1985 Edition

Agriculture

main cash crops — coffee, sisal, tea, pyrethrum, cotton, livestock; food crops — corn, wheat, sugarcane, rice, cassava; largely self-sufficient in food

Airfields

8 total, 8 usable; 2 with permanentsurface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 2 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Area

582,646 km2; slightly smaller than Texas; 66% mainly grassland adequate for grazing; 21% forest and wood; 20% arable, 13% suitable for agriculture

Branches

President and Cabinet responsible to unicameral legislature (National Assembly) of 170 seats, 158 directly elected by constituencies and 1 2 appointed by the President; High Court, with Chief Justice and at least 11 justices, has unlimited original jurisdiction to hear and determine any civil or criminal proceeding; provision for systems of courts of appeal

Army, paramilitary, Gendarmerie

Budget

(1982/83) revenues, $1.2 billion; grants, $24 million, current expenditures, $1.3 billion; net lending, — $8 million

(1983 est.) revenues, $161.5 million; current expenditures, $164.3 million; development expenditures, $30.6 million

Capital

Nairobi

Civil air

1 major transport aircraft

Coastline

536 km People

135 km People

Communists

may be a few Communists and sympathizers

Elections

Assembly at least every five years; present National Assembly and President elected September 1983 Political party and leader: Kenya Africa National Union (KANU), Kenya's sole legal political party; Daniel arap Moi, president

Electric power

550,000 kW capacity (1984); 1.686 billion kWh produced (1984), 87 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

21% Kikuyu, 14% Luhya, 13% Luo, 11% Kalenjin, 11% Kamba, 6% Kisii, 5% Meru, 1% Asian, European, and Arab

mainly of African Negro descent

Exports

$921.9 million (f.o.b., 1983); reexporting of petroleum products, coffee, tea, sisal, livestock products, pyrethrum, soda ash, wattle-bark tanning extract

External debt

$225 million (1983), external debt ratio 4.5% (1983)

External public debt

$2.9 billion (1982 est.) debt service payment 23% of exports

Fiscal year

1 July-30 June

calendar year Communications

GDP

$5.5 billion (1983), $295 per capita; real growth rate, 2.1% (1983 est.)

Government leader

Daniel T. arap MOI, President (since 1978)

Highways

5,688 km total; 460 km paved, 1,725 km gravel and/or improved earth, remainder unimproved

Imports

$1,234.3 million (f.o.b., 1983); machinery, transport equipment, crude oil, paper and paper products, iron and steel products, and textiles

Inland waterways

Lake Kivu navigable by shallow draft barges and native craft

Labor force

5.4 million; about 1.1 million wage earners; 47% public sector, 18% industry and commerce, 17% agriculture, 13% services

20,000 ( 1 98 1 )

Land boundaries

3,368 km Water

Language

English and Swahili (official); numerous indigenous languages

English

Legal system

based on English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; constitution enacted 1963; judicial review in Supreme Court; legal education at Kenya School of Law in Nairobi; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment in 1982 made Kenya a de jure one-party state

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

12 nm (economic, including fishing, 200 nm)

12 nm (economic, including fishing, 200 nm)

Literacy

47%

80%

Major industries

small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural processing, oil refining, cement, tourism

Major trade partners

EC, Japan, Iran, US, Zambia, Uganda

Member of

Af DB, Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IRC, ISO, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, NAM, OAU, UN, UNDP, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Economy

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1983, $34.4 million; 14% of central government budget ,S«ndv Point TowiH. „, Saint \Chnstopher Caribbean Sea See refionsl map III Land 261 km2; about one-third the size of New York City; 40% arable, 33% waste and built on, 17% forest, 10% pasture Water

Military manpower

males 15-49, 1,334,000; 676,000 fit for military service; no conscription

Monetary conversion rate

14.964 Kenya shillings=US$l (30 September 1984)

100.96 Rwanda francs=US$l (August 1984)

National holiday

Jamhuri Day, 12 December

Nationality

noun — Kenyan(s); adjective — Kenyan

noun — Kittsian(s), Nevisian(s); adjective — Kittsian, Nevisian

Official name

Republic of Kenya *

Federation of St. Christopher and Nevis

Organized labor

about 390,000 Government

6,700 Government

Other political or pressure groups

labor unions

Political subdivisions

1 provinces plus Nairobi area

Population

20,194,000 (July 1985), average annual growth rate 4.2%

44,000 (July 1985), average annual growth rate —0.3%

Railroads

none

Religion

38% Protestant, 28% Catholic, 26% indigenous beliefs, 6% Muslim

Anglican, other Protestant sects, Roman Catholic

Suffrage

universal over age 21

Telecommunications

fair system with lowcapacity radio-relay system centered on Kigali; 4,600 telephones (0. 1 per 100 popl.); 2 AM, 5 FM, no TV stations; SYMPHONIE satellite station, 1 Indian Ocean satellite station Defense Forces

Type

republic within Commonwealth

Voting strength

KANU holds all seats in the National Assembly