27,800 km paved; 73,000 km gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized soil surface; 52,000 km unimproved earth

Imports

$2.6 billion (f.o.b., 1984); foodstuffs, machinery, transport equipment, iron and steel semimanufactures, chemicals, Pharmaceuticals

$5.085 billion (f.o.b., 1985 prelim.); petroleum, industrial equipment, wheat

Infant mortality rate

59/1,000 (1982)

Inland waterways

8,600 km of navigable tributaries of Amazon River system and 208 km Lago Titicaca

3,219 km; limited to shallow-draft (less than 1.5 m) vessels

Labor force

20.0.61 million (1985 prelim); 47.0% agriculture, 20% industry and commerce, 13.5% services, 10.0% government, 9.5% other; 6.2% unemployment rate (1984 prelim.) Government

Language

Filipino (based on Tagalog) and English (both official)

Legal system

based on Spanish, Islamic, and Anglo-American law; parliamentary constitution passed 1973; constitution amended in 1981 to provide for Frenchstyle mixed presidential-parliamentary system; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; legal education at University of the Philippines, Ateneo de Manila University, and 71 other law schools; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

Life expectancy

64

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

up to 285 nm, based on limits described in the Treaty of Paris, 10 December 1898, the USSpain Treaty of 7 November 1900, and the US-UK Treaty of 2 January 1930, are considered to be the territorial sea (200 nm exclusive economic zone)

Literacy

about 88%

Major industries

mining of metals, petroleum, fishing, textiles and clothing, food processing, cement, auto assembly, steel, shipbuilding, metal fabrication

textiles, Pharmaceuticals, chemicals, wood products, food processing, electronics assembly

Major trade partners

exports — 38% US, 20% EC, 11% Japan, 9% Latin America, 4% UK (1984); imports— 29% US, 22% EC, 17% Latin America, 7% Japan, 5% FRG (1984)

(1983) exports— 36% US, 20% Japan; imports— 23% US, 17% Japan

Member of

Andean Pact, AIOEC, ASSIMER, CIPEC, FAO, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IATP, IBRD, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IDE — Inter-American Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, INTERPOL, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, ISO, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, LAIA, NAM, OAS, PAHO, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WSG, WTO Economy

ADB, ASEAN, ASPAC, Colombo Plan, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, IRC, ISO, ITU, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Economy

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1986, $569 million; about 15.7% of central government budget

Military manpower

males 15-49, 4,843,000; 3,282,000 fit for military service; 188,000 reach military age (20) annually 500km Philippine Sea Mindanao Land 300,440 km2; slightly larger than Nevada; 53% forest, 30% arable, 5% pasture, 12% other Water

males 15-49, 14,553,000; 10,315,000 fit for military service; about 610,000 reach military age (20) annually

Monetary conversion rate

13,943 soles= US$1 (November 1985); new currency, the inti, has been in circulation since January 1986; 1 inti= 1,000 soles (January 1986)

(floating) 18.8 pesos=US$l (December 1985)

National holiday

Independence Day, 12 June

Nationality

noun — Filipino(s); adjective — Philippine

Natural resources

minerals, metals, petroleum, forests, fish

timber, petroleum, nickel, iron, cobalt, silver, gold

Official name

Republic of the Philippines

Pipelines

crude oil, 800 km; natural gas and natural gas liquids, 64 km

refined products, 357 km

Political parties

national parties are New Society Movement (KBL); United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO); and the Liberals, Nacionalistas, and PDP-Laban; prominent regional parties include the Mindanao Alliance and the Pusyon Visaya

Political subdivisions

74 provinces and 61 chartered cities

Ports

7 major, 25 minor

10 major, numerous minor

Railroads

1,876 km total; 1,576 km 1.435meter standard gauge, 300 km 0.914-meter gauge

378 km operable (1982); 34% government owned

Religion

83% Roman Catholic, 9% Protestant, 5% Muslim, 3% Buddhist and other

Suffrage

universal and compulsory

Supply

limited small arms and small arms ammunition, small patrol craft production; licensed assembly of transport aircraft; most other materiel obtained from US; naval ships and equipment from Australia, Japan, Singapore, US, and FRG; aircraft and helicopters from FRG, US, Italy, Australia, and the Netherlands

Telecommunications

fairly adequate for most requirements; nationwide radio-relay system; 2 Atlantic Ocean satellite stations, 12 domestic antennas; 544,000 telephones (2.9 per 100 popl.); 250 AM, 138 TV stations Defense Forces

good international radio and submarine cable services; domestic and interisland service adequate; 707,000 telephones (1.28 per 100 popl.); 267 AM stations, including 6 US; 55 FM stations; 33 TV stations, including 4 US; submarine cables extended to Hong Kong, Guam, Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan; tropospheric-scatter link to Taiwan; 2 international ground satellite stations; 11 domestic satellite stations Defense Forces

Type

republic