1983 Edition

Agriculture

cash crops — coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, sugar, manioc, and tobacco; food crops — cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains, bananas, and other local foodstuffs; largely self-sufficient in food

pigeon peas, corn, sweet potatoes, sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, poultry

Airfield

1 with runway of 1,100 m at Wallblake Airport

Airfields

383 total, 329 usable; 28 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over 3,659 m, 1 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 78 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Area

1,245,790 km2; 44% forest; 22% meadow and pasture; 1% cultivated; 33% other (including fallow)

Branches

the official party is the supreme political institution; legislative — National People's Assembly

Army, Navy, Air Force/ Air Defense; paramilitary forces — Peoples' Police Corps, Peoples' Defense Organization, Frontier Guard

11-member House of Assembly, seven-member Executive Council

Police DOMINICAN At/antic REPUBLIC PUERTQ Ocean RICO ANTIGUA \» AND (ft BARBUDA Caribbean Sea Land 280 km2; 54% arable; 18% waste and built on; 14% forest; 9% unused but potentially productive; 5% pasture; the islands of Redonda (less than 2.6 km2 and uninhabited) and Barbuda (161 km2) are dependencies Water

bicameral legislative, 17-member popularly elected House of Representatives and 17-member Senate; executive, Prime Minister and Cabinet

Budget

(1980) est. reserve $1.991 billion; est. total expenditures $2.886 billion

revenue, EC $9,899,801 (1982); expenditure, EC $10,759,868 (1982); grant-inaid, EC $1,081,000 (1982)

Capital

Luanda

The Valley

St. Johns

Civil air

25 major transport aircraft Angola (continued) Anguilla

no major transport aircraft

Coastline

1,600km People

153 km People

Communists

none

negligible

Elections

none held to date Political parties and leaders: Popular Movement for the Liberation of AngolaLabor Party (MPLA-Labor Party), led by dos Santos, only legal party; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), defeated in civil war, carrying out insurgencies

general election, June 1982 Political parties and leaders: Anguilla National Alliance (ANA), Emile Gumbs; Anguillan People's Party (APP), Ronald Webster

every five years; last general election 24 April 1980 Political parties and leaders: Antigua Labor Party (ALP), Vere C. Bird, Sr., Lester Bird; United People's Movement (UPM), George Herbert Walter; Progressive Labor Movement (PLM), Robert Hall

Electric power

630,000 kW capacity (1983); 1.6 billion kWh produced (1983), 210 kWh per capita

island-wide system; capacity unknown

Ethnic divisions

38% Ovimbundu, 23% Kimbundu, 13% Bakongo, 2% Mestico, 1% European

mainly of African Negro descent

almost entirely African Negro

Exports

est. $1.4 billion (f.o.b., 1982); oil, coffee, diamonds, sisal, fish and fish products, iron ore, timber, corn, and cotton

lobsters

Fiscal year

calendar year Communications

probably calendar Communications

Fishing

catch 106,073 metric tons (1979)

inshore and reef fishing; catch unknown

GDP

$3.9 billion (1980 est), $591 per capita, 0.0% real growth (1980)

unknown

Government leader

Jose Eduardo dos SANTOS, President

Government leaders

Allistair BAILLE, Governor; Emile GUMBS, Chief Minister

Vere Cornwall BIRD, Sr., Prime Minister; Lester BIRD, Deputy Prime Minister; Sir Wilfred Ebenezer JACOBS, Governor

Highways

73,828 km total; 8,577 km bituminous-surface treatment, 29,350 km crushed stone, gravel, or improved earth, remainder unimproved earth

64 km surfaced, 24 km gravel and earth

Imports

est. $1.41 billion (c.i.f., 1982); capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), wines, bulk iron and ironwork, steel and metals, vehicles and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; military deliveries partially offset drop in imports in 1975-77

Inland waterways

1,165 km navigable

none Anguilla (continued) Antigua and Barbuda

Labor force

1,865,000 economically active (mid-1980 est.); 60% agriculture, 15% industry

2,000 Anguillans living overseas send remittances home; high unemployment (40% in 1977)

Land boundaries

5,070 km Water

Language

Portuguese (official); various Bantu dialects

English (official)

English

Legal system

formerly based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; being modified along "socialist" model

based on English common law; constitution came into effect on 1 April 1982

based on English law; British Caribbean Court of Appeal has exclusive original jurisdiction and an appellate jurisdiction, consists of Chief Justice and five justices

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

20 nm (fishing 200 nm)

3 nm (fishing 12 nm)

Literacy

20%

80%

about 88%

Major industries

mining (oil, diamonds), fish processing, brewing, tobacco, sugar processing, textiles, cement, food processing plants, building construction

lobster exports, tourism, and salt

Major trade partners

Cuba, USSR, Portugal, and US

Member of

Af DB, FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), ICAO, IFAD, ILO, IMO, INTELSAT, ITU, NAM, OAU, SADCC, UN, UNESCO, UNICEF, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO Economy

Commonwealth Economy

CARICOM, Commonwealth, G-77, ICAO, ILO, IMF, ISO, OAS, UN, UNESCO

Military manpower

males 15-49, 1,722,000; 867,000 fit for military service; 72,000 reach military age (20) annually At/antic Ocean DOMREP. .ANGUILLA ST. CHRISTOPHER'. . AMD NEVIS • .. Caribbean Sea Land Anguilla, 91 km2; Sombrero, 5 km2 . People

Monetary conversion rate

30.214 kwanza=US$l (23 February 1983)

2.70 East Caribbean dollars=$USl (February 1984)

National holiday

Independence Day, 1 1 November

Nationality

noun — Angolan(s); adjective — Angolan

noun — Anguillan(s); adjective— Anguillan

noun — Antiguan(s); adjective — Antiguan

Official name

People's Republic of Angola

Anguilla

Antigua and Barbuda

Organized labor

approx. 450,695 (1980) Government

none Government

18,000, 22-26% unemployment (1983 est.) Government

Other political or pressure groups

Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement (ACLM), a small leftist nationalist group led by Leonard "Tim" Hector

Pipelines

crude oil, 179 km

Political subdivisions

18 provinces including the coastal exclave of Cabinda

6 parishes, 2 dependencies (Barbuda, Redonda)

Population

7,770,000, including Cabinda (July 1984), average annual growth rate 2.6%; Cabinda, 125,000 (July 1984), average annual growth rate 3.2%

7,000 (1982 est.)

80,000 (July 1984), average annual growth rate 1.3%

Ports

3 major (Cabinda, Luanda, Lobito), 5

1 major (Road Bay), 1 minor (Blowing Point)

Railroads

3,189 km total; 2,879 km 1.067-meter gauge, 310 km 0.600-meter gauge

none

Religion

68% Roman Catholic, 20% Protestant, about 10% indigenous beliefs

Anglican and Methodist

Anglican (predominant), other Protestant sects, some Roman Catholic

Suffrage

to be determined

native born; resident before separation from St. Christopher-Nevis; 15 years residence for "belonger" status

universal suffrage age 18 and over

Telecommunications

fair system of wire, radio-relay and troposcatter routes; HF used extensively for military /Cuban links; 2 Atlantic Ocean satellite stations; 29,100 telephones (0.5 per 100 popl.); 16 AM, 13 FM, and 2 TV stations; 230,000 radio receivers and 21,000 television receivers (1982) Defense Forces

modern internal telephone system (1,200 telephones est); 1 radio broadcasting service Defense Forces Defense is responsibility of UK

Type

republic

British dependent territory

independent state recognizing Elizabeth II as Chief of State

Voting strength

APP, 5 seats; ANA, 2 seats

(1980 election) House of Representatives— ALP, 13 seats; PLM, 3 seats; independent, 1 seat