1986 Edition

Agriculture

livestock, forest products, cereals, potatoes, sugar beets; 84% self-sufficient

food importer; main crops fish, fruits, vegetables

Aid

donor — ODA and OOF economic aid commitments (1970-83), $1.3 billion

economic — US economic commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-80), from US, $42 million; ODA and OOF economic commitments (1970-83), $140 million; no military aid

Airfields

56 total, 54 usable; 18 with permanent-surface runways; 5 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 5 with runways 1, 220-2,439 m

61 total, 56 usable; 29 with permanent-surface runways; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 23 with runways 1, 220-2,439 m

Branches

bicameral legislature (Federal Assembly — Federal Council, National Council), directly elected President whose functions are largely representational, independent federal judiciary

Army, Flying Division

bicameral legislature (Parliament — 16-member appointed Senate, 43-member elected House of Assembly); executive (Prime Minister and Cabinet); judiciary

Royal Bahamas Defense Force (a coast guard element only), Royal Bahamas Police Force

Budget

expenditures, $23.2 billion; revenues, $18.5 billion; deficit, $4.7 billion (1985)

(1984 prelim.) revenues, $347 million; expenditures, $363 million

Capital

Vienna

Nassau on New Providence Island

Civil air

25 major transport aircraft The Bahamas

9 major transport aircraft

CNP

$1.8 billion (1984), $7,950 per capita; real growth rate 2% (1984)

Coastline

3,542 km (New Providence Island, 76 km) People

161 km People

Communists

membership 15,000 est.; activists 7,000-8,000

none known

Crude steel

5.3 million metric tons produced (1984)

Elections

presidential, every six years (next 1986); parliamentary, every four years (next 1987) Political parties and leaders: Socialist Party of Austria (SPO), Fred Sinowatz, chairman; Austrian People's Party (OVP), Alois Mock, chairman; Liberal Party (FPO), Norbert Steger, chairman; Communist Party (KPO), Franz Muhri, chairman; Alternative List Austria (ALO), no leader; United Greens (VGO), Josef Buchner, leader

House of Assembly (June 1982); next election constitutionally due in five years Political parties and leaders: Progressive Liberal Party (PLP), Sir Lynden O. Pindling; Free National Movement (FNM), Kendal Isaacs, Cecil WallaceWhitfield

Electric power

14,71 1,000 kW capacity (1985); 45.11 billion kWh produced (1985), 5,983 kWh per capita

348,000 kW capacity (1985); 880 million kWh produced (1985), 3,793 kWh per capita

Ethnic divisions

85% black, 15% white

63% Bahraini, 13% Asian, 10% other Arab, 8% Iranian, 6% other

Exports

$15.72 billion (f.o.b., 1984); iron and steel products, machinery and equipment, lumber, textiles, paper products, chemicals

$2.3 billion (f.o.b., 1984); pharmaceuticals, cement, rum, crayfish

Fiscal year

calendar year Communications

calendar year Communications

GNP

$64.21 billion (1984), $8,500 per capita; 57% private consumption, 22% investment, 19% public consumption; 1984 real GNP growth rate, 2.2%

Government leaders

Rudolf KIRCHSCHLAGER, President (since July 1974); Fred SINOWATZ, Chancellor (since May 1983), leads a Socialist/Freedom Party of Austria coalition

Sir Lynden Oscar PINDLING, Prime Minister (since 1969); Sir Gerald C. CASH, Governor General (since 1979)

Highways

95,412 km total; 34,612 km are the classified network (including 1,012 km of autobahn, 10,400 km of federal, and 23,200 km of provincial roads); of this number, approximately 21,812 km are paved and 12,800 km are unpaved; additionally, there are 60,800 km of communal roads (mostly gravel, crushed stone, earth)

2,400 km total; 1,350 km paved, 1,050 km gravel

Imports

$19.59 billion (c.i.f., 1984); machinery and equipment, chemicals, textiles and clothing, petroleum, foodstuffs, vehicles, office machines, Pharmaceuticals

$3.0 billion (c. i. f . , 1 984); foodstuffs, manufactured goods, mineral fuels

Infant mortality rate

20.20/1,000 (1984)

Inland waterways

427 km

Labor force

82,000(1982); 30% government, 25% hotels and restaurants, 10% business services, 6% agriculture; 30% unemployment (1983)

140,000 (1982); 42% of labor force is Bahraini; 85% industry and commerce, 5% agriculture, 5% services, 3% government Government

Language

English; some Creole among Haitian immigrants

Arabic (official); English also widely spoken; Farsi, Urdu

Legal system

civil law system with Roman law origin; constitution adopted 1920, repromulgated 1945; judicial review of legislative acts by a Constitutional Court; separate administrative and civil/penal supreme courts; legal education at Universities of Vienna, Graz, Innsbruck, Salzburg, and Linz; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

based on English common law

Life expectancy

men 64, women 70

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

3 nm (fishing 200 nm)

3 nm

Literacy

89%

40%

Major industries

foods, iron and steel, machinery, textiles, chemicals, electrical, paper and pulp

banking, tourism, cement, oil refining and transshipment, lumber, salt production, rum, aragonite, pharmaceuticals, spiral weld, and steel pipe

Major trade partners

(1984) imports — 39.9% FRG, 8.6% Italy, 6.6% East Europe (excluding USSR), 5.0% USSR, 4.4% Switzerland, 3.5% US, exports— 29.6% FRG, 9.4% Italy, 7.6% East Europe (excluding USSR), 6.9% Switzerland, 6.4% OPEC, 4.1% US

exports — US 90%, UK 10%; imports— Iran 30%, Nigeria 20%, US 10%, EC 10%, Gabon 10% (1981)

Member of

ADB, Council of Europe, DAC, ECE, EFTA, EMA, ESRO (observer), FAO, GATT, IAEA, IDB— Inter-American Development Bank, IBRD, ICAC, ICAO, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, International Lead and Zinc Study Group, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, ITU, IWC— International Wheat Council, OECD, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, WSG Economy

CARICOM, CDB, Commonwealth, FAO, G-77, GATT(de facto), IBRD, ICAO, IDE — Inter-American Development Bank, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTERPOL, ITU, NAM, OAS, PAHO, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Economy

Military budget

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1984, $849 million; about 3.9% of the proposed federal budget 200km Great Inagua Sec region*! map III Land 13,934 km2; about the size of Connecticut; an archipelago of some 700 islands and keys; 29% forest; 1% cultivated; 70% built on, wasteland, and other Water

for fiscal year ending 31 December 1982 $9.2 million, about 2.5% of the total budget Persian Gutf S*e rffionil map VI Land 676 km2 plus group of 32 smaller islands; smaller than New York City; 5% cultivated, negligible forest; remainder desert, waste, or urban Water

Military manpower

males 15-49, 1,946,000; 1,647,000 fit for military service; 65,000 reach military age (19) annually

Monetary conversion rate

20.01 schillings=US$l (1984 average); 22.28 schillings=US$l (first half 1985)

1 Bahamian dollar=US$l (September 1985)

National holiday

26 October

Independence Day, 10 July

Nationality

noun — Bahamian(s); adjective— Bahamian

noun — Bahraini(s); adjective — Bahrain*

Natural resources

iron ore, petroleum, timber, magnesite, aluminum, coal, lignite, cement, copper

salt, aragonite, timber

Official name

Republic of Austria

The Commonwealth of The Bahamas

State of Bahrain

Organized labor

1 ,672,820 members of Austrian Trade Union Federation (1984) Government

25% organized Government

Other political or pressure groups

Federal Chamber of Commerce and Industry; Austrian Trade Union Federation (primarily Socialist); three composite leagues of the Austrian People's Party (OVP) representing business, labor, and farmers; OVP-oriented League of Austrian Industrialists; Roman Catholic Church, including its chief lay organization, Catholic Action

Vanguard Nationalist and Socialist Party (VNSP), a small leftist party headed by Lionel Carey; Trade Union Congress (TUC), headed by Leonard Archer The Bahamas (continued) Bahrain

Pipelines

554 km crude oil; 2,61 1 km natural gas; 171 km refined products

Political subdivisions

9 states (lander) including the capital

Population

235,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 1.8%

422,000 (July 1986), average annual growth rate 3.5%

Ports

2 major river (Vienna, Linz)

2 major (Freeport, Nassau), 9 minor

Railroads

6,497 km total; 5.857 km government owned; 5,403 km 1.435-meter standard gauge of which 3,017 km electrified and 1,520 km double tracked; 454 km 0.760meter narrow gauge of which 91 km electrified; 640 km privately owned 1.435and 1.000-meter gauge

none

Religion

Baptist 29%, Anglican 23%, Roman Catholic 22%, smaller groups of other Protestants, Greek Orthodox, and Jews

Muslim (70% Shi'a, 30% Sunni)

Suffrage

universal over age 19; compulsory for presidential elections

universal over age 18

Telecommunications

highly developed and efficient; extensive TV and radiobroadcast systems with 9 AM, 669 FM, and 988 TV stations; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT station; 3.47 million telephones (45.9 per 100 popl.) Defense Forces

telecom facilities highly developed, including 84,000 telephones (37.9 per 100 popl.) in totally automatic system; tropospheric scatter and cable links with Florida; 3 AM and 2 FM stations; 1 TV station; 3 coaxial submarine cables; satellite ground station under construction Defense Forces

Type

federal republic

independent commonwealth recognizing Elizabeth II as Chief of State

traditional monarchy; independent since 1971

Voting strengt h

(1983 election) parliamentary— SPO 47.65%, OVP 43.22%, FPO 4.98%, VGO 1.93%, ALO 1.36%, KPO 0.66%

Voting strength

73,309 registered voters (July 1977); (1982 election) House of Assembly—PLP (55%) 32 seats, FNM (45%) 1 1 seats, others (3%) 0 seats