1986 Edition

Agriculture

main crops — cotton, limes, potatoes, tomatoes, hot peppers; livestock — cattle, pigs, sheep, goats, poultry

cereal farming and livestock raising predominate; main products — wheat, barley, citrus fruit, wine, vegetables, olives; some fishing; an illegal producer of cannabis for the international drug trade

Airfields

1 with permanent-surface runway 1,036.32 m

Area

13.5% construction, 12.3% trade, restaurants, and hotels, 10.5% manufacturing, 8.8% agriculture, forestry, and fishing, 14.4% other; 7.0% unemployment (1984)

Branches

Executive Council presided over by governor, consisting of two ex-officio members (attorney general and financial officer) and four unofficial members (chief minister and three other ministers); Legislative Council presided over by speaker chosen from outside the Council, seven elected, two official, and two nominated members

constitution provides for Prime Minister and ministers named by and responsible to King; King has paramount executive powers; unicameral legislature (Chamber of Representatives), of which two-thirds of the members are directly elected and onethird are indirectly elected; judiciary independent of other branches

Budget

(1984 est.) revenue $10.6 million; expenditure $10.7 million

Capital

Plymouth

Rabat

Coastline

1,835 km People

Communists

probably none Economy

2,000 est.

Elections

at least once every five years; last election held February 1983 Political parties and leaders: People's Liberation Movement (PLM), John Osborne; Progressive Democratic Party (PDF), P. Austin Bramble; United National Front (UNF), Dr. George Irish; National Development Party (NDP), Bertram Osborne

provincial elections held 10 June 1983; elections for National Assembly held 14 September 1984 Political parties and leaders: Morocco has 14 political parties; the major ones are Istiqlal Party, M'Hamed Boucetta; Socialist Union of Popular Forces (USFP), Abderrahim Bouabid; Popular Movement (MP), Mahjoubi Aherdan; National Assembly of Independents (RNI) formed in October 1978 is progovernment grouping of previously unaffiliated deputies in parliament, Ahmed Osman; National Democratic Party (PND), a splinter group from the RNI formed July 1981, Mohamed Arsalane El-Jadidi; Party for Progress and Socialism (PPS), legalized in August 1974, is front for Moroccan Communist Party (PCM), which was proscribed in 1959, Ali Yata; new promonarchy party — the Constitutional Union (UC), Maati Bouabid

Electric power

3,900 kW capacity (1985); 12 million kWh produced (1985), 1,000 per capita

1,930,100 kW capacity (1985); 6.763 billion kWh produced (1985), 290 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

99. 1 % ArabBerber, 0.7% non-Moroccan, 0.2% Jewish

Exports

$1.6 million (1983); plastic bags, electronic parts, textiles; hot peppers, live plants; cattle

$2.2 billion (f.o.b., 1984); 24% phosphates, 76% other

Fiscal year

1 April-31 March Communications

Fishing

catch 150 metric tons (1983)

catch 440,000 metric tons (1983); exports $165 million (1983)

GDP

$32.4 million (1983); $2,760 per capita (1983); real GDP growth rate 2% (1984); 15% tourism

$1 1.9 billion (1984 est.), about $500 per capita; average annual real growth 6-7% during 1973-77, 3-4% during 1978-80, 2.0% in 1984 (est.), 2.5% in 1985 (est.)

Government leader

A. C. WATSON, Governor (since 1984); Dr. J. A. OSBORNE, Chief Minister (since 1978)

Government leaders

HASSAN II, King (since March 1961); Mohamed KARIM LAMRANI, Prime Minister (since November 1983)

Highways

200 km total; approximately 200 km paved, 80 km gravel and earth

Imports

$20 million (1983); machinery and transport equipment, foodstuffs, manufactured goods, fuels, lubricants, and related materials

$3.6 billion (f.o.b., 1984); 25% petroleum products, 75% other

Infant mortality rate

117/1,000(1978)

Inland waterways

none

Labor force

7.5 million (1985); 50% agriculture, 26% services, 15% industry, 9% other; at least 20% of urban labor unemployed

Land boundaries

1,996 km Water

Language

Arabic (official); several Berber dialects; French is language of business, government, diplomacy, and postprimary education

Legal system

English common law

based on Islamic law and French and Spanish civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in Constitutional Chamber of Supreme Court; modern legal education at branches of Mohamed V University in Rabat and Casablanca and Karaouine University in Fes

Life expectancy

54

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone)

Literacy

28%

Major industries

tourism; light manufacturing— plastic bags, textiles, electronic appliances

mining and mineral processing, food processing, textiles, construction and tourism

Major trade partners

UK

France, FRG, Italy,

Member of

Af DB, Arab League, EC (associate), FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDE— Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, IPU, ITU, NAM, QIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Economy

Monetary conversion rate

$2.70 East Caribbean = US$1 (1985)

National holiday

Independence Day, 18 November

Nationality

noun — Moroccan(s); adjective— Moroccan

Natural resources

phosphates, iron, manganese, lead, zinc, fish

NOTE

Morocco acquired administrative control in 1976 over the northern two-thirds of the former Spanish Sahara under an agreement with Mauritania, but the legal question of sovereignty over the area has yet to be determined. Spain's role as coadministrator of the disputed territory ended in February 1976. Morocco moved to occupy and assert administrative control over the former Mauritanian-claimed (southern) sector of Western Sahara in August 1979, thereby establishing a fourth additional province in the Sahara.

Official name

Montserrat

Kingdom of Morocco

Organized labor

3 trade unions with 1 ,498 members; about 30% of work force (1984) Government

about 5% of the labor force, mainly in the Union of Moroccan Workers (UMT) and the Democratic Confederation of Labor (CDT) Government

Political subdivisions

1 districts

36 provinces (does not include Western Sahara) and 2 prefectures (Rabat-Sale and Casablanca, which consists of 5 divisions)

Population

23,667,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.4%

Ports

1 major (Plymouth)

Railroads

none

Religion

98.7% Muslim, 1.1% Christian, 0.2% Jewish

Suffrage

universal over age 18

universal over age 20

Telecommunications

3,000 telephones, 26 telex (1984); 3 AM, 1 FM, 2 TV stations Defense Forces Defense is the responsibility of the United Kingdom 300km Mediterranean Sea uta |Sp.) l.(Sp) Art. See regional mip VII Land 446,550 km2; larger than California; 51% desert, waste, or urban; about 32% arable and grazing; 17% forest and esparto grass

Type

British dependent territory

constitutional monarchy (constitution adopted 1972)

Voting strength

July 1984 elections— PLM, 4 seats; PDF, 3 seats

progovernment parties hold absolute majority in Chamber of Representatives; with palace-oriented Popular Movement deputies, the King controls over two-thirds of the seats