1985 Edition

Agriculture

cash crops — peanuts, shea nuts, sesame, cotton; food crops — sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock; food deficiency

accounts for 64% of total employment and abouf29% of GDP; main crops — paddy, pulses, sugarcane, beans, peanuts; almost 100% self-sufficient; most rice grown in deltaic land

Aid

economic commitments — Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF (197082), $1.5 billion; US authorized including ExIm (FY70-83) $178 million; Communist countries (1970-83), $54 million

Airfields

54 total, 52 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 2,4403,659 m, 4 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

89 total, 86 usable; 24 with permanent-surface runways; 2 with runways 2,4403,659 m, 39 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Branches

Bulgarian People's Army, Frontier Troops, Air and Air Defense Forces, Bulgarian Navy

President is an army officer; military council of unknown number; 21member military and civilian Cabinet; judiciary

Army, Air Force •

Council of State rules through a Council of Ministers, National Assembly (Pyithu Hluttaw or People's Congress) has legislative power

Army, Navy, Air Force

Budget

(1983) revenue $220 million, current expenditures $148 million, development expenditures $161 million

(1982/83) $4.7 billion est. revenues, $5.3 billion expenditures, $600 million deficit

Capital

Ouagadougou

Rangoon

Civil air

1 major transport aircraft

about 17 major transport aircraft (including 3 helicopters)

Coastline

3,060 km People

Communisms

est. 15,000 (primarily as an insurgent group on the northeast frontier)

Communists

small Communist party front group; some sympathizers

Elections

political process suspended; no talk of returning to constitutional rule Political parties and leaders: all political parties banned following November 1980 coup

National Assembly and local People's Councils elected in 1981 Political parties and leaders: governmentsponsored Burma Socialist Program Party only legal party; U Ne Win, party chairman

Electric power

55,000 kW capacity (1984); 134 million kWh produced (1984), 19 kWh per capita

818,000 kW capacity (1984); 1.7 billion kWh produced (1984), 47 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

more than 50 tribes; principal tribe is Mossi (about 2.5 million); other important groups are Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, and Fulani

72% Burman, 7% Karen, 6% Shan, 6% Indian, 3% Chinese, 2% Kachin, 2% Chin, 2% other

Exports

$110 million (f.o.b., 1983); livestock (on the hoof), peanuts, shea nut products, cotton, sesame

$378.9 million (f.o.b., 1983); rice, teak, hardwoods, base metals, ores

Fiscal year

calendar year Communications

1 April-31 March Communications

Fishing

catch 7,000 metric tons (1982 est.)

catch 594,540 metric tons (1981)

Freight carried

rail — 82.6 million metric tons, 1 8. 1 billion metric ton/km ( 1 983); highway— 930 million metric tons, 16.0 billion metric ton/km (1983); waterway — 4.8 million metric tons, 2.3 billion metric ton/km (excluding international transit traffic; 1983)

GDP

$66 million (1984), $157 per capita (1984); real growth, - 1.3% (1983) Burkina Faso (continued) Burma

$5.9 billion (1982/83, in current prices), $166 per capita; real growth rate 6.5% (1982/83)

Government leader

U SAN YU, President and Chairman of Council of State (since November 1981)

Government leaders

Capt. Thomas SANKARA, President (since August 1983)

Highways

36,058 km total; 2,910 km trunk roads, 3,833 km class I concrete, asphalt, stone block; 5,910 km class II asphalt treated, gravel, crushed stone; 19,701 km class III earth; 3,704 km other (1983)

16,500 km total; 967 km paved, 7,733 km improved, 7,800 km unimproved

27,000 km total; 3,200 km bituminous, 17,700 km improved earth or gravel, 6,100 km unimproved earth

Imports

$230 million (f.o.b., 1983); textiles, food, and other consumer goods, transport equipment, machinery, fuels

$735.5 million (f.o.b., 1983); machinery and transportation equipment, building materials, oil industry equipment

Inland waterways

471 km (1981)

12,800 km, 3,200 km navigable by large commercial vessels

Labor force

90% agriculture; 10% industry, commerce, services, and government; about 30,000 are wage earners; about 20% of male labor force migrates annually to neighboring countries for seasonal employment

14.19 million (1982/83); 63.6% agriculture, 12% government, 9.5% trade, 9.4% industry, 5.5% other

Land boundaries

3,307 km People

5,850 km Water

Language

French (official); tribal languages belong to Sudanic family, spoken by 50% of the population

Burmese; minority ethnic groups have their own languages

Legal system

based on French civil law system and customary law

People's Justice system and People's Courts instituted under 1974 constitution; legal education at Universities of Rangoon and Mandalay; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

12 nm (24 nm security zone and 200 nm economic, including fishing, zone)

Literacy

7%

78%

Major industries

agricultural processing plants, brewery, bottling, and brick plants; a few other light industries

agricultural processing; textiles and footwear; wood and wood products; petroleum refining

Major trade partners

Ivory Coast and Ghana; overseas trade mainly with France and other EC countries; preferential tariff to EC and franc zone countries

exports — Singapore, Western Europe, China, UK, Japan; imports— Japan, Western Europe, Singapore, UK

Member of

Af DB, CEAO, KAMA, EGA, FIB (associate), Entente, FAO, GATT, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB— Islamic Development Bank, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, IRC, ITU, NAM, Niger River Commission, OAU, OCAM, QIC, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Economy

ADB, Colombo Plan, FAO, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IFC, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, IRC, ITU, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO Economy

Military budget

est. for fiscal year ending 31 December 1984, 1.1 billion leva; 6.2% of total budget Land 240,200 km2; the size of Colorado; 50% pasture, 21% fallow, 10% cultivated, 9% forest and scrub, 10% waste and other

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1984, $26.9 million; about 18.1% of central government budget Andaman Sea See refionil map VIII ind IX Land 676,552 km2; nearly as large as Texas; 62% forest; 28% arable, of which 12% is cultivated; 10% urban and other

Military manpower

males 15-49, 2,156,000; 1,809,000 fit for military service; 64,000 reach military age (19) annually

males 15-49, 1,540,000; 776,000 fit for military service; no conscription

eligible 15-49, 17,072,000; of the 8,515,000 males 15-49, 4,713,000 are fit for military service; of the 8,557,000 females 15-49, 4,722,000 are fit for military service; about 403,000 males and 393,000 females reach military age (18) annually; both sexes are liable for military service

Monetary conversion rate

about 479.87 Communaute Financiere Africaine (CFA) francs=US$l (December 1984)

8.6052 kyats=US$l (September 1983)

National holiday

Independence Day, 4 August

Independence Day, 4 January

Nationality

noun — Burkinabe; adjective — Burkinan

noun — Burmese; adjective — Burmese

Official name

Burkina Faso

Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma

Organized labor

four principal trade union groups represent less than 1% of population Government

Workers' Asiayone or "association" (1.56 million members) and Peasants' Asiayone (7.83 million members) integrated into the country's sole political party Government

Other political or pressure groups

committees for the defense of the revolution, watchdog/political action groups established by current regime throughout the country in both organizations and communities

Kachin Independence Army; Karen Nationalist Union, several Shan factions (all insurgent groups)

Pipelines

crude, 193 km; refined product, 418 km; natural gas, 1,120 km

crude, 530 km

Political subdivisions

30 provinces, 250 departments

seven divisions (predominantly Burman population) and seven states (based on ethnic minorities), subdivided into townships, village-tracts (rural), and wards (urban)

Population

6,907,000 (July 1985), average annual growth rate 2.5%

36,919,000 (July 1985), average annual growth rate 2.0%

Ports

3 major (Varna, Varna West, Burgas), 6 minor (1981); principal river ports are Ruse and Lorn (1981) Defense Forces

4 major, 6 minor

Railroads

4,267 km total; all government owned (1980); about 4,022 km 1.435-meter standard gauge, 245 km narrow gauge; 654 km double track; 1,730 km electrified

1,173 km Ouagadougou to Abidjan (Ivory Coast line); 516 km meter gauge (1.00 m), single track in Burkina Faso

4,353 km total; all government owned; 3,878 km 1.000-meter gauge, 1 13 km narrow-gauge industrial lines; 362 km double track

Religion

65% indigenous beliefs, about 25% Muslim, 10% Christian (mainly Catholic)

85% Buddhist, 15% indigenous beliefs, Christian, or other

Ships

2 submarines, 2 principal surface combatants, 3 patrol combatants, 2 mine warfare ships, 16 coastal patrol-river/roadstead craft, 25 amphibious warfare craft, 20 mine warfare craft, 1 underway replenishment ship, 1 fleet support ship, 2 other auxiliaries

Suffrage

universal for adults

universal over age 18

Supply

mainly dependent on France, FRG, and UK

Telecommunications

all services only fair; radio relay, wire, radio communication stations in use; 8,600 telephones (under 0. 14 per 100 popl.); 2 AM stations, 1 FM station, 1 TV station; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT station Defense Forces

provide minimum requirements for local and intercity service; international service is good; radiobroadcast coverage is limited to the most populous areas; 49,597 telephones (1982/83; 1 per 1,000 popl.); 1 AM station, no FM stations, 2 TV stations (December 1982); 1 ground satellite station Defense Forces

Type

military; established by coup on 4 August 1983

republic under 1974 constitution