2020 Edition

Background

With 28 ethnic groups and languages, Liberia is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world. For hundreds of years, the Mali and Songhai Empires claimed most of Liberia. Beginning in the 15th century, European traders began establishing outposts along the Liberian coast. Unlike its neighbors, however, Liberia did not fall under European colonial rule. In the early 19th century, the US began sending freed enslaved people and other people of color to Liberia to establish settlements. In 1847, these settlers declared independence from the US, writing their own constitution and establishing Africa’s first republic. Early in Liberia’s history, tensions arose between the Americo-Liberian settlers and the indigenous population. In 1980, Samuel DOE, who was from the indigenous population, led a military coup and ushered in a decade of authoritarian rule. In 1989, Charles TAYLOR launched a rebellion that led to a prolonged civil war in which DOE was killed. A period of relative peace in 1997 permitted an election that brought TAYLOR to power. In 2000, fighting resumed. A 2003 peace agreement ended the war and prompted TAYLOR’s resignation. He was later convicted by the UN-backed Special Court for Sierra Leone in The Hague for his involvement in Sierra Leone's civil war. In 2005, Ellen JOHNSON SIRLEAF became president after two years of transitional governments; she was the first female head of state in Africa. In 2011, JOHNSON SIRLEAF won reelection but struggled to rebuild Liberia's economy -- particularly after the 2014-15 Ebola epidemic -- and to reconcile a nation still recovering from 14 years of fighting. In 2017, former soccer star George WEAH won the presidential runoff election, marking the first successful transfer of power from one democratically elected government to another since the end of Liberia’s civil wars. Like his predecessor, WEAH struggled to improve the country’s economy. In 2023, former Vice President Joseph BOAKAI was elected president, edging out WEAH by a thin margin, the first time since 1927 that an incumbent was not re-elected after one term.   

Area

land

96,320 sq km

total

111,369 sq km

water

15,049 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly larger than Virginia

Climate

tropical; hot, humid; dry winters with hot days and cool to cold nights; wet, cloudy summers with frequent heavy showers

Coastline

579 km

Elevation

highest point

Mount Wuteve 1,447 m

lowest point

Atlantic Ocean 0 m

mean elevation

243 m

Geographic coordinates

6 30 N, 9 30 W

Geography - note

facing the Atlantic Ocean, the coastline is characterized by lagoons, mangrove swamps, and river-deposited sandbars; the inland grassy plateau supports limited agriculture

Irrigated land

30 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries

border countries

Guinea 590 km; Cote d'Ivoire 778 km; Sierra Leone 299 km

total

1,667 km

Land use

agricultural land

20% (2023 est.)

agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 5.2% (2023 est.)

agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 2.1% (2023 est.)

agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 12.7% (2023 est.)

forest

66.5% (2023 est.)

other

13.5% (2023 est.)

Location

Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Cote d'Ivoire and Sierra Leone

Map references

Africa

Maritime claims

contiguous zone

24 nm

continental shelf

200 nm

exclusive economic zone

200 nm

territorial sea

12 nm

Natural hazards

dust-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to March)

Natural resources

iron ore, timber, diamonds, gold, hydropower

Population distribution

more than half of the population lives in urban areas, with approximately one third living within an 80-km (50-mi) radius of Monrovia, as shown in this population distribution map

Terrain

mostly flat to rolling coastal plains rising to rolling plateau and low mountains in northeast

Age structure

0-14 years

38.9% (male 1,064,100/female 1,052,556)

15-64 years

57.9% (male 1,566,263/female 1,579,835)

65 years and over

3.2% (2024 est.) (male 80,961/female 93,534)

Alcohol consumption per capita

beer

0.38 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

other alcohols

0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

spirits

2.28 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

total

3.12 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

wine

0.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Birth rate

31.72 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Child marriage

men married by age 18

8.4% (2020)

women married by age 15

5.8% (2020)

women married by age 18

24.9% (2020)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

10.9% (2019 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

51.4% (2020 est.)

Death rate

8.17 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Dependency ratios

elderly dependency ratio

5.6 (2025 est.)

potential support ratio

18 (2025 est.)

total dependency ratio

72 (2025 est.)

youth dependency ratio

66.4 (2025 est.)

Drinking water source

improved: rural

rural: 65.5% of population (2022 est.)

improved: total

total: 75.6% of population (2022 est.)

improved: urban

urban: 84.6% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: rural

rural: 34.5% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: total

total: 24.4% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: urban

urban: 15.4% of population (2022 est.)

Education expenditure

Education expenditure (% GDP)

2.3% of GDP (2023 est.)

Education expenditure (% national budget)

7.4% national budget (2021 est.)

Ethnic groups

Kpelle 20.2%, Bassa 13.6%, Grebo 9.9%, Gio 7.9%, Mano 7.2%, Kru 5.5%, Lorma 4.8%, Krahn 4.5%, Kissi, 4.3%, Mandingo 4.2%, Vai 3.8%, Gola 3.8%, Gbandi 2.9%, Mende 1.7%, Sapo 1%, Belle 0.7%, Dey 0.3%, other Liberian ethnic group 0.4%, other African 3%, non-African 0.2% (2022 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

1.89 (2025 est.)

Health expenditure

Health expenditure (as % of GDP)

16.6% of GDP (2021)

Health expenditure (as % of national budget)

4.8% of national budget (2022 est.)

Hospital bed density

1.6 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Infant mortality rate

female

50.2 deaths/1,000 live births

male

61 deaths/1,000 live births

total

55.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)

Languages

English 20% (official) and 27 indigenous languages, including Liberian English variants

Life expectancy at birth

female

63.3 years

male

59.9 years

total population

61.6 years (2024 est.)

Major urban areas - population

1.678 million MONROVIA (capital) (2023)

Maternal mortality ratio

628 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Median age

female

20 years

male

19.8 years

total

20.1 years (2025 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

19.1 years (2019/20 est.)

Nationality

adjective

Liberian

noun

Liberian(s)

Net migration rate

-0.84 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2025 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

9.9% (2016)

Physician density

0.18 physicians/1,000 population (2022)

Population

female

2,789,535

male

2,774,006

total

5,563,541 (2025 est.)

Population growth rate

2.27% (2025 est.)

Religions

Christian 84.9%, Muslim 12%, Traditional 0.5%, other 0.1%, none 2.6% (2022 est.)

Sanitation facility access

improved: rural

rural: 25.1% of population (2022 est.)

improved: total

total: 49% of population (2022 est.)

improved: urban

urban: 70.1% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: rural

rural: 74.9% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: total

total: 51% of population (2022 est.)

unimproved: urban

urban: 29.9% of population (2022 est.)

Sex ratio

0-14 years

1.01 male(s)/female

15-64 years

0.99 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.87 male(s)/female

at birth

1.03 male(s)/female

total population

1 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Tobacco use

female

1.5% (2025 est.)

male

11.5% (2025 est.)

total

6.4% (2025 est.)

Total fertility rate

3.84 children born/woman (2025 est.)

Urbanization

rate of urbanization

3.41% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)

urban population

53.6% of total population (2023)

Administrative divisions

15 counties; Bomi, Bong, Gbarpolu, Grand Bassa, Grand Cape Mount, Grand Gedeh, Grand Kru, Lofa, Margibi, Maryland, Montserrado, Nimba, River Cess, River Gee, Sinoe

Capital

etymology

named after James MONROE (1758-1831), the fifth president of the United States and supporter of Liberia's colonization by freed slaves

geographic coordinates

6 18 N, 10 48 W

name

Monrovia

time difference

UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Citizenship

citizenship by birth

no

citizenship by descent only

at least one parent must be a citizen of Liberia

dual citizenship recognized

no

residency requirement for naturalization

2 years

Constitution

amendment process

proposed by agreement of at least two thirds of both National Assembly houses or by petition of at least 10,000 citizens; passage requires at least two-thirds majority approval of both houses and approval in a referendum by at least two-thirds majority of registered voters

history

previous 1847 (at independence); latest drafted 19 October 1983, revision adopted by referendum 3 July 1984, effective 6 January 1986

Country name

conventional long form

Republic of Liberia

conventional short form

Liberia

etymology

name derives from the Latin word liber, meaning "free;" so named because the nation was created as a homeland for liberated African-American slaves

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission

Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Joseph ZADROZNY (since August 2025)

email address and website

ACSMonrovia@state.gov https://lr.usembassy.gov/

embassy

502 Benson Street, Monrovia

FAX

[231] 77-677-7370

mailing address

8800 Monrovia Place, Washington DC 20521-8800

telephone

[231] 77-677-7000

Diplomatic representation in the US

chancery

5201 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011

chief of mission

Ambassador Al-Hassan CONTEH (since 24 July 2025)

consulate(s) general

New York

email address and website

info@liberianembassyus.org http://www.liberianembassyus.org/

FAX

[1] (202) 723-0436

telephone

[1] (202) 723-0437

Executive branch

cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the president, confirmed by the Senate

chief of state

President Joseph BOAKAI (since 22 January 2024)

election results

2023: Joseph BOAKAI elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - George WEAH (CDC) 43.8%, Joseph BOAKAI (UP) 43.4%, Edward APPLETON (GDM) 2.2%, Lusinee KAMARA (ALCOP) 2%, Alexander B. CUMMINGS, Jr. (CPP) 1.6%, Tiawan Saye GONGLOE (LPP) 1.4%, other 5.6%; percentage of vote in second round - Joseph BOAKAI 50.6%, George WEAH 49.4% 2017: George WEAH elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - George WEAH (Coalition for Democratic Change) 38.4%, Joseph BOAKAI (UP) 28.8%, Charles BRUMSKINE (LP) 9.6%, Prince JOHNSON (MDR) 8.2%, Alexander B. CUMMINGS (ANC) 7.2%, other 7.8%; percentage of vote in second round - George WEAH 61.5%, Joseph BOAKAI 38.5%

election/appointment process

president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term)

expected date of next election

October 2029

head of government

President Joseph BOAKAI (since 22 January 2024)

most recent election date

10 October 2023, with a runoff on 14 November 2023

Flag

description: 11 equal horizontal stripes of red alternating with white; a five-pointed white star sits on a blue square in the upper-left corner meaning: the stripes stand for the signatories of the Liberian Declaration of Independence, the blue square for the African mainland, and the star for the freedom granted to ex-slaves; the blue stands for liberty, justice, and fidelity; the white for purity, cleanliness, and guilelessness; the red for steadfastness, valor, and fervor

Government type

presidential republic

Independence

26 July 1847

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch

highest court(s)

Supreme Court (consists of a chief justice and 4 associate justices)

judge selection and term of office

chief justice and associate justices appointed by the president of Liberia with consent of the Senate; judges can serve until age 70

subordinate courts

judicial circuit courts; special courts, including criminal, civil, labor, traffic; magistrate and traditional or customary courts

Legal system

mixed system of common law, based on Anglo-American law and customary law

Legislative branch

legislative structure

bicameral

legislature name

Legislature

Legislative branch - lower chamber

chamber name

House of Representatives

electoral system

plurality/majority

expected date of next election

October 2029

most recent election date

10/10/2023

number of seats

73 (all directly elected)

parties elected and seats per party

Congress for Democratic Change (CDC) (25); Unity Party (UP) (11); Collaborating Political Parties (CPP) (6); Movement for Democracy and Reconstruction (MDR) (4); Independents (19); Other (8)

percentage of women in chamber

11%

scope of elections

full renewal

term in office

6 years

Legislative branch - upper chamber

chamber name

The Liberian Senate

electoral system

plurality/majority

expected date of next election

October 2029

most recent election date

10/10/2023

number of seats

30 (all directly elected)

parties elected and seats per party

Congress for Democratic Change (CDC) (6); Unity Party (UP) (1); Movement for Democracy and Reconstruction (MDR) (1); Liberia Restoration Party (LRP) (1); Independents (6)

percentage of women in chamber

10%

scope of elections

partial renewal

term in office

9 years

National anthem(s)

history

lyrics adopted 1847, music adopted 1860; the anthem's author later became the third president of Liberia

lyrics/music

Daniel Bashiel WARNER/Olmstead LUCA

title

"All Hail, Liberia, Hail!"

National color(s)

red, white, blue

National holiday

Independence Day, 26 July (1847)

National symbol(s)

white star

Political parties

All Liberian Party or ALP  Alliance for Peace and Democracy or APD  Alternative National Congress or ANC  Coalition for Democratic Change (includes CDC, NPP, and LPDP) Collaborating Political Parties or CPP (coalition includes ANC, LP; CPP dissolved in April 2024) Congress for Democratic Change or CDC  Liberia Destiny Party or LDP  Liberia National Union or LINU  Liberia Transformation Party or LTP  Liberian People Democratic Party or LPDP  Liberian People's Party or LPP  Liberian Restoration Party or LRP  Liberty Party or LP  Movement for Democracy and Reconstruction or MDR  Movement for Economic Empowerment  Movement for Progressive Change or MPC  National Democratic Coalition or NDC  National Democratic Party of Liberia or NDPL  National Patriotic Party or NPP  National Reformist Party or NRP  National Union for Democratic Progress or NUDP  People's Unification Party or PUP  Unity Party or UP  United People's Party  Victory for Change Party or VCP 

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Agricultural products

cassava, sugarcane, rice, oil palm fruit, bananas, rubber, vegetables, plantains, taro, maize (2023)

Budget

expenditures

$6 million (2019 est.)

revenues

$5 million (2019 est.)

Current account balance

Current account balance 2020

-$274.971 million (2020 est.)

Current account balance 2021

-$101.746 million (2021 est.)

Current account balance 2022

$64.806 million (2022 est.)

Debt - external

Debt - external 2023

$1.335 billion (2023 est.)

Economic overview

low-income West African economy; food scarcity, especially in rural areas; high poverty and inflation; bad recession prior to COVID-19 due to Ebola crisis; growing government debt; longest continuously operated rubber plantation; large informal economy

Exchange rates

Currency

Liberian dollars (LRD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2019

186.43 (2019 est.)

Exchange rates 2020

191.518 (2020 est.)

Exchange rates 2021

166.154 (2021 est.)

Exchange rates 2022

152.934 (2022 est.)

Exchange rates 2023

174.956 (2023 est.)

Exports

Exports 2020

$731.658 million (2020 est.)

Exports 2021

$1.041 billion (2021 est.)

Exports 2022

$1.22 billion (2022 est.)

Exports - commodities

gold, ships, iron ore, rubber, refined petroleum (2023)

Exports - partners

Switzerland 30%, UK 13%, France 8%, Germany 7%, Lebanon 4% (2023)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture

33.6% (2024 est.)

industry

23.3% (2024 est.)

services

42.1% (2024 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$4.75 billion (2024 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2016

35.3 (2016 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

highest 10%

27.1% (2016 est.)

lowest 10%

2.9% (2016 est.)

Imports

Imports 2020

$1.371 billion (2020 est.)

Imports 2021

$1.739 billion (2021 est.)

Imports 2022

$1.961 billion (2022 est.)

Imports - commodities

ships, refined petroleum, rice, trucks, centrifuges (2023)

Imports - partners

China 48%, Japan 21%, Germany 8%, Brazil 3%, Cote d'Ivoire 3% (2023)

Industrial production growth rate

6.1% (2024 est.)

Industries

mining (iron ore and gold), rubber processing, palm oil processing, diamonds

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021

7.8% (2021 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022

7.6% (2022 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2023

10.1% (2023 est.)

Labor force

2.607 million (2024 est.)

Population below poverty line

50.9% (2016 est.)

Public debt

Public debt 2016

28.3% of GDP (2016 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022

$8.484 billion (2022 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023

$8.882 billion (2023 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024

$9.308 billion (2024 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

Real GDP growth rate 2022

4.8% (2022 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2023

4.7% (2023 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2024

4.8% (2024 est.)

Real GDP per capita

Real GDP per capita 2022

$1,600 (2022 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2023

$1,600 (2023 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2024

$1,700 (2024 est.)

Remittances

Remittances 2021

15.1% of GDP (2021 est.)

Remittances 2022

17.2% of GDP (2022 est.)

Remittances 2023

18.2% of GDP (2023 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2020

$340.966 million (2020 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2021

$700.829 million (2021 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022

$599.66 million (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate

Unemployment rate 2022

3% (2022 est.)

Unemployment rate 2023

3% (2023 est.)

Unemployment rate 2024

2.9% (2024 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

female

2% (2024 est.)

male

2.2% (2024 est.)

total

2.1% (2024 est.)

Coal

imports

75,000 metric tons (2023 est.)

Electricity

consumption

215.96 million kWh (2023 est.)

installed generating capacity

199,000 kW (2023 est.)

transmission/distribution losses

179.222 million kWh (2023 est.)

Electricity access

electrification - rural areas

14.9%

electrification - total population

31.8% (2022 est.)

electrification - urban areas

53.7%

Electricity generation sources

biomass and waste

0.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

fossil fuels

66.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

hydroelectricity

32.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

solar

1.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Energy consumption per capita

Total energy consumption per capita 2023

1.822 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Petroleum

refined petroleum consumption

5,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2022 est.) less than 1

total

15,000 (2022 est.)

Broadcast media

8 private and 1 state-owned TV station; satellite TV service available; 1 state-owned radio station; about 20 independent radio stations broadcasting in Monrovia, with about 80 more local stations operating in other areas; transmissions of 4 international broadcasters are available (2019)

Internet country code

.lr

Internet users

percent of population

24% (2023 est.)

Telephones - fixed lines

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

(2022 est.) less than 1

total subscriptions

6,000 (2021 est.)

Telephones - mobile cellular

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

32 (2022 est.)

total subscriptions

1.72 million (2022 est.)

Airports

19 (2025)

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

A8

Merchant marine

by type

bulk carrier 1,895, container ship 1,013, general cargo 170, oil tanker 1,038, other 705

total

4,821 (2023)

Ports

key ports

Buchanan, Cape Palmas, Greenville, Monrovia

large

0

medium

0

ports with oil terminals

3

small

1

total ports

4 (2024)

very small

3

Railways

narrow gauge

84 km (2008) 1.067-m gauge

standard gauge

345 km (2008) 1.435-m gauge

total

429 km (2008)

Military - note

the Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL) are responsible for external defense and some domestic security responsibilities if called upon, such as humanitarian assistance during natural disasters and support to law enforcement; it is a small, lightly equipped force comprised of two combat infantry battalions and supporting units, as well as a few coastal patrol craft for the Coast Guard; the infantry battalions were rebuilt with US assistance in 2007-2008 from the restructured AFL following the end of the second civil war in 2003 when military and police forces were disbanded and approximately 100,000 military, police, and rebel combatants were disarmed the first militia unit established for defense of the Liberia colony was raised in 1832; the AFL traces its origins to the 1908 establishment of the Liberia Frontier Force, which became the Liberian National Guard in 1965; the AFL was established in 1970 (2025)

Military and security forces

Armed Forces of Liberia (AFL): Army, Liberian Coast Guard Ministry of Justice: Liberia National Police, Liberia Drug Enforcement Agency (2025)

Military and security service personnel strengths

approximately 2,000 active Armed Forces (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

the military has a limited inventory; in recent years, it has received small quantities of equipment, including donations, from countries such as China, UAE, and the US (2025)

Military expenditures

Military Expenditures 2020

0.5% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military Expenditures 2021

0.8% of GDP (2021 est.)

Military Expenditures 2022

1.3% of GDP (2022 est.)

Military Expenditures 2023

1.3% of GDP (2023 est.)

Military Expenditures 2024

0.7% of GDP (2024 est.)

Military service age and obligation

18 years of age for men and women for voluntary military service (2025)

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees

1,854 (2024 est.)

Trafficking in persons

tier rating

Tier 2 Watch List — the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Liberia remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the second consecutive year; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/liberia/

Carbon dioxide emissions

from coal and metallurgical coke

4 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

from petroleum and other liquids

671,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

total emissions

671,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Environmental issues

tropical rainforest deforestation; soil erosion; loss of biodiversity; hunting of endangered species for bushmeat; pollution of coastal waters from oil residue and raw sewage; pollution of rivers from industrial run-off; burning and dumping of household waste

International environmental agreements

party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified

Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation

Particulate matter emissions

41.9 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Total renewable water resources

232 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Total water withdrawal

agricultural

12.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

industrial

53.4 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

municipal

80.2 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Waste and recycling

municipal solid waste generated annually

564,500 tons (2024 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled

7.9% (2022 est.)