2012 Edition

Background

At the close of World War I, the Czechs and Slovaks of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire merged to form Czechoslovakia. During the interwar years, having rejected a federal system, the new country's predominantly Czech leaders were frequently preoccupied with meeting the increasingly strident demands of other ethnic minorities within the republic, most notably the Slovaks, the Sudeten Germans, and the Ruthenians (Ukrainians). On the eve of World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the Czech part of the country and Slovakia became an independent state allied with Germany. After the war, a reunited but truncated Czechoslovakia (less Ruthenia) fell within the Soviet sphere of influence. In 1968, an invasion by Warsaw Pact troops ended the efforts of the country's leaders to liberalize Communist rule and create "socialism with a human face," ushering in a period of repression known as "normalization." The peaceful "Velvet Revolution" swept the Communist Party from power at the end of 1989 and inaugurated a return to democratic rule and a market economy. On 1 January 1993, the country underwent a nonviolent "velvet divorce" into its two national components, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The Czech Republic joined NATO in 1999 and the European Union in 2004.

Area

78,867 sq km 77,247 sq km 1,620 sq km

total

78,867 sq km

water

1,620 sq km

Area - comparative

slightly smaller than South Carolina

Climate

temperate; cool summers; cold, cloudy, humid winters

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Elevation extremes

Elbe River 115 m Snezka 1,602 m

highest point

Snezka 1,602 m

lowest point

Elbe River 115 m

Environment - current issues

air and water pollution in areas of northwest Bohemia and in northern Moravia around Ostrava present health risks; acid rain damaging forests; efforts to bring industry up to EU code should improve domestic pollution

Environment - international agreements

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling none of the selected agreements

party to

Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

1.91 cu km/yr (41%/57%/2%) 187 cu m/yr (2002)

per capita

187 cu m/yr (2002)

total

1.91 cu km/yr (41%/57%/2%)

Geographic coordinates

49 45 N, 15 30 E

Geography - note

landlocked; strategically located astride some of oldest and most significant land routes in Europe; Moravian Gate is a traditional military corridor between the North European Plain and the Danube in central Europe

Irrigated land

390 sq km (2003)

Land boundaries

1,989 km Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km, Slovakia 197 km

border countries

Austria 362 km, Germany 815 km, Poland 615 km, Slovakia 197 km

total

1,989 km

Land use

38.82% 3% 58.18% (2005)

arable land

38.82%

other

58.18% (2005)

permanent crops

3%

Location

Central Europe, between Germany, Poland, Slovakia, and Austria

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Natural hazards

flooding

Natural resources

hard coal, soft coal, kaolin, clay, graphite, timber

Terrain

Bohemia in the west consists of rolling plains, hills, and plateaus surrounded by low mountains; Moravia in the east consists of very hilly country

Total renewable water resources

16 cu km (2005)

Age structure

13.4% (male 703,476/ female 665,087) 69.6% (male 3,564,702/ female 3,514,501) 17% (male 694,215/ female 1,035,319) (2012 est.)

0-14 years

13.4% (male 703,476/ female 665,087)

15-64 years

69.6% (male 3,564,702/ female 3,514,501)

65 years and over

17% (male 694,215/ female 1,035,319) (2012 est.)

Birth rate

8.62 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

2.1% (2002)

Death rate

10.94 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)

Education expenditures

4.2% of GDP (2007)

Ethnic groups

Czech 90.4%, Moravian 3.7%, Slovak 1.9%, other 4% (2001 census)

Health expenditures

7.6% of GDP (2009)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

less than 0.1% (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

fewer than 100 (2009 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

2,000 (2009 est.)

Hospital bed density

7.18 beds/1,000 population (2008)

Infant mortality rate

3.7 deaths/1,000 live births 4.03 deaths/1,000 live births 3.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

female

3.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)

total

3.7 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

Czech 94.9%, Slovak 2%, other 2.3%, unidentified 0.8% (2001 census)

Life expectancy at birth

77.38 years 74.11 years 80.83 years (2012 est.)

female

80.83 years (2012 est.)

total population

77.38 years

Literacy

NA 99% 99% 99% (2003 est.)

definition

NA

female

99% (2003 est.)

male

99%

total population

99%

Major cities - population

PRAGUE (capital) 1.162 million (2009)

Maternal mortality rate

5 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)

Median age

41.1 years 39.6 years 42.9 years (2012 est.)

female

42.9 years (2012 est.)

male

39.6 years

total

41.1 years

Nationality

Czech(s) Czech

adjective

Czech

noun

Czech(s)

Net migration rate

0.97 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

15.1% (2002)

Physicians density

3.625 physicians/1,000 population (2008)

Population

10,177,300 (July 2012 est.)

Population growth rate

-0.134% (2012 est.)

Religions

Roman Catholic 26.8%, Protestant 2.1%, other 3.3%, unspecified 8.8%, unaffiliated 59% (2001 census)

Sanitation facility access

urban: 99% of population rural: 97% of population total: 98% of population urban: 1% of population rural: 3% of population total: 2% of population

rural

3% of population

total

2% of population

urban

1% of population

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

15 years 15 years 16 years (2008)

female

16 years (2008)

male

15 years

total

15 years

Sex ratio

1.06 male(s)/female 1.06 male(s)/female 1.01 male(s)/female 0.67 male(s)/female 0.95 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

15-64 years

1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.67 male(s)/female

at birth

1.06 male(s)/female

total population

0.95 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

under 15 years

1.06 male(s)/female

Total fertility rate

1.27 children born/woman (2012 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

16.6% 16.6% 16.7% (2009)

female

16.7% (2009)

total

16.6%

Urbanization

74% of total population (2010) 0.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

rate of urbanization

0.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

urban population

74% of total population (2010)

Administrative divisions

13 regions (kraje, singular - kraj) and 1 capital city* (hlavni mesto); Jihocesky (South Bohemia), Jihomoravsky (South Moravia), Karlovarsky, Kralovehradecky, Liberecky (Liberec), Moravskoslezsky (Moravia-Silesia), Olomoucky (Olomouc), Pardubicky (Pardubice), Plzensky (Pilsen), Praha (Prague)*, Stredocesky (Central Bohemia), Ustecky, Vysocina, Zlinsky (Zlin)

Capital

Prague 50 05 N, 14 28 E UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

daylight saving time

+1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

geographic coordinates

50 05 N, 14 28 E

name

Prague

time difference

UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

Constitution

ratified 16 December 1992, effective 1 January 1993; amended several times

Country name

Czech Republic Czech Republic Ceska republika Cesko

conventional long form

Czech Republic

conventional short form

Czech Republic

local long form

Ceska republika

local short form

Cesko

Diplomatic representation from the US

Ambassador Norman EISEN Trziste 15, 118 01 Prague 1 use embassy street address [420] 257 022 000 [420] 257 022 809

chief of mission

Ambassador Norman EISEN

embassy

Trziste 15, 118 01 Prague 1

FAX

[420] 257 022 809

mailing address

use embassy street address

telephone

[420] 257 022 000

Diplomatic representation in the US

Ambassador Petr GANDALOVIC 3900 Spring of Freedom Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 [1] (202) 274-9100 [1] (202) 966-8540 Chicago, Los Angeles, New York

chancery

3900 Spring of Freedom Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

chief of mission

Ambassador Petr GANDALOVIC

consulate(s) general

Chicago, Los Angeles, New York

FAX

[1] (202) 966-8540

telephone

[1] (202) 274-9100

Executive branch

President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003); note - President-elect Milos ZEMAN is to be sworn in 8 March 2013 Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010); First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Karolina PEAKE (since 1 July 2011) Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament; president elected for a five-year term (may not serve more than two consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%

cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister

chief of state

President Vaclav KLAUS (since 7 March 2003); note - President-elect Milos ZEMAN is to be sworn in 8 March 2013

election results

Milos ZEMAN elected president; percent of popular vote - Milos ZEMAN 54.8%, Karel SCHWARZENBERG 45.2%

elections

constitutional amendment passed in 2012 introduced presidential election by popular vote instead of by Parliament; president elected for a five-year term (may not serve more than two consecutive terms); elections last held on 11-12 January 2013 with a runoff on 25-26 January 2013 (next to be held in January 2018); prime minister appointed by the president

head of government

Prime Minister Petr NECAS (since 28 June 2010); First Deputy Prime Minister Karel SCHWARZENBERG (since 13 July 2010), Deputy Prime Minister Karolina PEAKE (since 1 July 2011)

Flag description

two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a blue isosceles triangle based on the hoist side is identical to the flag of the former Czechoslovakia

Government type

parliamentary democracy

Independence

1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia); note - although 1 January is the day the Czech Republic came into being, the Czechs commemorate 28 October 1918, the day the former Czechoslovakia declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, as their independence day

International law organization participation

has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MONUSCO, NATO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PCA, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch

Supreme Court; judges are appointed by the president for an unlimited term; Constitutional Court; 15 judges are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate for a 10-year term; Supreme Administrative Court; chairman and deputy chairmen are appointed by the president for a 10-year term; judges are appointed by the president for an unlimited term

Legal system

in 2014, a new civil code will replace the existing civil law system, which is based on former Austro-Hungarian civil codes and socialist theory and has been amended 40 times since the Communist regime fell in 1989

Legislative branch

bicameral Parliament or Parlament consists of the Senate or Senat (81 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms; one-third elected every two years) and the Chamber of Deputies or Poslanecka Snemovna (200 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) Senate - last held in two rounds on 12-13 and 19-20 October 2012 (next to be held in October 2014); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 28-29 May 2010 (next to be held in 2014) Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CSSD 48, ODS 15, KDU-CSL 4, TOP 09 4, North Bohemians 2, KSCM 2, Green 1, Ostravak 1, Pirate 1, independent 3; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - CSSD 22.1%, ODS 20.2%, TOP 09 16.7%, KSCM 11.3%, VV 10.9%, other 18.8%; seats by party - CSSD 54, ODS 49, TOP 09 41, KSCM 26, VV 11, unaffiliated 19

election results

Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - CSSD 48, ODS 15, KDU-CSL 4, TOP 09 4, North Bohemians 2, KSCM 2, Green 1, Ostravak 1, Pirate 1, independent 3; Chamber of Deputies - percent of vote by party - CSSD 22.1%, ODS 20.2%, TOP 09 16.7%, KSCM 11.3%, VV 10.9%, other 18.8%; seats by party - CSSD 54, ODS 49, TOP 09 41, KSCM 26, VV 11, unaffiliated 19

elections

Senate - last held in two rounds on 12-13 and 19-20 October 2012 (next to be held in October 2014); Chamber of Deputies - last held on 28-29 May 2010 (next to be held in 2014)

National anthem

"Kde domov muj?" (Where is My Home?) Josef Kajetan TYL/Frantisek Jan SKROUP adopted 1993; the anthem is a verse from the former Czechoslovak anthem originally written as part of the opera "Fidlovacka"

lyrics/music

Josef Kajetan TYL/Frantisek Jan SKROUP

name

"Kde domov muj?" (Where is My Home?)

National holiday

Czechoslovak Founding Day, 28 October (1918)

National symbol(s)

double-tailed lion

Political parties and leaders

Association of Independent Candidates-European Democrats or SNK-ED [Zdenka MARKOVA]; Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Pavel BELOBRADEK]; Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Petr NECAS]; Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Vojtech FILIP]; Czech Pirate Party [Ivan BARTOS]; Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Bohuslav SOBOTKA]; Green Party [Ondrej LISKA]; Liberal Democrats or LIDEM [Karolina PEAKE]; North Bohemians; Ostravak Movement; Public Affairs or VV [Radek JOHN]; Tradice Odpovednost Prosperita 09 or TOP 09 [Karel SCHWARZENBERG]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Czech-Moravian Confederation of Trade Unions or CMKOS [Jaroslav ZAVADIL]

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Agriculture - products

wheat, potatoes, sugar beets, hops, fruit; pigs, poultry

Budget

$81.08 billion $87.25 billion (2012 est.)

expenditures

$87.25 billion (2012 est.)

revenues

$81.08 billion

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-3.2% of GDP (2012 est.)

Central bank discount rate

0.75% (31 December 2011 est.) 0.75% (31 December 2010) this is the two-week repo, the main rate CNB uses

Commercial bank prime lending rate

5.9% (31 December 2012 est.) 5.72% (31 December 2011 est.)

Current account balance

-$3.596 billion (2012 est.) -$6.348 billion (2011 est.)

Debt - external

$90.18 billion (2012 est.) $93.91 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Distribution of family income - Gini index

31 (2009) 25.4 (1996)

Economy - overview

The Czech Republic is a stable and prosperous market economy closely integrated with the EU, especially since the country's EU accession in 2004. While the conservative, inward-looking Czech financial system has remained relatively healthy, the small, open, export-driven Czech economy remains sensitive to changes in the economic performance of its main export markets, especially Germany. When Western Europe and Germany fell into recession in late 2008, demand for Czech goods plunged, leading to double digit drops in industrial production and exports. As a result, real GDP fell 4.7% in 2009, with most of the decline occurring during the first quarter. Real GDP, however, slowly recovered with positive quarter-on-quarter growth starting in the second half of 2009 and continuing throughout 2011. In 2012, however, the economy fell into a recession due to a slump in external demand. The auto industry remains the largest single industry, and, together with its upstream suppliers, accounts for nearly 24% of Czech manufacturing. The Czech Republic produced more than a million cars for the first time in 2010, over 80% of which were exported. Foreign and domestic businesses alike voice concerns about corruption especially in public procurement. Other long term challenges include dealing with a rapidly aging population, funding an unsustainable pension and health care system, and diversifying away from manufacturing and toward a more high-tech, services-based, knowledge economy.

Exchange rates

koruny (CZK) per US dollar - 19.59 (2012 est.) 17.696 (2011 est.) 19.098 (2010 est.) 19.063 (2009) 17.064 (2008)

Exports

$134.1 billion (2012 est.) $138.5 billion (2011 est.)

Exports - commodities

machinery and transport equipment, raw materials and fuel, chemicals

Exports - partners

Germany 32.4%, Slovakia 9%, Poland 6.3%, France 5.5%, Austria 4.6%, UK 4.6%, Italy 4.2% (2011)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP - composition by sector

1.8% 39.6% 58.6% (2012 est.)

agriculture

1.8%

industry

39.6%

services

58.6% (2012 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$27,200 (2012 est.) $27,500 (2011 est.) $27,100 (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate

-1% (2012 est.) 1.7% (2011 est.) 2.7% (2010 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$193.5 billion (2012 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$286.7 billion (2012 est.) $289.6 billion (2011 est.) $284.9 billion (2010 est.) data are in 2012 US dollars

Household income or consumption by percentage share

1.5% NA% (2009)

highest 10%

NA% (2009)

lowest 10%

1.5%

Imports

$129 billion (2012 est.) $133.2 billion (2011 est.)

Imports - commodities

machinery and transport equipment, raw materials and fuels, chemicals

Imports - partners

Germany 29.6%, China 7.6%, Poland 7.1%, Slovakia 7%, Netherlands 5.7%, Russia 4.8%, Austria 4.4% (2011)

Industrial production growth rate

6.9% (2011 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

3.3% (2012 est.) 1.9% (2011 est.)

Investment (gross fixed)

24.4% of GDP (2012 est.)

Labor force

5.545 million (2012 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

3.1% 38.6% 58.3% (2009)

agriculture

3.1%

industry

38.6%

services

58.3% (2009)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$53.2 billion (31 December 2011) $73.1 billion (31 December 2010) $70.26 billion (31 December 2009)

Population below poverty line

9% (2010 est.)

Public debt

43.9% of GDP (2012 est.) 41.2% of GDP (2011 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$35.26 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $40.29 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of broad money

$151.7 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $141.4 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$16.47 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $15.47 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$129.2 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $125.2 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of domestic credit

$139.9 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $129.9 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Stock of narrow money

$114 billion (31 December 2012 est.) $107.8 billion (31 December 2011 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

41.9% of GDP (2012 est.)

Unemployment rate

8.6% (2012 est.) 8.5% (2011 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

90.83 million Mt (2010 est.)

Crude oil - exports

420 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Crude oil - imports

143,700 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Crude oil - production

9,162 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves

15 million bbl (1 January 2012 est.)

Electricity - consumption

58.88 billion kWh (2009 est.)

Electricity - exports

21.59 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels

60% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

5.7% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

20.9% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources

7.1% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)

Electricity - imports

6.642 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity

18.32 million kW (2009 est.)

Electricity - production

80.44 billion kWh (2010 est.)

Natural gas - consumption

8.944 billion cu m (2011 est.)

Natural gas - exports

167 million cu m (2011 est.)

Natural gas - imports

9.319 billion cu m (2011 est.)

Natural gas - production

185 million cu m (2011 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves

3.964 billion cu m (1 January 2011 est.)

Refined petroleum products - consumption

199,000 bbl/day (2011 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports

25,060 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports

65,560 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production

167,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)

Broadcast media

roughly 130 TV broadcasters operating some 350 channels with 4 publicly operated and the remainder in private hands; 16 TV stations have national coverage with 4 being publicly operated; cable and satellite TV subscription services are available; 63 radio broadcasters are registered operating roughly 80 radio stations with 15 stations publicly operated; 10 radio stations provide national coverage with the remainder local or regional (2008)

Internet country code

.cz

Internet hosts

4.148 million (2012)

Internet users

6.681 million (2009)

Telephone system

privatization and modernization of the Czech telecommunication system got a late start but is advancing steadily; virtually all exchanges now digital; existing copper subscriber systems enhanced with Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) equipment to accommodate Internet and other digital signals; trunk systems include fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay access to the fixed-line telephone network expanded throughout the 1990s but the number of fixed line connections has been dropping since then; mobile telephone usage increased sharply beginning in the mid-1990s and the number of cellular telephone subscriptions now greatly exceeds the population country code - 420; satellite earth stations - 6 (2 Intersputnik - Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions, 1 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat, 1 Globalstar)

domestic

access to the fixed-line telephone network expanded throughout the 1990s but the number of fixed line connections has been dropping since then; mobile telephone usage increased sharply beginning in the mid-1990s and the number of cellular telephone subscriptions now greatly exceeds the population

general assessment

privatization and modernization of the Czech telecommunication system got a late start but is advancing steadily; virtually all exchanges now digital; existing copper subscriber systems enhanced with Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) equipment to accommodate Internet and other digital signals; trunk systems include fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay

international

country code - 420; satellite earth stations - 6 (2 Intersputnik - Atlantic and Indian Ocean regions, 1 Intelsat, 1 Eutelsat, 1 Inmarsat, 1 Globalstar)

Telephones - main lines in use

2.289 million (2011)

Telephones - mobile cellular

13 million (2011)

Airports

128 (2012)

Airports - with paved runways

16 (2012)

1,524 to 2,437 m

12

2,438 to 3,047 m

9

914 to 1,523 m

2

over 3,047 m

2

total

41

under 914 m

16 (2012)

Airports - with unpaved runways

60 (2012)

1,524 to 2,437 m

1

914 to 1,523 m

26

total

87

under 914 m

60 (2012)

Heliports

1 (2012)

Merchant marine

1 (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1) (2010)

registered in other countries

1 (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1) (2010)

Pipelines

gas 7,010 km; oil 547 km; refined products 94 km (2010)

Ports and terminals

Decin, Prague, Usti nad Labem

Railways

9,469 km 9,449 km 1.435-m gauge (3,165 km electrified) 20 km 0.750-m gauge (2008)

narrow gauge

20 km 0.750-m gauge (2008)

total

9,469 km

Roadways

127,797 km (includes urban roads) 127,797 km (includes 730 km of expressways) (2008)

total

127,797 km (includes urban roads)

Waterways

664 km (principally on Elbe, Vltava, Oder, and other navigable rivers, lakes, and canals) (2010)

Manpower available for military service

2,506,826 2,407,634 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

2,407,634 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

2,506,826

Manpower fit for military service

2,072,267 1,988,839 (2010 est.)

females age 16-49

1,988,839 (2010 est.)

males age 16-49

2,072,267

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

49,999 47,501 (2010 est.)

female

47,501 (2010 est.)

male

49,999

Military branches

Army of the Czech Republic (Armada Ceske Republiky): Joint Forces Command (Spolocene Sily; includes Land Forces (Pozemni Sily) and Air Forces (Vzdusne Sily)) the Ministry of Defense plans to abolish the Joint Forces Command in 2012 and reestablish separate Land and Air Forces Commands (2011)

Army of the Czech Republic (Armada Ceske Republiky)

Joint Forces Command (Spolocene Sily; includes Land Forces (Pozemni Sily) and Air Forces (Vzdusne Sily))

Military expenditures

1.15% of GDP (2007 est.)

Military service age and obligation

18-28 years of age for male and female voluntary military service; no conscription (2010)

Disputes - international

while threats of international legal action never materialized in 2007, 915,220 Austrians, with the support of the popular Freedom Party, signed a petition in January 2008, demanding that Austria block the Czech Republic's accession to the EU unless Prague closes its controversial Soviet-style nuclear plant in Temelin, bordering Austria

Illicit drugs

transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and minor transit point for Latin American cocaine to Western Europe; producer of synthetic drugs for local and regional markets; susceptible to money laundering related to drug trafficking, organized crime; significant consumer of ecstasy (2008)