1981 Edition

Area

1,245,790 km*; 1% cultivated, 44% forested, 22% meadows and pastures, 33% other (including fallow)

Coastline

1,600 km

Communists

negligible

Elections

half of General Council chosen every two years, last election December 1979 Political parties and leaders: political parties not yet legally recognized; traditionally no political parties but only partisans for particular independent candidates for the General Council, on the basis of competence, personality, and orientation toward Spain or France; various small pressure groups developed in 1972; first formal political party — Andorran Democratic Association — formed in November 1976; as of March 1980, newly formed Partit Democrata Andorra, which had applied for legal status, must await final approval of a new law covering associations

Land boundaries

5,070 km

Limits of territorial waters (claimed)

20 nm (fishing 200 nm)

Member of

UNESCO

Ethnic divisions

93% African, 5% European, 1% mestizo

Labor force

2.6 million economically active (1964); 531,000 wage workers (1967)

Language

Portuguese (official); many native dialects

Literacy

10-15%

Nationality

noun — Angolan(s); adjective — Angolan

Organized labor

approx. 65,000 (1967)

Population

7,000,000, including Cabinda (July 1982), average annual growth rate 2.5%; Cabinda, 117,000 (July 1982), average annual growth rate 3.3%

Religion

about 84% animist, 12% Roman Catholic, 4% Protestant

Branches

the official party is the supreme political institution

Capital

Luanda

Elections

none held to date Political parties and leaders: Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola-Labor Party (MPLA-Labor Party), led by dos Santos, only legal party; National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA) and National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), defeated in civil war, carrying out insurgencies

Government leader

Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, President

Legal system

formerly based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; being modified along "socialist" model

Member of

FAO, G-77, GATT (de facto), ICAO, ILO, IMCO, ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UNESCO, UNICEF, UPU, WHO, WMO

National holiday

Independence Day, 11 November ANGOLA (Continued)

Official name

People's Republic of Angola

Political subdivisions

17 provinces including the coastal exclave of Cabinda

Suffrage

to be determined

Type

republic; achieved independence from Portugal in November 1975; constitution promulgated 1975; government formed after civil war which ended in early 1976

Agriculture

sheep raising; small quantities of tobacco, rye, wheat, barley, oats, and some vegetables (less than 4% of land is arable)

cash crops — coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, sugar, manioc, and tobacco; food crops — cassava, corn, vegetables, plantains, bananas, and other local foodstuffs; largely selfsufficient in food

Budget

(1975) balanced at about $740 million by former Portuguese administration; budget not yet published by new government

Electric power

25,000 kW capacity (1981); 100 million kWh produced (1981), 3,450 kWh per capita; power is mainly exported to Spain and France

600,000 kW capacity (1980); 1.4 billion kWh produced (1980), 206 kWh per capita

Exports

est. $1,900 million (f.o.b., 1980); oil, coffee, diamonds, sisal, fish and fish products, iron ore, timber, corn, and cotton; exports down sharply 1975-77

Fiscal year

calendar year

Fishing

catch 106,073 metric tons (1979)

GDP

$3.9 billion (1980 est), $591 per capita, 0.0% real growth (1980)

Imports

est. $1,350 million (f.o.b., 1980); capital equipment (machinery and electrical equipment), wines, bulk iron and ironwork, steel and metals, vehicles and spare parts, textiles and clothing, medicines; military deliveries partially offset drop in imports in 1975-77

Major industries

tourism, sheep, timber, tobacco, and smuggling

mining (oil, diamonds), fish processing, brewing, tobacco, sugar processing, textiles, cement, food processing plants, building construction

Major trade partners

Spain, France

Cuba, USSR, Portugal, and US

Monetary conversion rate

27.6 kwanza=US$l as of September 1981

Airfields

none

389 total, 367 usable; 27 with permanentsurface runways; 1 with runways over 3,660 m, 9 with runways 2,440-3,659 m, 100 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Civil air

no major transport aircraft

26 major transport aircraft

Highways

about 96 km

73,828 km total; 8,577 km bituminous-surface treatment, 28,723 km crushed stone, gravel, or improved earth, remainder unimproved earth

Inland waterways

1,165 km navigable

Military manpower

males 15-49, 1,536,000; 773,000 fit for military service; 62,000 reach military age (20) annually

Pipelines

crude oil, 179 km

Ports

3 major (Luanda, Lobito, Mocamedes), 5 minor

Railroads

none

3,189 km total; 2,879 km 1.067-meter gauge, 310 km 0.600-meter gauge

Telecommunications

international landline circuits to Spain and France; 2 AM stations, 1 FM station, and 1 TV station; about 11,720 telephones (39.0 per 100 popl.) DEFENSE FORCES Andorra has no defense forces; Spain and France are responsible for protection as needed

fair system of wire and radio relay; troposcatter/radio-relay system under construction; HF used extensively for military/Cuban links; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite station; 29,100 telephones (0.5 per 100 popl.); 15 AM and 5 FM stations; 1 TV station DEFENSE FORCES