2021 Edition

Background

The island was uninhabited when first settled by the British in 1627. African slaves worked the sugar plantations established on the island, which initially dominated the Caribbean sugar industry. By 1720 Barbados was no longer a dominant force within the sugar industry, having been surpassed by the Leeward Islands and Jamaica. Slavery was abolished in 1834. The Barbadian economy remained heavily dependent on sugar, rum, and molasses production through most of the 20th century. The gradual introduction of social and political reforms in the 1940s and 1950s led to complete independence from the UK in 1966. In the 1990s, tourism and manufacturing surpassed the sugar industry in economic importance. Barbados became a republic on 30 November 2021, with the former Governor-General Sandra MASON elected as the first president.

Area

land

430 sq km

total

430 sq km

water

0 sq km

Area - comparative

2.5 times the size of Washington, DC

Climate

tropical; rainy season (June to October)

Coastline

97 km

Elevation

highest point

Mount Hillaby 336 m

lowest point

Atlantic Ocean 0 m

Geographic coordinates

13 10 N, 59 32 W

Geography - note

easternmost Caribbean island

Irrigated land

50 sq km (2012)

Land boundaries

total

0 km

Land use

agricultural land

32.6% (2018 est.)

agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 25.6% (2018 est.)

agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 2.3% (2018 est.)

agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 4.7% (2018 est.)

forest

19.4% (2018 est.)

other

48% (2018 est.)

Location

Caribbean, island in the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela

Map references

Central America and the Caribbean

Maritime claims

exclusive economic zone

200 nm

territorial sea

12 nm

Natural hazards

infrequent hurricanes; periodic landslides

Natural resources

petroleum, fish, natural gas

Population distribution

most densely populated country in the eastern Caribbean; approximately one-third live in urban areas

Terrain

relatively flat; rises gently to central highland region

Age structure

0-14 years

17.49% (male 25,762/female 25,764)

15-24 years

12.34% (male 18,024/female 18,330)

25-54 years

42.69% (male 62,655/female 63,093)

55-64 years

13.91% (male 19,533/female 21,430)

65 years and over

13.57% (male 16,398/female 23,571) (2020 est.)

Birth rate

10.96 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

3.5% (2012)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

59.2% (2012)

Current Health Expenditure

6.6% (2018)

Death rate

7.9 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Dependency ratios

elderly dependency ratio

25.1

potential support ratio

4 (2020 est.)

total dependency ratio

50.3

youth dependency ratio

25.2

Drinking water source

improved: total

total: 98.5% of population

unimproved: total

total: 1.5% of population (2017 est.)

Education expenditures

4.3% of GDP (2020)

Ethnic groups

African descent 92.4%, mixed 3.1%, White 2.7%, East Indian 1.3%, other 0.2%, unspecified 0.3% (2010 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

1.1% (2019 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

2,700 (2019 est.)

Hospital bed density

6 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Infant mortality rate

female

8.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

male

11.84 deaths/1,000 live births

total

10.23 deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

English (official), Bajan (English-based creole language, widely spoken in informal settings)

Life expectancy at birth

female

81.13 years (2021 est.)

male

75.54 years

total population

78.31 years

Literacy

definition

age 15 and over can read and write

female

99.6% (2014)

male

99.6%

total population

99.6%

Major urban areas - population

89,000 BRIDGETOWN (capital) (2018)

Maternal mortality ratio

27 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Median age

female

40.7 years (2020 est.)

male

38.4 years

total

39.5 years

Nationality

adjective

Barbadian or Bajan (colloquial)

noun

Barbadian(s) or Bajan (colloquial)

Net migration rate

-0.29 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

23.1% (2016)

Physicians density

2.48 physicians/1,000 population (2017)

Population

301,865 (July 2021 est.)

Population distribution

most densely populated country in the eastern Caribbean; approximately one-third live in urban areas

Population growth rate

0.28% (2021 est.)

Religions

Protestant 66.4% (includes Anglican 23.9%, other Pentecostal 19.5%, Adventist 5.9%, Methodist 4.2%, Wesleyan 3.4%, Nazarene 3.2%, Church of God 2.4%, Baptist 1.8%, Moravian 1.2%, other Protestant 0.9%), Roman Catholic 3.8%, other Christian 5.4% (includes Jehovah's Witness 2.0%, other 3.4%), Rastafarian 1%, other 1.5%, none 20.6%, unspecified 1.2% (2010 est.)

Sanitation facility access

improved: total

total: 99.2% of population

unimproved: total

total: 0.8% of population (2017 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

female

17 years (2011)

male

14 years

total

15 years

Sex ratio

0-14 years

1 male(s)/female

15-24 years

0.98 male(s)/female

25-54 years

0.99 male(s)/female

55-64 years

0.91 male(s)/female

65 years and over

0.7 male(s)/female

at birth

1.01 male(s)/female

total population

0.94 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.7 children born/woman (2021 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

female

21.2% (2019 est.)

male

30.3%

total

26%

Urbanization

rate of urbanization

0.46% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

urban population

31.2% of total population (2021)

Administrative divisions

11 parishes and 1 city*; Bridgetown*, Christ Church, Saint Andrew, Saint George, Saint James, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Lucy, Saint Michael, Saint Peter, Saint Philip, Saint Thomas

Capital

etymology

named after a bridge constructed over the swampy area (known as the Careenage) around the Constitution River that flows through the center of Bridgetown

geographic coordinates

13 06 N, 59 37 W

name

Bridgetown

time difference

UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)

Citizenship

citizenship by birth

yes

citizenship by descent only

yes

dual citizenship recognized

yes

residency requirement for naturalization

5 years

Constitution

amendments

proposed by Parliament; passage of amendments to constitutional sections such as citizenship, fundamental rights and freedoms, and the organization and authorities of the branches of government requires two-thirds majority vote by the membership of both houses of Parliament; passage of other amendments only requires a majority vote of both houses; amended several times, last in 2021

history

adopted 22 November 1966, effective 30 November 1966;  Constitution (Amendment) (No. 2) Bill, 2021 establishes Barbados as a republic and revokes the earlier Order in Council

note

note - following the transition to a republic on 30 November 2021, the Government of Barbados plans a consultation on drafting a new constitution

Country name

conventional long form

none

conventional short form

Barbados

etymology

the name derives from the Portuguese "as barbadas," which means "the bearded ones" and can refer either to the long, hanging roots of the island's bearded fig trees or to the alleged beards of the native Carib inhabitants

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission

Ambassador Linda S. TAGLIALATELA (since 1 February 2016) note - also accredited to Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

email address and website

BridgetownACS@state.govhttps://bb.usembassy.gov/

embassy

Wildey Business Park, St. Michael BB 14006, Barbados, W.I.

FAX

(246) 431-0179

mailing address

3120 Bridgetown Place, Washington DC  20521-3120

telephone

(246) 227-4000

Diplomatic representation in the US

chancery

2144 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

chief of mission

Ambassador Noel Anderson LYNCH (since 11 January 2019)

consulate(s) general

Miami, New York

email address and website

washington@foreign.gov.bb

FAX

[1] (202) 332-7467

telephone

[1] (202) 939-9200

Executive branch

cabinet

Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister

chief of state

President Sandra MASON (since 30 November 2021)

election results

Sandra MASON elected as first president on 20 October 2021 to take office on 30 November 2021

elections/appointments

the president is elected by an electoral college of both Houses of Parliament for a four year renewable term; election last held 20 October 2021; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the president; the prime minister recommends the deputy prime minister

head of government

Prime Minister Mia MOTTLEY (since 25 May 2018)

Flag description

three equal vertical bands of ultramarine blue (hoist side), gold, and ultramarine blue with the head of a black trident centered on the gold band; the band colors represent the blue of the sea and sky and the gold of the beaches; the trident head represents independence and a break with the past (the colonial coat of arms contained a complete trident)

Government type

parliamentary republic; a Commonwealth realm

Independence

30 November 1966 (from the UK)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

ACP, AOSIS, C, Caricom, CDB, CELAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAES, MIGA, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Judicial branch

highest courts

Supreme Court (consists of the High Court with 8 justices) and the Court of Appeal (consists of the High Court chief justice and president of the court and 4 justices; note - in 2005, Barbados acceded to the Caribbean Court of Justice as the final court of appeal, replacing that of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (in London)

judge selection and term of office

Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister and opposition leader of Parliament; other justices appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission, a 5-member independent body consisting of the Supreme Court chief justice, the commission head, and presidential appointees recommended by the prime minister; justices serve until mandatory retirement at age 65

subordinate courts

Magistrates' Courts

Legal system

English common law; no judicial review of legislative acts

Legislative branch

description

bicameral Parliament consists of:Senate (21 seats; members appointed by the president - 12 on the advice of the Prime Minister, 2 on the advice of the opposition leader, and 7 at the discretion of the president) House of Assembly (30 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 5-year terms)

election results

Senate - appointed; composition - men 16, women 5, percent of women 23.8% House of Assembly - percent of vote by party - BLP 74.6%, DLP 22.6%, other 2.8%; seats by party - BLP 30; composition - men 24, women 6, percent of women 20%; note - total Parliament percent of women 21.6%

elections

Senate - last appointments on 5 June 2018 (next appointments NA)House of Assembly - last held on 24 May 2018 (next to be held in 2023)

note

note: tradition dictates that the election is held within 5 years of the last election, but constitutionally it is 5 years from the first seating of Parliament plus a 90-day grace period

National anthem

lyrics/music

Irving BURGIE/C. Van Roland EDWARDS

name

The National Anthem of Barbados

note

note: adopted 1966; the anthem is also known as "In Plenty and In Time of Need"

National holiday

Independence Day, 30 November (1966)

National symbol(s)

Neptune's trident, pelican, Red Bird of Paradise flower (also known as Pride of Barbados); national colors: blue, yellow, black

Political parties and leaders

Bajan Free Party [Alex MITCHELL]Barbados Integrity Movement [Neil HOLDER]Barbados Labor Party or BLP [Mia MOTTLEY]Democratic Labor Party or DLP [Freundel STUART]People’s Democratic Congress [Mark ADAMSON]People's Empowerment Party or PEP [David COMISSIONG]Solutions Barbados [Grenville PHILLIPS II]United Progressive Party or UPP [Lynette EASTMOND]

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Agricultural products

sugar cane, poultry, vegetables, milk, eggs, pork, coconuts, pulses nes, sweet potatoes, tropical fruit

Budget

expenditures

1.664 billion (2017 est.)

revenues

1.466 billion (2013 est.) (2017 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Credit ratings

Moody's rating

Caa1 (2019)

Standard & Poors rating

B- (2019)

Current account balance

Current account balance 2016

-$206 million (2016 est.)

Current account balance 2017

-$189 million (2017 est.)

Debt - external

Debt - external 2003

$668 million (2003 est.)

Debt - external 2010

$4.49 billion (2010 est.)

Economic overview

Barbados is the wealthiest and one of the most developed countries in the Eastern Caribbean and enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the region. Historically, the Barbadian economy was dependent on sugarcane cultivation and related activities. However, in recent years the economy has diversified into light industry and tourism. Offshore finance and information services are important foreign exchange earners, boosted by being in the same time zone as eastern US financial centers and by a relatively highly educated workforce. Following the 2008-09 recession, external vulnerabilities such as fluctuations in international oil prices have hurt economic growth, raised Barbados' already high public debt to GDP ratio - which stood at 105% of GDP in 2016 - and cut into its international reserves.

Exchange rates

currency

Barbadian dollars (BBD) per US dollar -

Exchange rates 2013

2 (2013 est.)

Exchange rates 2014

2 (2014 est.)

Exchange rates 2015

2 (2015 est.)

Exchange rates 2016

2 (2016 est.)

Exchange rates 2017

2 (2017 est.)

note

note: the Barbadian dollar is pegged to the US dollar

Exports

Exports 2016

$516.9 million (2016 est.)

Exports 2017

$485.4 million (2017 est.)

Exports - commodities

rums and other hard liquor, ships, orthopedic appliances, cement, packaged medicines (2019)

Exports - partners

US 21%, Poland 14%, Jamaica 8%, Guyana 6%,Trinidad and Tobago 6% (2019)

Fiscal year

1 April - 31 March

GDP - composition, by end use

exports of goods and services

31.6% (2017 est.)

government consumption

13.4% (2017 est.)

household consumption

84.2% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services

-47% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital

17.6% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories

0.2% (2017 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture

1.5% (2017 est.)

industry

9.8% (2017 est.)

services

88.7% (2017 est.)

GDP (official exchange rate)

$4.99 billion (2017 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

highest 10%

NA

lowest 10%

NA

Imports

Imports 2016

$1.541 billion (2016 est.)

Imports 2017

$1.52 billion (2017 est.)

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, ships, cars, shipping containers, packaged medicines (2019)

Imports - partners

United States 35%, Trinidad and Tobago 14%, China 9%, Netherlands 5% (2019)

Industrial production growth rate

2.4% (2017 est.)

Industries

tourism, sugar, light manufacturing, component assembly for export

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2016

1.5% (2016 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2017

4.4% (2017 est.)

Labor force

144,000 (2017 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture

10%

industry

15%

services

75% (1996 est.)

Population below poverty line

NA

Public debt

Public debt 2016

149.1% of GDP (2016 est.)

Public debt 2017

157.3% of GDP (2017 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

note

note: data are in 2017 dollars

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2018

$4.49 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2019

$4.49 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2020

$3.7 billion note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)

Real GDP growth rate

Real GDP growth rate 2015

2.2% (2015 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2016

2.3% (2016 est.)

Real GDP growth rate 2017

-0.2% (2017 est.)

Real GDP per capita

note

note: data are in 2017 dollars

Real GDP per capita 2018

$15,700 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2018 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2019

$15,600 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2019 est.)

Real GDP per capita 2020

$12,900 note: data are in 2017 dollars (2020 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2016

$341.8 million (31 December 2016 est.)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2017

$264.5 million (31 December 2017 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

29.4% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Unemployment rate

Unemployment rate 2016

9.9% (2016 est.)

Unemployment rate 2017

10.1% (2017 est.)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

female

21.2% (2019 est.)

male

30.3%

total

26%

Crude oil - exports

674 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - imports

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Crude oil - production

1,000 bbl/day (2018 est.)

Crude oil - proved reserves

2.534 million bbl (1 January 2018 est.)

Electricity - consumption

990 million kWh (2016 est.)

Electricity - exports

0 kWh (2017 est.)

Electricity - from fossil fuels

93% of total installed capacity (2016 est.)

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)

Electricity - from other renewable sources

7% of total installed capacity (2017 est.)

Electricity - imports

0 kWh (2016 est.)

Electricity - installed generating capacity

269,000 kW (2016 est.)

Electricity - production

1.01 billion kWh (2016 est.)

Electricity access

electrification - total population

100% (2020)

Natural gas - consumption

19.82 million cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - exports

0 cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - imports

5.653 million cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - production

14.16 million cu m (2017 est.)

Natural gas - proved reserves

141.6 million cu m (1 January 2018 est.)

Refined petroleum products - consumption

11,000 bbl/day (2016 est.)

Refined petroleum products - exports

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Refined petroleum products - imports

10,630 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Refined petroleum products - production

0 bbl/day (2015 est.)

Broadband - fixed subscriptions

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

37.21 (2019 est.)

total

106,803 (2019)

Broadcast media

government-owned Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) operates the lone terrestrial TV station; CBC also operates a multi-channel cable TV subscription service; roughly a dozen radio stations, consisting of a CBC-operated network operating alongside privately owned radio stations

Internet country code

.bb

Internet users

percent of population

81.76% (2019 est.)

total

235,100 (2021 est.)

Telecommunication systems

domestic

fixed-line teledensity of roughly 48 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular telephone density about 109 per 100 persons (2019)

general assessment

island-wide automatic telephone system; telecom sector across the Caribbean region remains one of the key growth areas and contributors to the overall GDP; numerous competitors licensed, but small and localized (2020)

international

country code - 1-246; landing points for the ECFS and Southern Caribbean Fiber submarine cable with links to 15 other islands in the eastern Caribbean extending from the British Virgin Islands to Trinidad and Puerto Ricco; satellite earth stations - 1 (Intelsat - Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Trinidad and Saint Lucia (2019)

note

note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced downturn, particularly in mobile device production; many network operators delayed upgrades to infrastructure; progress towards 5G implementation was postponed or slowed in some countries; consumer spending on telecom services and devices was affected by large-scale job losses and the consequent restriction on disposable incomes; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home became evident, and received some support from governments

Telephones - fixed lines

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

44.61 (2019 est.)

total subscriptions

128,043 (2019)

Telephones - mobile cellular

subscriptions per 100 inhabitants

114.7 (2019 est.)

total subscriptions

329,326 (2019)

Airports

total

1 (2020)

Airports - with paved runways

over 3,047 m

1 (2019)

total

1

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

8P

Merchant marine

by type

bulk carrier 46, general cargo 103, other 16 (2021)

total

165

Pipelines

33 km gas, 64 km oil, 6 km refined products (2013)

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s)

Bridgetown

Roadways

paved

1,700 km (2015)

total

1,700 km (2015)

Military - note

Barbados has been a member of the Caribbean Regional Security System (RSS) since its creation in 1982; RSS signatories (Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Saint Kitts, Saint Lucia, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) agreed to prepare contingency plans and assist one another, on request, in national emergencies, prevention of smuggling, search and rescue, immigration control, fishery protection, customs and excise control, maritime policing duties, protection of off-shore installations, pollution control, national and other disasters, and threats to national security; the RSS is headquartered in Barbados

Military and security forces

Barbados Defense Force: The Barbados Regiment, The Barbados Coast Guard (2021)

Military and security service personnel strengths

the Barbados Defense Force (BDF) has approximately 600 active personnel (2021)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

the Netherlands provide the BDF's major equipment inventory (maritime patrol boats) (2021)

Military expenditures

Military Expenditures 2016

0.9% of GDP (2016)

Military Expenditures 2017

0.9% of GDP (2017)

Military Expenditures 2018

0.8% of GDP (2018)

Military Expenditures 2019

0.8% of GDP (2019)

Military Expenditures 2020

0.9% of GDP (2020 est.)

Military service age and obligation

Voluntary service only; 17 years, 9 months to 17 years, 11 months with letter of consent from a parent or guardian, or be in the age range of 18-25 years at the start of recruit training; citizens of Barbados by descent or naturalization (2021)

Disputes - international

Barbados and Trinidad and Tobago abide by the April 2006 Permanent Court of Arbitration decision delimiting a maritime boundary and limiting catches of flying fish in Trinidad and Tobago's exclusive economic zone; joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, which permits Venezuela to extend its Economic Exclusion Zone/continental shelf over a large portion of the eastern Caribbean Sea

Illicit drugs

a transit point for cocaine and marijuana destined for North America, Europe, and elsewhere in the Caribbean

Trafficking in persons

current situation

human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Barbados; foreign women are subject to sex trafficking; children are exploited in sex trafficking by parents and caregivers, according to anecdotal reports; documented and undocumented migrants from Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, and Venezuela are at high risk for trafficking, while migrants from other nearby countries are increasingly vulnerable

tier rating

Tier 2 Watch List — Barbados does not fully meet the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but is making significant efforts to do so; the government completed an anti-trafficking manual on assisting and interviewing victims, reinstated the anti-trafficking task force, and increased training for law enforcement and child care officials; however, authorities again did not identify any trafficking victims, reported no new prosecutions, and have never convicted anyone of trafficking; the national action plan has yet to be completed (2020)

Air pollutants

carbon dioxide emissions

1.28 megatons (2016 est.)

methane emissions

2.35 megatons (2020 est.)

particulate matter emissions

22.24 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)

Climate

tropical; rainy season (June to October)

Environment - current issues

pollution of coastal waters from waste disposal by ships; soil erosion; illegal solid waste disposal threatens contamination of aquifers

Environment - international agreements

party to

Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified

none of the selected agreements

Land use

agricultural land

32.6% (2018 est.)

agricultural land: arable land

arable land: 25.6% (2018 est.)

agricultural land: permanent crops

permanent crops: 2.3% (2018 est.)

agricultural land: permanent pasture

permanent pasture: 4.7% (2018 est.)

forest

19.4% (2018 est.)

other

48% (2018 est.)

Revenue from coal

coal revenues

0% of GDP (2018 est.)

Revenue from forest resources

forest revenues

0.01% of GDP (2018 est.)

Total renewable water resources

80 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

Total water withdrawal

agricultural

54.8 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

industrial

6.2 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

municipal

20 million cubic meters (2017 est.)

Urbanization

rate of urbanization

0.46% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

urban population

31.2% of total population (2021)

Waste and recycling

municipal solid waste generated annually

174,815 tons (2011 est.)

municipal solid waste recycled annually

15,733 tons (2015 est.)

percent of municipal solid waste recycled

9% (2015 est.)