1986 Edition

Agriculture

large areas devoted to grazing; 60% of area used for crops is planted in wheat; major products — wool, lamb, beef, wheat, fruits, sugarcane; self-sufficient in food

limited — livestock (including poultry), fish, fruit, and vegetables

main crops — rice, pepper; must import most food

mainly self-sufficient; main crops — grain, tobacco, fruits, vegetables, sheep, hogs, poultry, cheese, sunflower seeds

cash crops — peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, cotton; food crops — sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock; food deficiency

main crops — coffee, rice, corn, sugarcane, plantains, bananas, cotton, tobacco; an illegal producer of coca and cannabis for the international drug trade

food crops — rice, manioc, maize, fruits, vegetables, coconuts, cinnamon, yams; export crops — essential oils for perfumes (mainly ylang-ylang), vanilla, copra, cloves

cash crops — almost entirely sugarcane, small amounts of vanilla and perfume plants; food crops — tropical fruit and vegetables, manioc, bananas, corn, market garden produce, some tea, tobacco, and coffee; food crop inadequate, most food needs imported

main crops — corn, wool, wheat, sugarcane, tobacco, citrus fruits; dairy products; self-sufficient in foodstuffs

agriculture accounts for about 25% of GDP; main crops — rice, rubber, tea, coconuts

Aid

donor — ODA and OOF economic aid commitments (1970-83), $6.3 billion

economic commitments — Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF (1970-83), $1.6 billion; US authorized including Ex-Im (FY70-84) $196 million; Communist countries (1970-84), $62 million; OPEC ODA commitments (1974-83), $100 million

economic commitments — Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF (1970-81), $4.0 billion

Airfields

1,052 total, 1,009 usable; 221 with permanent-surface runways, 2 with runways over 3,659 m; 18 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 498 with runways 1,2202,439 m

1 usable with permanent-surface runways over 3,659 m on Diego Garcia

3 total; 3 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways

2 total, 2 usable; 1 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 1, 220-2,439 m

1 usable with permanent-surface runway 1,220-2,439

634 total, 618 usable; 65 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,660 m; 10 with runways 2,4403,659 m, 96 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

2 total, 2 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 1 with runways 1, 220-2,439 m Reunion (continued) Romania

14 total, 12 usable; 11 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 7 with runways 1, 220-2,439 m

Area

7,686,848 km2; almost as large as the continental US; 58% pasture; 6% arable; 2% forest; 34% other Water

60 km2; one-third the size of Washington, D. C.; 2,300 islands of the Chagos Archipelago, including the coral atolls Diego Garcia (36 km2), Peros Banhos (29 islands), Salomon (11 islands), Eagle, and Egmont Water

135 km2; slightly smaller than Washington, D. C.; mostly tropical rain forest

2,027,087 km2; about the size of Alaska and California combined; consists of an archipelago of more than 13,000 islands, of which about 1,000 are inhabited; 64% forest; 24% inland water, waste, urban, and other; 12% small holding and estate (8.6% cultivated)

2,512 km2; about three times the size of New York City; two-thirds of island extremely rugged, consisting of volcanic mountains; 48,600 hectares (less than one-fifth of the land) under cultivation Water

280 km2; less than two-thirds the size of New York City; 54% arable land, nearly all cultivated; 17% woods and forest; 29% other (mainly reefs and other surfaces unsuited for agriculture); 40 granitic and 50 or more coralline islands Water

1 ,22 1 ,037 km2 (includes excla ve of Wai vis Bay, 1,124 km2; Transkei, 44,000 km2, and Bophuthatswana, 38,000 km2); four-fifths the size of Alaska; 86% desert, waste, or urban; 12% cultivable; 2% forest

65,610 km2; about one-half the size of North Carolina; 44% forest; 31% waste, urban, or other; 25% cultivated Water

Branches

bicameral legislature (Federal Parliament — Senate and House of Representatives); Prime Minister and Cabinet responsible to House; independent judiciary

Royal Australian Air Force, Royal Australian Navy, Australian Army

Executive Council (cabinet) consists of the governor as chairman, four ministers of the legislature, and an ex officio member who is the attorney general; Legislative Council consists of the Speaker (elected from outside the Council), nine elected members, and an ex officio member who is the attorney general

chief of state is Sultan (advised by appointed Privy Council), who appoints Executive Council and Legislative Council

Royal Brunei Armed Forces, including air wing, navy, and ground forces; British Gurkha Battalion; Royal Brunei Police; Gurkha Reserve Unit

legislative (National Assembly); judiciary, Supreme Court

Bulgarian People's Army, Frontier Troops, Air and Air Defense Forces, Bulgarian Navy

President is an army officer; military council of unknown number; 21-member military and civilian Cabinet; judiciary

Advisory Council advises appointed administrator

President, bicameral legislature (Parliament — Senate, House of Representatives), judiciary

Army of Colombia, Colombian Air Force, National Navy

presidency; 38member legislature (Federal Assembly)

Reunion is administered by a Prefect appointed by the French Minister of Interior, assisted by a Secretary General and an elected 36-man General Council; in 1974 France created an elected 45-member Regional Assembly to coordinate economic and social development policies; in 1981 both the General Council and the Regional Assembly received greater authority for fiscal policy

Presidency; Council of Ministers; Grand National Assembly, under which is Office of Prosecutor General and Supreme Court; Council of State

President, Council of Ministers, People's Assembly

state president is chief of state, head of government, and chairman of cabinet; tricameral legislature — House of Assembly (whites), House of Representatives (coloreds), and House of Delegates (Indians) elected directly by respective racial electorates; judiciary maintains substantial independence of government influence

the 1978 constitution established a strong presidential form of government under J. R. Jayewardene, who haa been Prime Minister since his party's election victory in July 1977; Jayewardene was elected to a second term in October 1982 and will serve until 1989 regardless of whether Parliament is dissolved; the current Parliament was extended until August 1989 by a national referendum held in December 1982

Army, Air Force, Navy, Police Force, Special Police Task Force, National Auxiliary Force

Budget

(FY85-86 proj.) expenditures, $48 billion; receipts, $51.5 billion; deficit, $3.5 billion

(1984 est.) revenue, $19.79 million; expenditures, $19.0 million

(1984) revenues $3,497 million, expenditures $1,970 million; surplus $1,528 million; 11% defense

(1983) revenue $220 million, current expenditures $148 million, development expenditures $161 million

(1985 est.) revenues, $4. 1 billion; expenditures, $4.8 billion

(FY1984/85) revenues, $16.4 billion; current expenditures, $18.8 billion

(1984) revenues, $1.3 billion; expenditures, $1.8 billion

Capital

Canberra

none

Road Town on the island of Tortola

Bandar Serf Begawan

Sofia

Ouagadougou

settlement on Flying Fish Cove (principal settlement)

Bogota

Moroni

Saint-Denis

Bucharest

Victoria, Mahe Island

administrative, Pretoria; legislative, Cape Town; judicial, Bloemfontein

Colombo

Civil air

around 150 major transport aircraft •

3 major transport aircraft

106 major transport aircraft

1 major transport aircraft

8 major transport (including 1 leased)

Coastline

about 25,760 km People

ranges from less than 1 km to approximately 100 km around atoll of Diego Garcia

about 80 km People

161 km People

354 km People

2,414 km People

340 km People

54,716 km People

201 km People

225 km People

491 km (Mahe Island 93 km) People

2,881 km, including Transkei People

1,340 km People

853 km People

Communists

probably none

probably none

825,81 1 party members (April 1981) Moss organizations and front groups: Fatherland Front, Dimitrov Communist Youth Union, Central Council of Trade Unions, National Committee for Defense of Peace, Union of Fighters Against Fascism and Capitalism, Committee of Bulgarian Women, All-National Committee for Bulgarian-Soviet Friendship

small Communist party front group; some sympathizers

none Economy

18,000 members est, including Communist Party Youth Organization (JUCO)

Communist Party small but has support among sugarcane cutters and the minuscule Popular Movement for the Liberation of Reunion (MPLR)and in Le Port District

negligible, although some Cabinet ministers espouse pro-Soviet line

small Communist Party illegal since 1950; party in exile maintains headquarters in London; Joe Slovo

approximately 107,000 voted for the Communist Party in the July 1977 general election; Communist Party/Moscow approximately 5,000 members (1975), Communist Party/Peking 1,000 members (1970 est.)

Crude steel

5.6 million metric tons produced (1983)

2.9 million metric tons produced (1984), 324 kg per capita

300,000 metric tons produced (1984), 10 kg per capita

Elections

held at threeyear intervals or sooner if Parliament is dissolved by Prime Minister; last election 1 December 1984 Political parties and leaders: government — Australian Labor Party (Robert Hawke); opposition — Liberal Party (John Howard), National Party (Ian Sinclair), Australian Democratic Party (Donald L. Chipp), Nuclear Disarmament Party (Michael Denborough)

at least once every five years; last general election held November 1983 Political parties and leaders: United Party (UP), Conrad Maduro; Virgin Islands Party (VIP), H. Lavity Stoutt; Independent, C. B. Romney

last elections — March 1965; further elections postponed indefinitely Political parties and leaders: Brunei National Democratic Party (the first legal political party; it was established on 18 September 1985), Abdul Latif bin Abdul Hamid, Chairman; Brunei National United Party (established on 4 February 1986), Anak Hasanuddin, chairman

held every five years for National Assembly; last election held on 7 June 1981; 99.96% of the electorate voted Political parties and leaders: Bulgarian Communist Party, Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary; Bulgarian National Agrarian Union, a puppet party, Petur Tanchev, secretary of Permanent Board

political process suspended; no talk of returning to constitutional rule Political parties and leaders: all political parties banned following November 1980 coup

every fourth year; presidential election held May 1986; congressional election held March 1986; municipal and departmental elections every two years, last held 1986 Political parties and leaders: Liberal Party, Virgilio Barco; main dissident faction is headed by Luis Carlos Galan; Conservative Party — Alvaro Gomez Hurtado and Misael Pastrana Borrero head the two principal wings united behind current President Belisario Betancur, who leads a small faction; Communist Party (PCC), Gilberto Vieira White; Communist Party/MarxistLeninist (PCC/ML), Maoist orientation Colombia (continued)

Abdallah Abderemane won 1984 presidential election with 99% majority; Federal Assembly elected in March 1982

last municipal and General Council elections in 1983; parliamentary election June 1981; Regional Assembly election February 1983 Political parties and leaders: Reunion Communist Party (RCP), Paul Verges; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Reunion, Georges Sinamale; other political candidates affiliated with metropolitan French parties, which do not maintain permanent organizations on Reunion

elections held every five years for Grand National Assembly deputies and local people's councils; last election held March Political parties and leaders: Communist Party of Romania only functioning party, Nicolae Ceausescu, Secretary General (since March 1965)

general election held June 1979 gave 98% approval to Rene as only presidential candidate on yes/ no ballot; reelected in June 1984 with 92% of vote Political parties and leaders: Rene, who heads the Seychelles People's Progressive Front, came to power by a military coup in June 1977; until then he had been Prime Minister in an uneasy coalition with then President James Mancham, who headed the Seychelles Democratic Party; Rene banned the Seychelles Democratic Party in March 1978 and announced a new constitution in March 1979 that turned the country'into a oneparty state

must be held at least every five years; last white election April 1981; last colored and Indian elections August 1984; because of the introduction of a new constitution in 1984, the next white elections probably will be delayed until 1989 to coincide with nonwhite elections White political parties and leaders: National Party, P. W. Botha; Progressive Federal Party, Colin Eglin; New Republic Party, Bill Sutton; Conservative Party, Dr. Andries P. Treurnicht; Herstigte National Party, Jaap Marais Colored political parties and leaders: Labor Party, Allan Hendrickse (majority party); People's Congress Party, Peter Marais Indian political parties and leaders: National People's Party, Amichand Rajbansi (majority party); Solidarity, J. N. Reddy

national elections ordinarily held every six years; must be held more frequently if government loses confidence vote; the constitution was amended in August 1982 to permit the President to call an early presidential election Political parties and leaders: Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), Sirimavo Ratwatte Dias Bandaranaike; Sri Lanka Mahajana Party, Vijaya Kumaratunga; Lanka Sama Samaja Party (LSSP; Trotskyite), C. R. de Silva; Nava Sama Samaja Party (NSSP), V. Nanayakkara; Tamil United Liberation Front, A. Amirthalingam; United National Party (UNP), J. R. Jayewardene; Communist Party/Moscow, K. P. Silva; Communist Party/Peking, N. Shanmugathasan; Mahajana Eksath Peramuna (People's United Front), M. B. Ratnayaka; Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna (JVP; People's Liberation Front), Rohana Wijeweera; All-Ceylon Tamil Congress, Kumar Ponnambalam

Electric power

30,000,000 kW capacity (1985); 1 10 billion kWh produced (1985), 7,040 kWh per capita

provided by US military Communications

5,000 kW capacity (1985); 22 million kWh produced (1985), 1,833 kWh per capita (1985)

153,000 kW capacity (1985); 470 million kWh produced (1985), 2,026 kWh per capita

10,200,000 kW capacity (1985); 45.8 billion kWh produced (1985), 5,100 kWh per capita

55,000 kW capacity (1985); 134 million kWh produced (1985), 19 kWh per capita

1 1,000 kW capacity (1985); 38 million kWh produced (1985), 12,900 kWh per capita

7,160,000 kW capacity (1985); 25.5 billion kWh produced (1985), 864 kWh per capita

5,500 kW capacity (1985); 9 million kWh produced (1985), 22 kWh per capita

180,000 kW capacity (1985); 551 million kWh produced (1985), 1,026 kWh per capita

26,150,000 kW capacity (1985); 137.444 billion kWh produced (1985), 4,233 kWh per capita

972,000 kW capacity (1985); 2.352 billion kWh produced (1985), 145 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

99% Caucasian, 1% Asian and Aboriginal

99.4% German, 0.3% Croatian, 0.2% Slovene, 0.1% other

original inhabitants, known as the Hois, evacuated to Mauritius before construction of US and UK defense facilities Government

over 90% black, remainder of white and Asian origin

64% Malay, 20% Chinese, 16% other

85.3% Bulgarian, 8.5% Turk, 2.6% Gypsy, 2.5% Macedonian, 0.3% Armenian, 0.2% Russian, 0.6% other

more than 50 tribes; principal tribe is Mossi (about 2.5 million); other important groups are Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, and Fulani

61% Chinese, 25% Malay, 11% European, 3% other; no indigenous population

58% mestizo, 20% white, 14% mulatto, 4% black, 3% mixed blackIndian, 1% Indian

Antalote, Caf re, Makoa, Oimatsaha, Sakalava

majority of Malay stock comprising 45.0% Javanese, 14.0% Sundanese, 7.5% Madurese, 7.5% coastal Malays, 26.0% other

most of the population is of thoroughly intermixed ancestry of French, African, Malagasy, Chinese, Pakistani, and Indian origin

88.1% Romanian; 7.9% Hungarian; 1.6% German; 2.4% Ukrainian, Serb, Croat, Russian, Turk, and Gypsy

Seychellois (mixture of Asians, Africans, Europeans)

69.9% African, 17.8% white, 9.4% colored, 2.9% Indian

74% Sinhalese; 18% Tamil; 7% Moor; 1% Burgher, Malay, and Veddha

52% black, 39% Arab, 6% Beja, 2% foreigners, 1 % other

Exports

$24.0 billion (f.o.b., 1984); principal products — coal, wool, iron ore, lamb, other meat, dairy products

$2.0 million (1981); fresh fish, gravel, sand, fruits, and vegetables

$3.26 billion (1983); 98-99% crude oil, liquefied natural gas, and petroleum products

$12.2 billion (f.o.b., 1984); 48% machinery and equipment; 18% agricultural products; 11% fuels, mineral raw materials, and metals; 10% manufactured consumer goods; 13% other

$1 10 million (f.o.b., 1983); livestock (on the hoof), peanuts, shea nut products, cotton, sesame

about 1.2 million metric tons of phosphate exported to Australia, New Zealand, and other Asian nations

$3.5 billion (f.o.b., 1984); coffee, coal, fuel oil, cotton, tobacco, sugar, textiles, cattle and hides, bananas, fresh cut flowers

$16 million (f.o.b., 1984 prov.); perfume oils, vanilla, copra, cloves

$128 million (f.o.b., 1980); 90% sugar, 5% rum and molasses, 4% perfume essences, 1% vanilla and tea

$19.6 billion (f.o.b., 1984, including gold); gold, coal, diamonds, corn, uranium, other mineral and agricultural products; net gold output $8.1 billion (1984)

$1.5 billion (f.o.b., 1984); tea, rubber, petroleum products, textiles, coconuts

Fiscal year

1 July-30 June Communications

1 April-31 March Communications

calendar year Communications

calendar year Communications

calendar year

1 July-30 June Communications

calendar year Communications

probably calendar year Communications

1 April-31 March

1 January-31 December Communications

Fishing

293 metric tons fish, 25 metric tons crustaceans (1975)

catch 151,000 metric tons (1983)

catch 7,000 metric tons (1983 est.)

catch 57,537 metric tons 1983

catch 599,897 metric tons (1983)

catch 170,000 metric tons (1984 est.) Sudan

Freight carried

rail — 83.4 million metric tons, 18.1 billion metric ton/km (1985); highway — 900 million metric tons, 16.9 billion metric ton/km (1985); waterway — 4.9 million metric tons, 2.6 billion metric ton/km (excluding international transit traffic; 1985)

GDP

$173.6 billion (1984), $1 1,172 per capita; 60% private consumption, 22% investment, 17.1% government expenditure; 2.8% real average annual growth (1978-84)

$77.1 million (1983)

$1.7 billion (1984), $7,300 per capita (1984)

$73 billion (1984), about $2,500 per capita; 4.5% real growth in 1984

$6.0 billion (1984), $380 per capita; real growth rate 5% (1984)

GNP

$56.4 billion, 1984 (1984 dollars), $6,295 per capita; 1984 real growth rate, 3.1%

$29 billion (1985 est).; $1,430 per capita (1984); 73% private consumption, 19% gross investment, 12% public consumption (1983); growth rate 2% (1985)

$92 million (1984 prov.), about $250 per capita

Government leader

William N. WENBENSMITH, Commissioner (since 1982; resident in UK); D. H. DOBLE, administrator (since 1985; resident in UK) British Indian Ocean Territory (continued) British Virgin Islands Economy

Sir HASSANAL Bolkiah, Sultan and Prime Minister (since August 1968)

T. F. PATERSON, Administrator

Belisario BETANCUR Cuartas, President (since August 1982); term ends 10 August 1986

Ahmed ABDALLAH ABDEREMANE, President (since October 1978)

Michel BLANGY, Commissioner of the Republic (since February 1984)

France Albert RENE, President (since June 1979)

Junius Richard JAYEWARDENE, President (since 1978)

Government leaders

Sir Ninian STEPHEN, Governor General (since July 1982); Robert HA WKE, Prime Minister (since March 1983)

David Robert BARWICK, Governor (since 1982); Cyril B. ROMNEY, Chief Minister (since November 1983)

Todor Khristov ZHIVKOV, Chairman, State Council (President and Chief of State; since July 1971); Georgi Ivanov ATANASOV, Chairman, Council of Ministers (Premier; since March 1986)

Cdr. Thomas SANKARA, President (since August 1983)

Nicolae CEAUS. ESCU, President of the Socialist Republic (head of state; since 1967); Constantin DASCALESCU, Prime Minister (since May 1982)

Pieter Willem BOTHA, State President (since September 1984)

Highways

837,872 km total (1980); 243,750 km paved, 228,396 km gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized soil surface, 365,726 km unimproved earth

short stretch of paved road between port and airfield on Diego Garcia

106 km motorable roads (1983)

1,090 km total; 370 km paved (bituminous treated) and another 52 km under construction, 720 km gravel or unimproved

36,292 km total; 2,923 km trunk roads, 3,740 km class I concrete, asphalt, stone block; 5,915 km class II asphalt treated, gravel, crushed stone; 20,064 km class III earth; 3,650 km other (1983)

75,450 km total; 9,350 km paved, 66,100 km earth and gravel surfaces

2,800 km total; 2,200 km paved, 600 km gravel, crushed stone, or stabilized earth

66,176 km total (1985); 24,300 km paved (mostly bituminous treated), 28,916 km crushed stone or gravel, 12,960 km improved earth or unimproved earth; in addition, several thousand km of tracks, mostly unmotorable

Imports

$26.0 billion (f.o.b., 1984); principal products — manufactured raw materials, capital equipment, consumer goods Austria

$49.8 million (1981); building materials, automobiles, foodstuffs, machinery

$701 million (1983); includes machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, and other; most consumer goods imported

$12.0 billion (f.o.b., 1984); 47% fuels and minerals, 34% machinery and equipment, 5% chemicals, 4% manufactured consumer goods, 10% other (1982)

$230 million (f.o.b., 1983); textiles, food, and other consumer goods, transport equipment, machinery, fuels

$4.5 billion (c.i.f., 1984); transportation equipment, machinery, industrial metals and raw materials, chemicals and Pharmaceuticals, fuels, fertilizers, paper and paper products, foodstuffs, beverages

$27 million (f.o.b., 1984 prov.); rice and other foodstuffs, cement, fuels, chemicals, textiles

$871 million (c.i.f., 1980); manufactured goods, food, beverages, tobacco, machinery and transportation equipment, raw materials, and petroleum products

$14.9 billion (f.o.b., 1984); machinery, motor vehicle parts, petroleum products, textiles, chemicals

$1.9 billion (c.i.f., 1984); petroleum, machinery, transport equipment, sugar, textiles and textile materials

Infant mortality rate

10/1,000(1983)

16/1,000(1983)

20.2/1,000 (1983)

182/1,000(1984)

65/1,000(1982)

92.3/1,000 (1983)

23.9/1,000(1983)

26/1,000(1983)

whites 14.9/1,000 (1982), coloreds 80.6/1,000 (1982), blacks 80.6/1,000(1982), Asians 25.3/1,000(1982), Africans unknown

37/1,000 (1983)

1 18.9/1,000 (1985)

Inland waterways

8,368 km; mainly by small, shallow-draft craft

none

none

209 km; navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 meters

41 1 km (1981)

14,300 km, navigable by river boats

430 km; navigable by shallow-draft craft

Labo- force

140,000(1982); 80% agriculture, 3% government; significant unemployment Government

Labor force

7.2 million (March 1985); 30.6% industry, 6.5% agriculture; 7.8% unemployment (December 1985)

2.9 million (1984); 41. 10% industry and crafts, 57.55% services, 1.35% agriculture and forestry; 4.5% unemployed (average 1984); an estimated 200,000 Austrians are employed in other European countries; foreign laborers in Austria number 138,700, about 5.4% of labor force (1984)

68, 128 (includes members of the Army); 50.4% production of oil, natural gas, and construction; 47.6% trade, services, and other; 2.0% agriculture, forestry, and fishing (1984)

4,1 13,546 (1983); 34% industry, 22% agriculture, 46% other Government

90% agriculture; 10% industry, commerce, services, and government; about 30,000 are wage earners; about 20% of male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment

all workers are employees of the Phosphate Mining Company of Christmas Island, Ltd. Government

9 million (1982); 53% services, 26% agriculture, 21% industry (1981); 14% official unemployment (1985)

primarily agricultural workers; high seasonal unemployment Government

10.5 million (1983); 37.8% industry, 29.2% agriculture, 33.0% other nonagricultural (1983) Government

1984 (prelim.) formal employment (all sectors) — 38.4 government, 30.7% parastatal, 30.8% private; formal employment (by sector) — 49.0% industry and commerce, 39.0% services, 11.5% agriculture, forestry, and fishing

11 million economically active (1985); 34% services, 30% agriculture, 29% industry and commerce, 7% mining

6.4 million (1984 est); 45.9% agriculture, 13.3% mining and manufacturing, 12.4% trade and transport, 26.3% services and other; extensive underemployment; 12% unemployment (1984)

Land boundaries

2,582 km People

381 km Water

1,883 km Water

3,307 km People

6,035 km Water

2,736 km Water

2,044 km Water

7,805 km Water

Land boundary

2,969 km Water

Language

English, native languages

German

English (official)

Malay (official), English, and Chinese

Bulgarian; secondary languages closely correspond to ethnic breakdown

French (official); tribal languages belong to Sudanic family, spoken by 50% of the population

English

Spanish

Shaafi Islam (a Swahili dialect), Malagasy, French

Indonesian (modified form of Malay; official); English and Dutch leading foreign languages; local dialects, the most widely spoken of which is Javanese

French (official); Creole widely used

Romanian, Hungarian, German

English and French (official); Creole

Afrikaans, English (official); Africans have many vernacular languages, including Zulu, Xhosa, North and South Sotho, Tswana

Sinhala (official); Sinhala and Tamil listed as national languages; Sinhala spoken by about 74% of population; Tamil spoken by about 18%; English commonly used in government and spoken by about 10% of the population

Arabic (official), Nubian, Ta Bedawie, diverse dialects of Nilotic, NiloHamitic, and Sudanic languages, English; program of Arabization in process

Legal system

based on English common law; constitution adopted 1900; High Court has jurisdiction over cases involving interpretation of the constitution; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

English law; justice is administered by the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court; there is a resident puisne judge on the islands

based on Islamic law; constitution promulgated by the Sultan in 1959

based on civil law system, with Soviet law influence; new constitution adopted in 1971; judicial review of legislative acts in the State Council; legal education at University of Sofia; has accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

based on French civil law system and customary law

Australian territory since 10 October 1958; administrator appointed by Governor General of Australia; Supreme Court; legislative, judicial, and administrative system regulated by the Christmas Island Act of 1958 Colombia

based on Spanish law; religious courts regulate marriage and divoice; constitution decreed in 1886, with amendments codified in 1946 and 1968; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

French and Muslim law in a new consolidated code

French law

mixture of civil law system and Communist legal theory that increasingly reflects Romanian traditions; constitution adopted 1965; legal education at University of Bucharest and two other law schools; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

based on English common law, French civil law, and customary law

based on Roman-Dutch law and English common law; constitution enacted 1961, changing the Union of South Africa into a republic; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

a highly complex mixture of English common law, Roman-Dutch, Muslim, and customary law; new constitution 7 September 1978 reinstituted a strong, independent judiciary; legal education at Sri Lanka Law College and University of Colombo; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Life expectancy

men 71.2, women 78.2

73

73.7

men 69, women 74

42

62

48.8

men 69.3, women 71.8

66

whites 70, coloreds 59, blacks 59, Asians 66, Africans 55

68

47

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

3 nm (fishing 200 nm)

3 nm (200 nm fishing) People

3 nm (200 nm fishing)

12 nm (200 nm fishing zone or median line)

12 nm

3 nm (200 nm fishing) People

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone)

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone)

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone)

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone)

12 nm

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone); maritime limits measured from claimed "archipelagic baselines," which generally connect the outermost points of outer islands or drying reefs

12 nm (200 nm fishing zone)

12 nm (200 nm exclusive economic zone)

12 nm

Literacy

98.5%

98%

98.3%

45%

95% (est.)

1%

80%

15%

over 80% among younger generation

98%

60%

almost all white population literate; government estimates 50% of Africans literate

87%

Major industries

mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food processing, chemicals

tourism (over 45%), construction, rum, concrete block Brunei

food processing, machine and metal building, electronics, chemicals

agricultural processing plants, brewery, bottling, and brick plants; a few other light industries

phosphate extraction (near depletion)

textiles, food processing, clothing and footwear, beverages, chemicals, metal products, cement; mining — gold, coal, emeralds, iron, nickel

12 sugar processing mills, rum distilling plants, cigarette factory, 2 tea plants, fruit juice plant, canning factory, a slaughterhouse, and several small shops producing handicraft items

mining, automobile assembly, metalworking, machinery, textile, iron and steel, chemical, fertilizer

processing of rubber, tea, coconuts, and other agricultural commodities; consumer goods manufacture; garment industry

Major industry

crude petroleum, liquefied natural gas, construction

perfume distillation

Major trade partners

(1983-84) exports — 26% Japan, 11% US, 6% New Zealand, 4% North Korea, 4% Singapore, 3% USSR; imports—22% US, 22% Japan, 7% UK, 6% FRG, 4% New Zealand

mostly with neighboring US Virgin Islands

exports — (crude petroleum and liquefied natural gas) Japan 68.4%; imports— Japan 30%, US 24%, UK 15%, Singapore 9%

57% Soviet Union, 18.5% other Communist countries, 24.5% non-Communist countries

Ivory Coast and Ghana; overseas trade mainly with France and other EC countries; preferential tariff to EC and franc zone countries

Australia, New Zealand

exports — 34% US, 15% FRG, 6% Venezuela, 4% Netherlands, 4% Japan, 3% Italy; imports— 35% US, 10% Japan, 8% FRG, 7% Venezuela, 4% Brazil, 4% Netherland Antilles, 3% France, 3% Ecuador (1984)

exports — France, FRG, US; imports — France, Kenya,

France and Mauritius

US, FRG, Japan, UK; member of Southern African Customs Union

(1984) exports — US, Iraq, UK, UAR, FRG, Singapore, Japan; imports— Japan, Saudi Arabia, US, India, Singapore, FRG, UK, Iran

Member of

ADB, AIOEC, ANZUS, CIPEC (associate), Colombo Plan, Commonwealth, DAC, ELDO, ESCAP, FAO, GATT, IAEA, IATP, IBA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, ICO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOOC, IPU, IRC, ISO, ITC, ITU, IWC— International Whaling Commission, IWC — International Wheat Council, OECD, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG Economy

Commonwealth Economy

ASEAN, ESCAP (associate member), IMO, INTERPOL, QIC, UN Economy

CEMA, FAO, IAEA, ICAO, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMO, IPU, ITC, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO; Warsaw Pact, International Organization of Journalists, International Medical Association, International Radio and Television Organization Economy

AfDB, CEAO, KAMA, EGA, EIB (associate), Entente, FAO, GATT, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDE— Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, IRC, ITU, NAM, Niger River Commission, OAU, OCAM, QIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Economy GDP. $66 million (1984), $160 per capita (1984); real growth, - 1.3% (1983)

FAO, G-77, GATT, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO.ICO, IDA, IDE — Inter-American Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IRC, ISO, ITU, LAIA and Andean Sub-Regional Group, NAM, OAS, PAHO, SELA, UN, UNESCO, UPEB, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG, WTO Economy

AfDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, IDA, IDE— Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, ILO, IMF, ITU, NAM, OAU, QIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Economy

WFTU Economy

GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, INTELSAT, ISO, ITU, IWC— International Whaling Commission, IWC — International Wheat Council, UN, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WSG (membership rights in IAEA, ICAO, ITU, WHO, WIPO, and WMO suspended or restricted) Economy

ADB, ANRPC, Colombo Plan, Commonwealth, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, IRC, ITU, NAM, SAARC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Economy

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 30 June 1986, $4.4 billion; about 9.5% of total central government budget See regional mip V Land 83,835 km2; slightly smaller than M&ine; 38% forest; 26% meadow and pasture; 20% cultivated; 15% waste or urban; 1% inland water

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1985, $160.1 million; about 17% of central government budget 125km Seeretionil mip V Land 1 10,912 km2; slightly larger than Ohio; 41% arable; 33% forest; 15% other; 11% agricultural

est. for fiscal year ending 31 December 1985, 1.2 billion leva; 6.2% of total budget Burkina (formerly Upper Volta) Boundary not necessarily authontali* Srr rriiunm! m«p Ml Land 240,200 km2; the size of Colorado; 50% pasture, 21% fallow, 10% cultivated, 9% forest and scrub, 10% waste and other

for fiscal year ending 1986, $310.6 million; 7% of the central government budget Comoros SO km Indian Ocean 3RONI Grande Comore Mohtli muduA ^sT"* \Anjou*n -sfomboni ^X } ipk.- \J Mozambique *dminiM«r«d by France ^, claimed by Comoros Channel Land 2,171 km2; half the size of Delaware; 4 main islands; 48% cultivated, 29% uncultivated, 16% forest, 7% pasture Water

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1986, $256 million, 9% of central government estimated budget Set regional mip VII Land 2,505,813 km2; over one-fourth the size of the US; 37% arable (3% cultivated); 33% desert, waste, or urban; 15% grazing; 15% forest

Military manpower

males 15-49, 4,194,000; 3,542,000 fit for military service; 140,000 reach military age (17) annually

males 15-49, 61,000; 37,000 fit for military service; about 3,300 reach military age (18) annually

males 15-49, 2,172,000; 1,822,000 fit for military service; 65,000 reach military age (19) annually

males 15-49, 7,763,000; 5,504,000 fit for military service; about 361 ,000 reach military age (18) annually

males 15-49, 156,000; 81,000 fit for military service; 7,000 reach military age ( 1 8) annually 200 fcm See regional mip V Land 237,499 km2; slightly smaller than Oregon; 44% arable, 27% forest, 19% other agricultural, 10% other

males 15-49, 4,416,000; 3,468,000 fit for military service; 193,000 reach military age (18) annually

Monetarsy conversion rate

1.44 Australian dollar=US$l (6 February 1986)

1.44 Australian dollar=US$l (6 February 1986)

Monetary conversion rate

US currency used; 1 pound sterling= US$1. 443 (October 1985)

2.119 Brunei dollars=US$ 1 (December 1985)

1.016 leva= US$1 (September 1985)

about 475 Communaute Financiere Africaine (CFA) francs=US$l (1985)

164.58pesos= US$1 (November 1985)

7.974 French francs=US$l (31 October 1983)

2.3 South African rand=US$l (29 January 1986)

27.4 rupees=US$l (October 1985)

Na tional holiday

Territory Day, 1 July

National holiday

Australia Day, 26 January

National Day, 23 February

National Liberation Day, 9 September

Independence Day, 4 August

Independence Day, 20 July

Liberation Day, 23 August

Republic Day, 31 May

Independence Day, 22 May

National holidays

5 and 29 June

National resources

phosphates

Nationality

noun — Australian(s); adjective— Australian

noun — Austrian(s); adjective — Austrian

noun — Virgin Islander(s); adjective— Virgin Islander

noun — Bruneian(s); adjective — Bruneian

noun — Bulgarian(s); adjective— Bulgarian

noun — Burkinabe; adjective — Burkinan

noun — Christmas Islanders), adjective — Christmas Island

noun — Colombian(s); adjective— Colombian

noun — Comoran(s); adjective — Comoran

noun — Indonesian(s); adjective— Indonesian

noun — Reunionese (sing, and pi.); adjective — Reunionese

noun — Romanian(s); adjective— Romanian

noun — Seychellois (sing, and pi.); adjective — Seychelles

noun — South African(s); adjective— South African

noun — Sri Lankan(s); adjective— Sri Lankan

noun — Sudanese (sing, and pi.); adjective — Sudanese

Natural resources

bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, silver, uranium, nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, oil

oil, natural gas Brunei (continued) Bulgaria

bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, lignite, lumber

manganese, limestone, marble, gold, antimony, copper, nickel, bauxite, lead, phosphates

petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds

gold, chromium, antimony, coal, iron, manganese, nickel, phosphates, tin, uranium, gem diamonds, platinum, copper, vanadium

limestone, graphite, mineral sands, gems, phosphates

Official name

Commonwealth of Australia

British Indian Ocean Territory

British Virgin Islands

State of Brunei Darussalam

People's Republic of Bulgaria

Burkina Faso

Territory of Christmas Island

Republic of Colombia

Federal Islamic Republic of the Comoros

Department of Reunion

Socialist Republic of Roma-

Republic of Seychelles

Republic of South Africa

Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

Organized labor

55% of total employees (Dc.embci 1983) Government

2% of labor force Government

four principal trade union groups represent less than 1% of population Government

1,418,321 members (1982) Government

3 major trade unions Government

about 7% of total labor force is unionized (mostly white workers); African unions represent less than 15% of black labor force Government

about 33% of labor force, over 50% of which employed on tea, rubber, and coconut estates Government

Other political groups

(insurgent groups in exile) African National Congress (ANC), Oliver Tambo; Pan-Af ricanist Congress (PAC), Johnson Mlambo

Other political or pressure groups

Australian Democratic Labor Party (antiCommunist Labor Party splinter group)

committees for the defense of the revolution, watchdog/political action groups established by current regime throughout the country in both organizations and communities

Communist Party (PCC), Gilberto Vieira White; PCC/ML, Chinese Line Communist Party; Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia's Patriotic Union Party (FARC-UP)

trade unions, church

Tamil separatist groups, Buddhist clergy, Sinhalese Buddhist lay groups; far-left violent revolutionary groups; labor unions

Pipelines

crude oil, 2,400 km; refined products, 500 km; natural gas, 5,600 km

crude oil, 135 km; refined products, 418 km; natural gas, 920 km

crude, 193 km; refined product, 418 km; natural gas, 1,120km

crude oil, 3,585 km; refined products, 1,350 km; natural gas, 830 km; natural gas liquids, 125 km

crude, 14 km; refined products, 55km

Political party

sole legal political party is Comoran Union for Progress (UCP)

Political subdivisions

6 states and 2 territories

9 electoral districts

four administrative districts

27 okrugs (districts); capital city of Sofia has equivalent status

30 provinces, 250 departments

22 departments, 5 intendancies, 5 commissariats, Bogota Special District

the three main islands are organized into seven regions

40 counties; city of Bucharest has administrative status equal to a county

4 provinces, each headed by centrally appointed administrator; provincial councils, elected by white electorate, retain limited powers; numerous districts; 10 homelands' administered in areas set aside for black Africans

9 provinces, 24 administrative districts

Population

15,793,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 1.0%

7,546,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 0%

no permanent civilian population; formerly about 3,000 islanders

12,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 1.0%

240,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 3.7%

8,990,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 0.2%

7,094,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.7%

2,965 (as of June 1983), average annual growth rate 0.6%

29,956,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.1%

420,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.9%

176,764,000, including Timor Timur and Irian Jaya (West Irian; July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.1%

539,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 1.0%

22,830,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 0.4%

67,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 1.2%

33,241,000 (July 1986), including Bophuthatswana, Ciskei, Kwazulu, Lebowa, Transkei, and Venda; average annual growth rate 2.4%; Bophuthatswana 1,688,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 3.9%; Ciskei 781,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.3%; Kwazulu 4,554,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 4.6%; Lebowa 2,310,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 4.5%; Transkei 3,063,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 3.4%; Venda 423,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 2.7%

16,638,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 1.8%

22,932,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate —0.2%

Ports

12 major, numerous minor

1 major (Diego Garcia)

1 major (Road Town)

1 major (Muara), 4 minor

3 major (Varna, Varna West, Burgas), 6 minor (1981); principal river ports are Ruse and Lorn (1984) Defense Forces

Flying Fish Cove

6 major (Barranquilla, Buenaventura, Cartagena, San Andres, Santa Marta, Tumaco)

1 major (Port de la Pointe des Galets at Le Port)

3 major, 9 minor

Railroads

42,855 km total (1980); 9,689 km 1.600-meter gauge, 15,783 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 17,383 km 1.067-meter gauge; 900 km electrified (June 1979); government owned (except for a few hundred kilometers of privately owned track)

none

none

13 km 0.610-meter narrow-gauge private line

4,278 km total; all government owned (1983); about 4,033 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 245 km narrow gauge; 770 km double track; 1,994 km electrified

none

3,563 km, all 0.914-meter gauge, single track

none

1,868 km total (1985); all 1.868meter broad gauge; 102 km double track; no electrification; government owned

Religion

26.1% Anglican, 26.0% Roman Catholic, 24.3% other Christian

88% Roman Catholic, 6% Protestant, 6% none or other

majority Methodist; others include Anglican, Church of God, Seventh-day Adventist, Baptist, and Roman Catholic

60% Muslim (official); 8% Christian; 32% Buddhist and indigenous beliefs

regime promotes atheism; religious background of population is 85% Bulgarian Orthodox, 13% Muslim, 0.8% Jewish, 0.7% Roman Catholic, 0.5% Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other

65% indigenous beliefs, about 25% Muslim, 10% Christian (mainly Catholic)

95% Roman Catholic

86% Sunni Muslim, 14% Roman Catholic

88% Muslim, 6% Protestant, 3% Roman Catholic, 2% Hindu, 1% other

94% Roman Catholic

80% Romanian Orthodox; 6% Roman Catholic; 4% Calvinist, Lutheran, Jewish, Baptist

90% Roman Catholic, 8% Anglican, 2% other

most whites and coloreds and roughly 60% of Africans are Christian; roughly 60% of Indians are Hindu, 20% Muslim

69% Buddhist, 15% Hindu, 8% Christian, 8% Muslim, 0.1% other

70% Sunni Muslim in north, 20% indigenous beliefs, 5% Christian (mostly in south)

Shortages

some raw materials; scattered energy and food shortages in 1985

Suffrage

universal and compulsory over age

universal adult over 18

universal at 21; three-tiered system of indirect elections; popular vote cast for lowest level (district councilors)

universal and compulsory over age

universal for adults

age 18 and over

universal adult

universal adult

universal and compulsory over age

universal adult

general suffrage limited to whites over 18 (17 in Natal Province) and to coloreds and Indians over 18

universal over age 18

Telecommunications

very good international and domestic service; 7.4 million telephones (52 per 100 popl.); 223 AM, 5 FM, and 1 1 1 TV stations; 3 earth satellite stations; submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Guam Defense Forces

minimal telecommunications facilities; US Navy operates 1 AM, 1 FM, and 1 TV station Defense Forces United States and United Kingdom defense facilities North Atlantic Ocean Josl Hp > ^~>=O ^ - - »*•* • ' ^-_ -To ROADTOWN^^^ r <Z*!&~^ ^^o a Tortola Anegada Caribbean Sea Sre regional map III Land 153 km2; about the size of Wahington, D. C.; consists of more than 40 islands; main islands are Tortola, Anegada, Virgin Gorda, and Jost Van Dyke Water

3,000 telephones — worldwide external telephone service and cable communication links; 1 AM and 1 TV station Defense Forces Defense is the responsibility of the United Kingdom 25km South China Sea BANDAR SERI BEGAWAN Land 5,788 km2; slightly larger than Delaware; 75% forest; 22% industry, waste, urban, or other; 3% cultivable, of which only 10% is cultivated

service throughout country is adequate for present needs; international service good to adjacent Sabah and Sarawak; radiobroadcast coverage good; 17,930 telephones (8.0 per lOOpopl.); Radio Brunei broadcasts from 6 AM/FM stations and 1 TV station; 32,000 radio receivers; 1 satellite station Defense Forces

4,000 radio receivers (1982) Defense Forces Defense is the responsibility of Australia San Felipe Land 1,138,914 km2; about the size of Texas and New Mexico combined; 72% unsettled (mostly forest and savannah); 28% settled (consisting of 5% crop and fallow; 14% pasture, 6% forest, swamp, and water; 3% urban and other)

nationwide radiorelay system; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite station with 2 antennas and 1 1 domestic satellite stations; 1 .89 million telephones (6.5 per 100 popl.); 404 AM and 85 TV stations Defense Forces

adequate system for needs; modern openwire line and radiorelay network; principal center Saint-Denis; radiocommunication to Comoros Islands, France, Madagascar; new radio-relay route to Mauritius; 71,500 telephones (14.0 per 100 popl.); 2 AM, 9 FM stations; 1 TV station with 17 relay transmitters; 1 Indian Ocean satellite station Defense Forces Defense is the responsibility of France

good international service; 75,000 (est.) telephones (0.5 per 100 popl.); 16 AM, 2 FM stations; 1 TV station; submarine cables extend to India; 1 ground satellite station Defense Forces

Type

federal parliamentary state recognizing Elizabeth II as sovereign or head of state

colony administered by United Kingdom; control disputed by Mauritius

British dependent territory

became independent on 1 January 1984; constitutional sultanate

Communist state

military; established by coup on 4 August 1983

Australian territory

republic; executive branch dominates government structure

three of the four islands compose an independent republic, following local government's unilateral declaration of independence from France in July 1975; the other island, Mayotte, disallowed declaration and is now a French territorial community but is claimed by the Comoros

overseas department of France; represented in French Parliament by three deputies and two senators

Communist state

republic; member of the Commonwealth

republic

independent state since 1948

Voting strength

(1984 parliamentary election) House of Representatives — Labor Party 82 seats, Liberal-National coalition 66 seats; Senate — Labor Party 34 seats, LiberalNational coalition 33 seats, Australian Democratic Party 7 seats, Nuclear Disarmament Party 1 seat, independents 1 seat Communists.- 4,000 members (est.)

1983 elections — UP 4 seats; VIP 4 seats; Independents 1 seat

(1982 presidential election) Belisario Betancur 46.8%, Alfonso Lopez Michelsen 40.7%, Luis Carlos Galan 11.1%, Gerardo Molina 1.2%, other 1.2%; 49% abstention

UCP holds 37 seats in the Federal Assembly

(parliamentary election 1981) Union for French Democracy - Rally for the Republic coalition elected two deputies; the Socialists elected one; in the 1983 Regional Assembly election, leftist parties received 45.7% of the vote

(1985 election) overall participation reached 99.99%; of those registered to vote (15,733,060), 97.73% voted for party candidates

white parliamentary seats — National Party, 127; Progressive Federal Party, 27; Conservative Party, 18; New Republic, 5; Herstigte National Party, 1

(October 1982 presidential election) UNP 52.91 %,SLFP 39.07%, JVP 4.18%, All Ceylon Tamil Congress 2.67%, LSSP .9%, NSSP .27%

Workforce

4,91 1(1980) Government